Gasoline is ... Types of gasoline, their features

The car is a complex system of mechanisms that require proper care and compliance with operating recommendations. They are set by the manufacturer and indicated in detail in the form of a list in the instructions.

Gasoline is, as you know, fuel. Its quality and basic characteristics depend on the longevity of the car. If the fuel is selected in accordance with the requirements of the engine, the engine will require repair or replacement for a while. Therefore, using high-quality gasoline with the required set of characteristics, the driver can significantly reduce the cost of maintaining his car.

Today there are many varieties of fuel for the engine. In what their difference, will help to understand the advice of experienced car enthusiasts and technologists. Make the right choice in this case will be easy.

general characteristics

Gasoline is a mixture obtained as a result of distillation of oil. It is designed for internal combustion engines. Ignition in the system is forced. Gasoline "Ford", "Opel", "Lada", etc. can differ in a number of characteristics. This is due to the difference in the composition of the fuel.

The gasoline boils off when heated from 28 to 215 ºС. There are automobile and aviation varieties. In recent years, the requirements to the environmental cleanliness of gasoline have significantly increased. Therefore, its composition reduced the amount of sulfur compounds, as well as aromatic hydrocarbons.

The main characteristics that determine the field of application of fuel for cars are the fractional composition, detonation and chemical stability, saturated vapor pressure, etc. Before buying a particular variety, you should familiarize yourself with the basic properties of the fuel.

Detonation resistance and octane number

The flame in the engine propagates normally at a speed of 20-30 m / s. In some cases, it can significantly increase (up to 1500-2500 m / s). At this point, detonation occurs. It affects the operation of the engine. A wave is formed, which creates gasoline. "Opel", "Peugeot", "Mercedes" or a car of any other brand in the event of such a situation begins to overspend the fuel.

Detonation reduces engine power. At the same time, its exhaust valves and pistons burn out. To denote the resistance of the fuel to detonation, use the octane number. To determine it in the process of developing and creating gasoline, the manufacturer conducts tests under loaded and light conditions.

Methods for determining the octane number

Gasoline is a fuel that, when the engine is running, mixes with air in a certain proportion. The octane number can be determined in two main ways. This is a research and a motor method. In the first case, the tests are carried out at low loads, and in the second, at high speeds and heating temperatures.

According to the test method, the types of gasoline are divided into 2 main groups. The first of them may have the letter "AND" in the marking. This means that the octane number was established using the research approach. If the marking includes the letter "A", this means that the detonation limit was measured by the motor method. The octane number can be set by these two methods simultaneously. The marking in this case has the letters "AI".

Classification by octane number

Determined at the gas station with the question "what gasoline is best poured into the engine," we should consider the generally accepted classification of the octane number. It is based on the research method.

According to her, there are 4 types of gasoline. There are "Normal-80", "Regular-92", and also "Super-98" and "Premium-95". Along with the AI-80, the first version is designed for truck engines.

Instead of leaded gasoline A-93 in passenger cars today it is customary to apply "Regular-92". For foreign cars, the engine of which is made according to all European standards and requirements, it is customary to use "Super-98" or "Premium-95". This fuel is able to extend the life of the engine engine of a foreign car, and also fully meets the high environmental requirements.

Quality of gasoline

Owners of foreign cars, for example, Mercedes, Ford, Peugeot, gasoline for which must meet high European standards, are puzzled by the issues of improving the quality of domestic fuel.

In our country there is also a practice of improving the quality of fuel and octane number with the help of special additives. These are antiknock components. To prevent the formation of carbon deposits in the engine, they are used in combination with the dredge.

The antiknock detonators contain lead. Evaporating from the engine with exhaust gases, these substances enter the environment, poisoning it. Therefore, the use of such technologies is a rather questionable method. It is better to initially purchase high quality gasoline, which meets environmental requirements.

Improperly selected fuel

Trying to choose the best gasoline for your car, many drivers still make mistakes. Each manufacturer calibrates the motor for a certain type of mixture. If the whole system, microprocessors and sensors are designed for "Premium-95", the engine will not be able to fully work on the "Normal-80".

In this case, the detonation sensor under loads, sudden acceleration will constantly operate. This causes the motor to run erratically, reducing its dynamics. If the knock sensor is not working properly, the power unit may overheat. The valve and the pistons are destroyed much faster. The fuel consumption starts to increase. Repair of the engine and other systems will cost more than constantly refueling the car with gasoline of the required class.

How to evaluate the quality of gasoline?

Unfair sellers can independently change the chemical composition of the fuel in order to obtain greater profits. In order not to become a victim of deception, it is necessary to purchase fuel from trusted implementers.

Gasoline is, as you know, the consumable material on which the car's performance depends. On its quality can not be saved. Check can be done by yourself. To do this, the gasoline is poured into a transparent container. The substance must be pale yellow without any admixtures.

If you add manganese to the tank, the fuel should not turn pink. Otherwise, a change in color indicates dilution with water. At some branded gas stations, gasoline is colored by various means in order to avoid fakes.

If you put a drop of fuel on the palm and rub it, there should not be a greasy trace. Otherwise, this indicates an admixture of diesel fuel. Also, any odor, uncharacteristic for petroleum products, should be alarmed.

Chemical properties of good gasoline

In search of an answer to the question of how much gasoline should be poured into the tank, you need to carefully study the instruction manual. These parameters are clearly defined by the manufacturer in this document.

When burning, the maximum amount of heat should be released. And the thermodynamic characteristics should also be high. Quality gasoline is easily pumped through pipelines and engine mechanisms. This indicator should not decrease in conditions of low temperatures, dustiness. The optimum evaporation rate allows long-term storage of gasoline and ensures its rapid ignition while the engine is running.

Also a good product protects the elements of the system from corrosion. Modern high-quality fuel to everything else should be environmentally friendly. Elements of decay should not poison the environment.

Expert opinion

To buy high-quality gasoline, experts advise to adhere to a number of recommendations. This will avoid deception on the part of sellers, keep the engine running for a long time. First of all, you need to pay attention to the reputation of the implementor. At gas stations that cherish their name, they will never sell low-grade gasoline.

In such points of fuel sales, there must be a corner of the buyer, as well as the relevant documentation on the right to sell gasoline. Even on old, but high-quality refuellings, repairs are carried out, there is a corresponding marking, warning signs and signposts.

Unnecessarily low cost of gasoline should be alarmed. On the quality of this product, as already mentioned above, it is not worth saving.

Taking into account the recommendations of experts and technologists, it can be concluded that gasoline is a fuel for an internal combustion engine, on the correct choice of which depends on the longevity of the engine.