LawState and Law

Executive power

In the conditions of modern development, according to the constitutions of different states, the executive power belongs to the head of the country and / or the government. In some countries, for example, in the US, it is endowed only with the head of state (president). In other states, executive power belongs only to the government. It is (delegated) to officials and bodies of lower rank.

In many states, in fact, the executive (only formally belongs to the head (president or monarch)). In constitutional monarchies and republics (parliamentary), its implementation lies with the government. In semi-presidency republics (mixed type), the government reports to the head of the country, in whose hands general control over executive activity is concentrated, while the executive power itself, according to the constitution, can only be held by the government.

The tasks of this branch of management include the implementation of laws. In other words, the executive is an enforcement power.

The bodies that make up the structure of this administrative branch are not limited only by the implementation of laws. They also carry out administrative activities. This, in turn, is necessary to ensure performance tasks. In addition, the bodies of the execution structure publish normative documents on the implementation and application of law and law.

At the same time, the executive bodies are also endowed with independent powers to create norms that can go beyond the administrative and executive activities with regard to the application of the law. Often such regulations have more than law, meaning. Thus, certain types of executive bodies (the president, ministers, the government) have regular authority (the power to regulate the internal life of the country) and create a large number of acts and norms to control the most important social spheres.

On the ground, the application of the law and the law is carried out by the heads of subjects (governors) in the federation. Local governments are also being formed.

In comparison with judicial and representative bodies, the structure of executive bodies is made in a single vertical. According to the system, the subordinate bodies and officials are subordinate to the ones above and are obliged to comply with their orders, and not only the norms of the law. In this case, acts adopted by subordinate structures can be abolished by the structures above.

In the presidential and semi- presidential republics , the posts of prime ministers are formed. The Prime Minister is a position separated from the president. From the conduct of the head of state, many executive functions are legally removed. However, the president remains the main government leader.

The executive branch bodies are ministries and departments. They have special competence in certain areas of public administration. As a rule, these bodies include the Ministries of Labor, Defense, Education, Foreign Affairs, Agriculture, Healthcare and others.

The structure of the ministries presupposes the creation of departments, directorates, departments, departments. Ministers appoint chiefs, their leaders.

In the structure of the state apparatus there is a category of ordinary (teachers, doctors and others) and classified employees. The classified category is endowed with ranks, ranks, special titles, which to a certain extent reflect their financial position and authority.

The bureaucracy has the privilege of irremovability. When ministers or governments change, officials remain in the service. They are prohibited from combining service in the state apparatus with other paid activities, except for teaching, creativity or science. They do not participate in political actions and do not belong to political parties, thus maintaining loyalty to the state.

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