How to change the cartridge on a drill? Instructions for working with a drill

Drill is an indispensable tool in the arsenal of a home master or professional. This equipment allows drilling holes of different thicknesses. There are several varieties of such tools. Today there are both hand and electric drills. Each master must know how to use this tool correctly.

During long-term operation, the equipment may fail. следует узнать перед началом работы. How to change the cartridge on a drill, you should know before you start. In this case, even a beginner can correctly repair his tool.

User's manual

предполагает, что мастер тщательно ознакомился с инструкцией по эксплуатации этого инструмента. Working with the drill assumes that the wizard has thoroughly studied the instructions for using this tool. This will prevent many breakdowns. Also note the type of tool. On sale today are presented hand and electric drills. They can differ in size, power and additional features.

Before work with a drill, you need to examine the wall for the presence of hidden in its thickness communications. These can be electric wires or pipes. A metal detector will help to detect such objects. The hole will always be slightly larger than the diameter of the drill. This must be taken into account when selecting fasteners.

It should be ensured that when drilling (especially metal), the drill does not slip. This will avoid its breakdown. For ceramic surfaces, a patch is recommended at the drilling site. The drill should be perpendicular to the wall.

Types of cartridges

There are several types of cartridges. This must be taken into account before repairing the tool. In the electric drill is most often used quick-action chucks. They make it easy to change drills in the process. This kind of cartridge, for example, has an electric drill "Makita", "Bosch", "Hitachi", etc. Do not buy cheap models with such a device. They quickly deteriorate.

For impact drills, cams are used. They are stable even when working in harsh conditions. Installation of the drill is performed in such systems with a special key.

There is also a third category of cartridges. These are collet SDS-cartridges. There are 2 grooves in their shank. The drill is screwed into it and fixed with a stop ball. Also in this cartridge there are 4 grooves. Two of them are necessary for the wedges of the guides. The other two grooves perform reliable fixing of the tooling. In this cartridge, the spindle is automatically locked after installation.

Mounting type

, нельзя не отметить способы их крепления. Considering the types of cartridges for a drill , one can not but note the ways of fixing them. There are two main methods. The fixing can be carried out by means of a threaded connection or on a cone.

In the first variant, there is a thread on the shaft and inner channel. It can be metric or inch (depending on the manufacturer). In order to make the connection durable, a special screw is installed inside the shaft. It has a left thread. It is unscrewed clockwise.

In the second variant of fixation, the Morse cone is used. The end of the shaft has a characteristic shape. It is made in the form of a cone. The internal channel has the same form. It is at the end of the shaft that the cartridge is installed. This variant of fastening is more often found in screwdrivers.

Marking

When repairing the drill, you can determine the type of attachment of the cartridge to the marking. If the system has a threaded connection, the corresponding information will be printed on the housing. The metric thread is indicated by the letter "M". The figure, which is indicated after the letter, means the diameter of the connection. и его минимальное значение хвостовика (например, диапазон 1-15 мм). Also indicated is the maximum diameter of the drill chuck and its minimum shank value (for example, a range of 1-15 mm). The last digit indicated in the marking indicates the thread pitch.

For the inch system, the designation in the UNF marking is used. Before proceeding with the repair of the equipment, it is necessary to check carefully whether the fastening of the new part corresponds to the parameters set by the manufacturer. Almost all foreign instruments use an inch system.

The tapered joint is marked with the letter "B" and a number (this is the size of the shaft end). At this rate, when choosing a new part, you should also pay attention.

When do I need to change the cartridge?

Repairing the drill "Makita", "Hitachi", "Stanley", "Bosch", you should first of all read the manufacturer's instructions. This will help to do the job well. The cartridge must hold the drill firmly. This allows drilling holes with a certain accuracy.

Over time, the clamping mechanism wears out. This applies to the seat of the cartridge on the shaft. He starts to beat. The working area starts to fluctuate when the equipment works. This hole is obtained with deviations in both diameter and location.

The wear of the mechanism does not allow the clamping of the drill in the chuck. It will stop when the load increases. To eliminate such problems, you have to replace the clamping mechanism.

Replacing the threaded chuck

должна выполняться в соответствии с типом конструкции. Replacing the cartridge on the drill must be carried out in accordance with the type of construction. To remove the threaded connection, use a screwdriver. With it, the spindle screw is unscrewed. It is inside the drill. The screw must be unscrewed completely and removed from the spindle. This element has a left thread. Therefore, it should be turned clockwise.

The cartridge, on the other hand, has the right thread. To remove it, you need to unscrew this element of the construction counter-clockwise.

Sometimes the screw is very tightly screwed. Manually dismantling it can be quite difficult. In this case, tap the screwdriver with a hammer, when it is installed in the groove on the fastening element. You can also use a gas or carob wrench. The first of them should grasp the cartridge, and the second - to fix the spindle.

Difficulty when replacing a threaded chuck

не может помочь демонтировать конструкцию инструмента. Sometimes even a key for a drill chuck can not help dismantle the design of the tool. In this case, you can use several more approaches. If the cartridge clamping jaws are working, you can use a larger hexagon. This will help make more effort. In this case, the spanner must be secured with the spanner.

The design of the cartridge of modern electric drills does not imply the use of additional equipment. However, this does not mean that it will be easier to change the cartridge. The clamping mechanism in this case is difficult to dismantle.

Sometimes it is necessary to disassemble the tool body. This will allow you to reach the hidden spindle inside it. When assembled, this element can be hidden deep in the body. After dismounting and replacing the cartridge, the structure is assembled in the reverse order. In this case, you do not need to apply additional keys.

If, for some reason, the screw inside is damaged, it can be replaced. In this case, it is recommended to purchase a cartridge adapter. It is sold for a cam-type tool. A screw is supplied with the adapter.

Replacing the cone chuck

, следует рассмотреть такую разновидность, как конусный зажимной механизм. Considering how to change the cartridge on a drill , you should consider a variation such as a conical clamping mechanism. In this case, the procedure will be fairly simple. You can use a special device. It is used for the dismantling of bearings.

To remove the clamping mechanism of the cone type, the drill is placed vertically. Its drill must be directed downwards. On the entire surface of the cartridge it is necessary to knock with a hammer. At the same time, the clamping mechanism will gradually become out of its seat.

After that, the conical connection must be cleaned and sanded with fine sandpaper. After this, the new cartridge will easily fit into its place. It is fixed with a light hammer blow from above.

Causes of problems with the clamping mechanism

по применению которой должна изучаться мастером перед началом работы, требует правильной эксплуатации. A drill, the instruction for use of which must be studied by the master before starting work, requires proper operation. In this case, many problems can be avoided.

Today, most electrical varieties of similar equipment are equipped with a cartridge type SDS. It was developed by Bosch. This device is not very accurate. However, this mechanism allows drilling holes even in hard materials. In this case, the tool is operated with impact. In this case, the accuracy of drilling will not be achieved. For this, a special adapter is used.

If it is necessary to drill an exact hole in wood, metal, plastic, a special nozzle is used. It is produced for both a quick-clamping and a cam-type chuck.

It should be remembered that the drill can not be milled. In this case, the cartridge will not be able to withstand the lateral load. It is also necessary to pay attention to the correct selection of the drill, its sharpening, as well as the marking of the drilling center (using a core).

Drill service

Periodically, the tool is required to maintain, change old parts, lubricate moving parts. . In this case, you also need to learn how to change the cartridge on a drill . The cone chuck must be turned upwards with a nozzle. It is covered with wooden gaskets and clamped in a vice.

The nut is unscrewed and the bearing is dismantled. The washer is pulled out. Then you can get the cartridge from the vice. The adjusting clutch is manually twisted. Cams need to get out of the guides.

After dismantling, all details of the clamping mechanism must be inspected, the worn parts should be replaced. Then the mechanism is assembled in the reverse order. All moving parts are greased with grease.

Other problems when dismantling

Sometimes in the process of dismantling, there are other problems. , нужно разобрать механизм и произвести его полную чистку, смазку. For example, if the drill chuck jammed , it is necessary to disassemble the mechanism and make its complete cleaning, lubrication. Especially, such troubles appear after the drilling of the ceiling. Pollution spills inside the cartridge. In this case, it can jam.

If the cartridge flies, it will be necessary to increase the tension in the conical connection. For this, the mechanism needs to be heated to 110 ° C in the oven. After that, it is placed on a cold seat. After such a procedure the cartridge will not fly.

Beating may also occur when the tool is operating. It arises from the wear of the cone base or the uneven destruction of the cam surfaces. In this case, replacement of old system elements is required.

практически каждый мастер сможет отремонтировать инструмент для продолжения ремонтных или строительных работ. After considering how to change the cartridge on a drill, almost every master will be able to repair the tool to continue repair or construction work.