Humidity is one of the main parameters of the environment, affecting the storage and processing of various types of raw materials and finished products. Therefore, the measurement of air humidity is an indispensable process in production. Currently, many doctors recommend monitoring the degree of humidity of the air and the house, as the moisture readings are reflected in the well-being of the person, especially young children. It is recommended to maintain this parameter in the room at a level of 50-70%. To determine the humidity of air using a special device - a hygrometer or, as it is called, a moisture meter.
Hygrometers are of different types, which differ in the principle of action. Distinguish absolute, hair hygrometers and hygrometers psychrometric. Also there are instruments whose action is based on the determination of the dew point. The main and most frequently used is the hygrometer psychrometric. It allows you to measure not only the humidity level, but also the temperature. Hygrometer psychrometric allows you to determine the relative humidity in %. It is the base on which there is a scale with divisions and two capillaries fixed. The base of one of the capillaries is wound with a cloth wick, the end of which is lowered into a glass flask. Pour water into the flask before determining the moisture content. The scale of the hygrometer is graduated in degrees Celsius. The measurement is based on the difference in air temperatures shown by the "dry" and "wet" capillaries. Each hygrometer is also equipped with a psychrometric table, which determines the relative humidity of the air from the difference in the temperature readings.
To measure the humidity of the air, the hygrometer, the psychrometric, should be installed in an upright position at eye level in such a place that its readings are most accurate, that is, that there are no sources of heat or vibrating parts in the vicinity. It is necessary to pour water into the flask. It must be ensured that the wick does not come in contact with the walls of the bulb. Then it is necessary to wait until the temperature difference is established, it will take more than thirty minutes. When using a hygrometer, you need to be careful, since the capillaries are made of thin glass and can break.
The most commonly used is the psychrometric hygrometer VIT-2. Its body is made of plastic. Toluene is the liquid inside the capillaries. The range of humidity measurement is 20 - 90%, and temperature 20 - 40 0 C. This hygrometer has low cost, simple measurement, wide coverage of humidity values - this determines its prevalence. To measure humidity at lower temperatures, a VIT-1 hygrometer is used. It allows the determination in the temperature range from 5 to 25 0 С.
The hygrometer is a necessary device not only in production, but also in residential premises, since the humidity of the air must be within the limits of the norm, because excessive air dryness adversely affects the condition of the mucous membranes, skin, and also increases the level of dust, which can cause severe allergic Reaction.