Integrated work in the preparatory group and in the senior

The question of the development of the cognitive activity of preschool children and junior schoolchildren was raised by teachers and educators as early as the end of the seventies of the 20th century. The problem was caused by the fact that children came to school who did not perceive the world as a whole. First-graders could not link several academic disciplines to find the answer to the question posed by the teacher. Teachers began actively searching for ways to eliminate this problem, from that moment there appeared integrated classes in the DOW.

Integrated approach in the education of preschool children

At the present time, the topic of applying an integrated approach to preschool education is again raised. The Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation adopted official decrees according to which integrated training sessions on GEF should be conducted in all kindergartens.

The relevance of the approach

The relevance of such mixed studies is that differentiation of skills of pedagogical workers in approaches to creating an ideal model of preschool educational and educational process is realized. Any integrated occupation in the senior group of the kindergarten is aimed at preparing the kids for school life, forming the versatile personality of the child.

On combining the content of education of preschool children

Synthesis of different sciences contributes to the selection, the uniform distribution of educational material, the search for related educational areas, the selection of the most important aspects. The training summary of the integrated study on phagus presupposes an interdisciplinary exchange of knowledge and skills, which includes mandatory reflection. At the end of each session, the educator receives feedback, so that he analyzes the degree of mastering of the material by the students, determines those moments that need to be analyzed again.

Any integrated occupation in the senior group of a pre-school institution is held on a summary that must comply with all the requirements of the Federal Educational Standards. In addition to staging a three-pronged goal - educational, educational, developmental - in the synopsis, all the skills and abilities that the child must master during the lesson are prescribed. It also indicates the planned results: training, education.

Aspects of pre-school combined education

In their works GF Hegel, I. Ya. Lerner note the relevance of combining several branches in the education of preschool children. An open, integrated occupation in the kindergarten means demonstrating to the participants the complex skills received by pupils. In the course of such studies, the child develops a creative socio-cultural experience, he learns to transfer the information received in the lesson to different life situations.

This approach is necessary for the development of the emotional-value relationship of the child to the surrounding people, living nature.

Any integrated occupation in the preparatory group is necessary for the harmonious development of the child's personality.

What are the main aspects of preschool education?

The knowledge gained in the course of the lesson helps to formulate a scientific world outlook for preschoolers . Integrated work in the preparatory group helps to find their own solutions, teaches the child to "answer" for their actions. Children perceive themselves as active participants in such activities, learn to work in groups.

Activities

Sections of the program, which is approved in each DOW, are aimed at developing the cognitive activity of children. As one of the manifestations of the basic component of preschool education, we note the presence in all educational areas of the following aspects:

• Practical significance. It is precisely these sections that play an accumulating role in the formation of cognitive interest.

• Use of information technology. The technology of the integrated class involves the use of multimedia presentations, video fragments.

To create a close connection and effective rapprochement of different directions, educators try to allocate several priority directions in the programs.

The integrated occupation in the younger group of DMs is possible in the following areas:

1. Development of speech skills. This skill will be required for preschoolers in the next life. Such an integrated occupation in the younger group is aimed at the systematization and expansion of the vocabulary of schoolchildren. As a result, preschoolers form a competent and structured speech.

2. The technology of integrated employment allows to familiarize preschool children with the surrounding world, systematize and deepen knowledge of natural phenomena, develop cognitive motivation. The lesson helps to form an interest in various phenomena and processes. Such integrated work in the preparatory group implies the use of elements: experiment, modeling, observation, analysis, discussion, reading. Such productive activity is aimed at forming the speech culture of future schoolchildren.

3. Preparation for knowledge. The integrated work in the preparatory group allows to prepare preschool children for training: to develop speech hearing, to form sound synthesis and analysis, to develop sensory language communication, to acquaint children with the meaning of words. In the classroom, the child learns to make full sentences.

   In the course of role-playing games, which can include an integrated class in mathematics, productive activity is carried out, children realize their impressions, knowledge, emotional state. A staged trip to the store, helps the kids demonstrate their communicative qualities. Joint creative activity develops not only mathematical skills, but also speech, attention, memory.

Musical education

A combined musical education is available for preschool children. It is when listening to music, discussing the melodies heard, the teacher teaches children to create mental images. If an integrated lesson in mathematics assumes the formation of logic, then the study of music fully contributes to the development of creative thinking, the ability to correlate expressive images with literary descriptions. Such kinds of art as graphics, painting, sculpture, help the teacher to involve children in the world of beauty. When learning songs, the vocabulary of preschool children is filled up. In the course of the lessons the children get acquainted with artistic works, learn to distinguish ballet from opera, painting from sculpture. Numerous legends and myths, with which music is rich, act as a core, uniting around itself all kinds of modern art.

On musical lessons, memory, observation, attention of children develop, the connection of music with mobile games, allows to increase coordination of movements. Role-playing games used in pre-school classes help to develop a vision for the children around the world through sounds, colors, bright musical images. Drawing and modeling contribute to the development of fine motor skills of the hands, in the absence of it, it will be difficult for children to learn how to write beautifully.

Integration Options

According to the results of the research conducted in the Dow, the best result is achieved by combining mathematics and music, drawing and developing speech, reading works of fiction and acquaintance with the outside world.

Features of combined classes in kindergarten

The methodical literature used in the DOW presupposes a certain construction of combined exercises. As a subject in this class choose multifaceted objects, which are considered from the point of view of different sciences. The structure of the lesson uses a combination of spiral, concentric, linear models. This combination allows you to make changes to the content of the program, adjust the training hours.

1. Introduction. This part of the exercise involves creating a certain problem situation that will stimulate preschool children to find ways to solve it. For example, the teacher asks the children about the possibility of life on earth without oxygen and water. It is on how clearly the goals are set, the final result of the whole activity depends.

2. Main part. Children get new skills, knowledge, skills, without which it is impossible to solve the task set by the mentor. This section assumes the use of visual material, presentations, fragments, collections. During this stage, the children enrich the vocabulary, learn to answer questions, ask them.

3. Final part. In order for children to have the opportunity to apply their knowledge in practice, practical work is necessarily used at each class in kindergarten. Updating of the received knowledge is carried out by means of modeling, drawing, didactic games.

Combined classes allow preschoolers to give a bright and wide view of the world around them. Such exercises are needed to create a relationship between objects and phenomena. Only during such events children are formed mutual assistance, awareness of the multifaceted artistic and material culture. The main emphasis of preschool education is not on the assimilation of specific knowledge, but on the development of creative thinking of preschool children

The Importance of Occupations

Integration also presupposes the obligatory development of the creative activity of the personality, thanks to which it is possible to combine several branches of knowledge in the course of classes. Among the distinctive features of any integrated occupation in kindergarten, specialists note the synthesis of practical and theoretical content. The lesson is built not only on the inner, but also on the external integration of objects. For this purpose, the same object under study is considered immediately from several positions, a general conclusion is made about the properties, characteristics, application of the object under study.

Methods of preparing for the lesson

Prior to the beginning of work on integrated learning in the DU, the following activities are carried out:

• The area of knowledge is defined, where integration will be rationally used;

• The content is selected taking into account the age characteristics of children;

• Thought objectives and goals;

• Variants of practical activity are determined.

Conclusion

It is mixed studies in different groups of pre-school educational institutions - an effective tool for the formation of the child's personality and teacher. Such activities help educators to constantly improve their professional competence. They help to reduce the static load, because they involve a combination of various options for activities. They allow you to use during the lesson not only the study or the hall, but also the entire territory of the kindergarten, because in such activities mobile role-playing and story games are always included. Children attending kindergarten are happy to carry out assignments offered by mentors during various integrated activities.