Why does type 1 diabetes occur?

Type 1 diabetes is a fairly common chronic disease that is associated with impaired pancreatic function. It is here that the hormone insulin is synthesized, responsible for the metabolism of carbohydrates in the body, in particular, for the exchange of glucose.

Unfortunately, type 1 diabetes mellitus is accompanied by almost complete absence of natural insulin in the body. Patients need regular injections of this hormone. That is why it is customary to call this form of the disease an insulin-dependent diabetes.

To date, there is no way to cure diabetes. But a patient with such a diagnosis can live a long life. Of course, this requires the introduction of insulin, the appropriate diet, a constant control of blood glucose and physical activity.

Diabetes mellitus type 1: the main causes of the disease

It is believed that there is a genetic predisposition here. Nevertheless, the disease may not manifest itself for many years, until some factor activates it. Quite often, the cause of rapid development of the disease is severe inflammation or infection, the penetration of toxins into the body. Risk factors include a sedentary lifestyle, malnutrition, obesity. It is noted that diabetes mellitus can develop after severe emotional trauma or overexertion. In addition, the disease can be associated with autoimmune processes, during which the body produces antibodies that attack pancreatic cells.

Diabetes mellitus type 1: the main symptoms

As a rule, this form of diabetes mellitus appears in people under the age of 20 years. The disease develops sharply and quickly, therefore requires immediate medical attention. Patients notice the appearance of constant thirst and dry mouth, as well as profuse urination. In addition, diabetes causes severe weakness, fatigue, headaches, itching, insomnia and other sleep disorders.

It is worth noting that if the body is unable to process carbohydrates, it actively tries to fill the energy deficit by burning all fat and even protein stocks. That's why one of the symptoms is a sharp weight loss, despite sufficient, high-grade nutrition.

In any case, at the first suspicion of type 1 diabetes it is worthwhile to see a doctor. Absence of treatment can lead to damage to the nervous and circulatory system, as well as any organ in the human body.

Treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus

Optimal treatment for today is the introduction of insulin. The dose and method of injection is determined by the attending physician. Insulin can be injected with a conventional syringe as well as with very convenient modern devices. For example, there are hormone dispensers that independently inject the necessary dose of the drug into the blood at a specified time.

In addition, patients with a similar diagnosis need to lead a healthy lifestyle, which includes moderate exercise and proper nutrition.

Diabetes mellitus type 1: diet

Diet for patients with this form of diabetes should be made by a doctor. It is necessary to maintain the balance of carbohydrates in the body and determine the energy expenditure.

Patients are not recommended to eat chocolate, sweets and other products containing digestible carbohydrates, although they are necessary in case of hypoglycemia.

Fresh vegetables, fruits and berries will be useful. They contain carbohydrates, but in a difficult digestible form.

In addition, you should observe the diet. It is recommended to divide the necessary amount of food by approximately 5 - 6 receptions. In no case should you miss the intake of food, as this will affect the level of glucose in the blood and can lead to very undesirable consequences.

For today let out special sweets, a batch and other production intended specially for diabetics.

And, of course, patients with this diagnosis must regularly visit the endocrinologist's office, undergo scheduled examinations and take tests, so that the doctor has the opportunity to correct the treatment regimen if necessary.