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Geographical position of Canada. Features of natural conditions

Geographical location of Canada Vividly characterize The words of her national motto "from sea to sea" (in Latin "mari usque ad mare"). This is the only country whose coastlines are washed by three oceans: the Arctic, the Pacific and the Atlantic. Canada is the second largest country in the world, it is multifaceted, diverse, diverse in landscapes and natural areas.

General information

Canada in form of state structure is a federal state. It consists of 10 provinces united by the Canadian Constitution (Quebec, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland and Lambrodor, New Brunswick, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island) and 3 territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut). The capital of Canada - Ottawa - is located in the province of Ontario. The official state languages of the country are English and French.

Economic and geographical position of Canada Was determined by the proximity of international transport routes, which contributed significantly to acceleration in the development of its territory and economic development, stimulated trade relations with other states and attracted immigrants to it.

State area 9,984,670 km² covers almost the entire north of the mainland of North America and occupies the Arctic archipelago, one of the largest in the world. The country covers 1/12 of the world's entire land mass, which makes its coastline equal to the three equals, the longest in the world.

The population of Canada in relation to its vast territory is insignificant - 32.2 million people representing different races and cultures. 90% of them live in the southern areas, stretching mainly along the border with the United States. A significant part of Canada is of little use for human habitation, including the northern outskirts extending far beyond the Arctic Circle.

The geographical position of Canada, Which has A huge territory with beautiful landscapes, is unusual. On land, it borders only the United States, the sea borders separate it in the northeast of Greenland and in the east - from the French islands of Miquelon and Saint Pierre in the Atlantic Ocean. In the north, Canada extends beyond the Arctic Circle. Here there is a large number of polar islands: Devon, Banks, Victoria, Ellesmere, Newfoundland, Baffinova Land and others. In this region are located Nunavut, Yukon, Northwest Territories. This is the so-called Canadian Arctic.

Physico-geographical areas

The complex and contrasting physical and geographical position of Canada contributed to the creation of variegated vegetation and a variety of vegetation types. It is located in the zone of arctic deserts, tundra, mixed forests, taiga, steppes. Country Are divided into several natural regions: the Appalachians and the Arctic mountains, the Canadian Shield, the internal valleys, the intermountain regions, the Pacific mountain system.

The country of wide open spaces

The northern areas of the Appalachians reach the Maritime provinces, east of Quebec and reach Newfoundland. The geographical position of Canada, This mountainous region, especially in contrast. Here are concentrated ancient rocks of different ages. Most of the region stretches folded mountains, consisting of longitudinal ridges, the tops of which are covered with glaciers. High plateaus are divided by wide valleys. A distinctive feature of the region is the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the largest estuary on earth, connected by straits with the ocean.

The Laurentian plateau occupies a significant part of the country and is part of the ancient crystalline Canadian shield. This is the most inaccessible region for the country, but within its limits are thousands of lakes, the Hudson Bay, which is a kind of inner sea, and the richest deposits of almost all elements of the periodic table.

As part of the Canadian Shield, the Arctic lowland in the north of Alaska and the lowlands of the Hudson Bay are often considered, the surface of which is mostly frozen by permafrost. Here are the largest lakes in Canada - the Great Slave and the Big Bear, each of which connects with the longest river of the country Mackenzie, which collects most of the water drains of the rivers of the Arctic watershed.

Bordered on the west by the Canadian shield, the Great Plains are the breadbasket of Canada. Here the production of wheat and pasture cattle is developed. The region captures steppe provinces and reaches the Pacific coast, where part of one of the greatest mountain systems of the earth, often called the mountainous country - the Cordillera, stretches. Within Canada, they are divided into the Coast Ridge and the Rocky Mountains, where the richest mineral deposits are being developed.

Dream country

The geographical position of Canada, stretching through several natural zones from the arctic deserts, occupying almost the whole of Greenland and the Arctic archipelago, to the forest-steppes and steppes covering the Great Plains, determined the diversity and richness of its natural conditions and resources. This served as a favorable factor in the economic development of the country. And the availability of exits to the Pacific and Atlantic oceans favored the increase of its status in the system of international relations and in the key international organizations of nearby regions.

A high standard of living, a well-developed economy, a system of education and health, clean and safe modern cities, many different cultures - this is not the whole list of advantages that distinguish Canada. In 1992, the UN proclaimed it "the most attractive country for human life."

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