Iron removal from the well. Water deironing plant

One of the main problems of drinking water is the increased content of iron in it. Private consumers and business owners face it. This applies to tap water and the one that is extracted from wells. As you know, iron can give water a dull orange color and a very unpleasant taste. Among other things, such elements are bad for human health. For this reason, water treatment becomes a mandatory measure to prevent problems with technology and health. About cleaning methods will be described below.

Iron in water

De-ironing of water from the well is not required when this substance contains no more than 0.3 mg / l. If the parameters are increased to 5 mg / l, then special filters should be installed. Groundwater contains dissolved ferrous iron. After contact of the liquid with air, the substance passes into the trivalent form, which contributes to the appearance of rust familiar to all. If the parameters mentioned above increase above 0.3 mg / l, rusty spots will remain in the water. This adversely affects the laundry washed in such water and the plumbing.

As practice shows, such water can seem quite transparent and clean. If the iron content increases to 1 mg / l, then it becomes cloudy, will turn yellow and will have a metallic taste. De-ironing of water from the well is required for the reason that this substance quickly covers the inner surface of the pipes, leaving a sediment. This spoils the enamel and disables the technique. If you consume such water, then liver and kidney problems may develop, and an allergy may occur. The only correct way to deal with rust is the installation of a filter.

Iron removal of water

De-ironing of water from a well can be done in several ways. The most modern technique reads a non-reagent purification, which involves the saturation of water with oxygen. In this case, forced aeration and a compressor are used. Additional reagents are not required, which makes the system cheap in operation. Reagentless purification is effective when the concentration of iron is no more than 10 mg / l.

Use of oxidants and coagulation

De-ironing of water, the price of which will be presented below, can also be carried out with the use of oxidizers, which are used in filters. The main active component in this case is sodium hypochlorite, ozone or potassium permanganate. Reagent deironing is used in those cases when the concentration of dissolved iron is more than 10 mg / l. Sometimes such a technique is also applicable with a low value of Ph.

If you decide to use reagent filters, you should be prepared to ensure that they require regular maintenance, and their maintenance is more expensive. De-ironing of water from the well is also realized by the principle of coagulation. This method is reagent, and the water in it is treated with substances that cause particles of contaminants to stick together and form flakes. The latter are delayed filters.

Installation of catalytic oxidation

This filtration system is most popular in private houses and cottages, as well as in small industrial enterprises. The unit for catalytic oxidation has compact dimensions and is characterized by high productivity. Oxidation of iron occurs inside the tank with the help of special pellets, which have catalytic characteristics.

There are a huge number of backfill materials that have a natural or synthetic origin. When such a de-ironing station works, the oxidized iron will settle on the surface of the filter, which will be cleaned by periodic rinsing. In this case, the sediment is washed into the sewage system. Wash filters are sensitive to low temperatures. If the mark of the thermometer drops below 0 °, then the equipment may fail. Therefore, such installations should be used only under appropriate conditions.

Reverse osmosis units

Methods of deferring water from the well may be different. Among them, one can distinguish the technology of reverse osmosis, when the concentration of iron in water is rather moderate. This water comes under pressure through a membrane, which delays up to 99% of dissolved substances. This method relates to reagentless and is often used in a low-performance filter device.

If there is a need to purify large volumes of water, then reverse osmosis installations will be economically impractical. However, for small houses and apartments such devices are ideal, since the costs for their maintenance are low, despite the fact that the membranes require periodic replacement and chemical washing.

For reference

The deironing station described above, which operates on the basis of the reverse osmosis method, is especially good when, in addition to iron, it is necessary to remove other specific impurities, while decreasing the mineralization of water. As a rule, it is used in large industries.

Devices with the use of ion-exchange resins

Iron can be eliminated with a granular ion exchange resin, while the harmful substance is retained in the ion exchanger, and instead of it sodium ions are released into the solution. From the liquid, salts, strontium, manganese, barium, and also radium are removed. Thus, the ion exchange water deironing system is universal, which should be considered a great advantage.

Installations based on biological treatment

Such filters are used in the work of the ability of microorganisms to purify water from impurities. Sometimes this method is the only possible one. This applies to cases where the concentration exceeds the value of 40 mg / l. A filter based on biological purification can also be used when there is a rather high content of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide in the water. When the liquid passes through the biofilter, it undergoes sorption purification, during which the products of the vital activity of bacteria are retained, and the substance undergoes ultraviolet disinfection.

Cartridges and filters for electrochemical aeration

If you need an iron filter, you can pay attention to electromagnetic cartridges, which are related to installations using the new method. Its essence lies in the fact that in the first stage the liquid is processed by ultrasound, and then passes through the electromagnetic apparatus of a mechanical cartridge with quartz sand. The electromagnetic field is able to separate iron oxides, while the filter barrier holds them.

The most modern water deironing plant is one that operates on the basis of electrochemical aeration. In this case, the liquid is treated with air streams, and after dissolved iron passes into the form of an oxidized substance that turns into flakes and settles on the surface of the filter. Oxygen is formed during the electrochemical reaction from water molecules. There are no chemical reagents in the filter. As a result, it is possible to obtain oxygen-enriched water that is free of unpleasant odors and foreign impurities. Such a cartridge of deironing water from the well is suitable for a significant iron content, whose volume per liter is 30 mg. This technology is more profitable and energy efficient than all the others. Aeration plants are small in size, able to operate autonomously and do not require periodic maintenance.

Equipment and cost

The deironing water system can be quite expensive equipment, but its use justifies the high cost. For sale, for example, you can find a set of BPR equipment for HC SZHV R, which has a manual control unit. The cost of the device is 20,200 rubles. The productivity can vary from 0.3 to 2 m ³ / h.

Such devices can be used when the initial content of soluble iron in water does not exceed 1.5 mg / l. In this case, Ph of water should not be more than 6.8. The use of this equipment, when the water contains hydrogen sulfide, requires the installation of a pressureless storage device in front of the filter for water aeration.

Description of the complete set of equipment БПР УВ СЖ SF

If you need a filter from iron, then you can buy equipment that costs 14500 rubles. Its performance can vary within the same limits as the installation described above. However, the initial compound of soluble iron in water should not be more than 1 mg / l. In this case, Ph can be greater than 7.2. In the liquid, there should be no oil products and hydrogen sulphide. The filtration unit includes a housing, a manual control unit, a drainage and distribution system, a filter load, and a sorbent.