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Grapes Amur breakthrough: a description of the variety, features of cultivation and reviews

Amur grapes are naturally found in the Far East (in the forests) and in the northern provinces of China. It has powerful vines covered with brown bark, wrinkled matte green leaves that acquire a beautiful red-brown color in autumn.

Wild Amur grape settles near rivers and streams. Berries in diameter about two centimeters, dark purple, almost black with different flavor accents. In the wild, the plant has female and male types of flowers. Lianas with bisexual inflorescences grow very rarely. Grapes of female type of flowering bear berries without pits. Flowering begins in the second half of May. Fully mature bunches in late September.

This grapes can be divided into three ecotypes:

  • Southern;
  • northern;
  • Chinese.

In the cultivation of this plant a special role was played by the breeder AI Potapenko. One of the first he decided to cultivate noble varieties from a wild vine. And I must say that his idea, picked up by followers, allowed to create numerous Amur varieties and forms of grapes that are characterized by frost resistance and endurance.

Popular hybrids

Amur grapes today are represented by a huge number of varieties. Below we will present you the most popular and well-proven varieties.

Marinovsky

Medium-sized bunches mature in early September. The berries are small, slightly elongated. Thin skins are dark blue. They have a delicate aroma, and the taste is not very expressive.

Amethyst

Quite a powerful plant, which is characterized by oboedolost. On one run, four bunches ripen. The berries fully ripen in late August. They are very juicy and sweet, the skin is colored in a dark blue color. The clusters are large, the berries are medium in size, roundish. The fruits of this variety do not affect the wasps. This variety gives the first harvest for the next year after planting. Most of the fungal diseases characteristic of grapes are stable.

Triumph

The plant is quite powerful. Fruits ripen in late August. They are painted in a dark pink color and are quite large in size. The variety is distinguished by its excellent taste qualities. Yield increases with the age of the plant.

Agat Donskoy

Many wine growers believe that this variety has the most juicy and delicious berries. Great juices and wines are made from them. The plant is obese with high resistance to common diseases.

Neretinsky

The variety has functional female flowers. Pollinators can be Amethyst, Agate, Marinovsky and other bisexual forms. The wine, prepared from berries of this grade, has a chocolate flavor. Berries ripen in late August. Often fruiting for the second year.

New Russian

Extra-early table sort. Fruits ripen in late July. Powerful and bisexual variety. The berries are oval in shape with a red skin. It has a special spring taste. The pulp is juicy and fleshy.

Amur Breakthrough

This, without exaggeration, is the most popular variety. It is for this reason that we will talk more about it.

Grapes Amur breakthrough: a description of the variety, reviews

This brand has two more author's names - Odin and Potapenko-7. According to the experienced wine growers, the variety is distinguished by its unpretentiousness, endurance and simplicity in care.

He deduced AI Potapenko on the basis of Amurian natural forms. Grapes Amur breakthrough is characterized by a powerful growth force and unusual foliage, which in autumn acquires an elegant crimson color. Thanks to these decorative properties, the variety, in the opinion of wine growers, can be successfully used in landscape design.

External Features

Outwardly the grapes of the Amur breakthrough resemble a very powerful deciduous vine covered with rather loose bunches. With the help of antennae, the grapes climb up nearby buildings. This variety is characterized by a high rate of shoot formation. In a year the growth of a plant can be up to 2.5 meters.

Vines

The bark covering the vine is dark. On old shoots, it flakes. On young branches it is green or reddish. In autumn it becomes red-brown.

Leaves

Grapes Amur breakthrough, the description of which can now be found in almost all the reference books on gardening and viticulture, forms quite large leaves of light green color. They have a round or elongated shape, along the edges with small sharp denticles.

The inside of the sheet is covered with soft down. In autumn the foliage turns purple-red, thanks to this variety is often used to decorate fences, arbors. Leaf fall begins in the first days of October.

Bloom

Grapes Amur breakthrough starts to bloom early in May with small racemose inflorescences having a yellowish tinge. They are inconspicuous, but they have a pleasant delicate aroma and produce a large amount of nectar.

Berries

Variety of grapes Amur breakthrough is famous for its gustatory qualities, although many believe that northern varieties must necessarily be sour and small, suitable only for making compotes.

Berries are round in shape with a dark purple or dark pink dense skin that literally glows in the sun, about a half centimeter in diameter and weighing up to four grams. The fruits of this grapes are characterized by a high sugar content (23%). This figure is considered high even for many southern table varieties.

The weight of bunches largely depends on the conditions of cultivation. The average weight of the bunch is 400 grams, but some wine growers manage to grow kilogram bunches. One bush is removed from 10 kg of berries and more. The fruits are pleasantly refined taste and can be used for consumption, both fresh and for use in the preparation of wine, jam, compotes and jams. From seeds, a coffee substitute is made and a fragrant oil is produced.

Frost resistance

Without exaggeration, we can say that the grapes of the Amur breakthrough is a champion in winter hardiness. It's amazing, but adult bushes can winter without shelter and carry frosts to -40 ° C. However, young vines better hide from severe frosts. Grape strips should be removed for winter from the trellis to cover the snow.

Very low temperatures can kill a third of the vine, but the plant is instantly restored and well-fruited. It is these qualities that have made the Amur grapes so popular. The seedlings will not be difficult to buy in Moscow. In the Moscow region, you can increasingly see this grapes.

Peculiarities of growing

The unpretentious and hardy grapes of the Amur breakthrough require observance of the simplest rules when planting and leaving. You can grow it in the following ways:

  • Seeds;
  • Layering;
  • Cuttings.

Seeds remain viable for five years. The germination rate averages 60%. However, in this case there is a risk of loss of varietal qualities. Vine, which is grown from seeds, fruiting late, almost five years later.

Seeds are planted in autumn in a depth of one and a half centimeters. Before planting, they are soaked. In the spring they can be planted in pots and grown at home until they sprout and become seedlings.

However, most gardeners prefer to plant in the summer seedlings of grapes Amur breakthrough. The bottom of the landing pit, a depth of fifty centimeters, is covered with a ten-centimeter layer of rubble, then the soil, fertilizers and the top soil layer are poured.

The Amur breakthrough is undemanding to the quality of the soil. The description of the variety, given by AI Potapenko, at the same time emphasizes the fact that the variety grows best and fructifies on acidic, well-moistened soil. If your site is alkaline, then it can be acidified by adding turf or peat. Saplings after planting abundantly watered.

Watering

This variety is very in need of moisture. In Primorye, usually there is no shortage of it, and in more arid regions, where today this grapes are cultivated, it needs timely watering. For irrigation, the use of warm water is recommended, especially for the fruiting period. In a too dry summer grapes Amur breakthrough watered twice a week abundantly.

Healing properties

We hope that you have learned a lot of interesting things about Amur grapes (planting, leaving). The healing properties of this plant, too, can not be left without attention. Amur grapes are a unique plant, one of the survivors of the glacial period. He adapted to the harshest conditions. This grapes produces more than one hundred and fifty active substances.

The berries contain a lot of B vitamins and pectins, fiber and essential oil, hemicellulose and protein, folic and organic acids, sucrose and antioxidants. In the leaves and peels, a unique substance, resveratrol, was found. It is called the "elixir of youth" for its special ability to slow the aging process. It is a very powerful antioxidant, which has proved its effectiveness in the course of scientific experiments.

From Amur grapes they make medicinal tincture, which helps to fight with many diseases:

  • Heart and vascular disease;
  • diabetes;
  • Benign tumors;
  • immunodeficiency;
  • Some liver pathologies;
  • Varicosity;
  • Angina pectoris;
  • atherosclerosis;
  • hypertension.

To prepare this tincture used petioles, berries or leaves of the plant. If you use berries, they need to be wrung out and leave only dry cake - juice in this case is not needed. It is necessary to pour 500 ml of vodka and insist for a week in a cool and necessarily dark place. Tincture is consumed in the morning, adding a teaspoon to a hundred grams of tea.

From the leaves and petioles at first make a decoction. One hundred grams of raw material is poured into 500 ml of water and brought to a boil. In a hot broth you need to add 100 ml of vodka and the composition to cool. The product is ready for use as soon as it cools. The dose is the same as in the first recipe. Healthy people, this tincture is suitable as a preventive agent. It will improve memory, give strength, improve the condition of hair and skin.

Grapes Amur breakthrough: reviews of gardeners

This variety can be grown not only in the northern regions, but also in the middle belt. Although some wine growers from the suburbs note that it takes root quite hard, but then powerful bushes please the rich harvest of useful and delicious berries.

Contradictory reviews received this sort of resistance to disease. In most reference books, the variety is called complex-resistant, but the vine-growers of the middle band note that the plant is often affected by mildew. Many believe that the Amur breakthrough best shows its qualities in Primorye, where the weather conditions are somewhat smoothed: there are no spring frosts characteristic of the middle belt.

To the indisputable advantages of the variety, gardeners include:

  • Abundant fruiting;
  • Genetically high plasticity;
  • High frost resistance;
  • The ability of the vine to withstand high loads;
  • Early vegetation;
  • Excellent gustatory characteristics of berries;
  • The most valuable medicinal properties inherited from parental varieties.

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