Drainage system around the house with your own hands

Owners of private residential buildings know perfectly well that in order to keep the structure itself and the adjacent territory in good condition, a whole series of communications is needed. In this case, it is very important to note the value that the drainage system has on the site.

General information

The structure in any case should be protected from underflooding by ground and atmospheric water. For this reason, the drainage system around the house is certainly necessary. Next, we'll figure out how to equip it.

Preparatory stage

Before starting to erect a house, it is necessary to conduct an analysis of the soil on which construction is planned. On this depends the optimal choice of the basis for the structure. According to the information received, it will be possible to conclude whether a drainage system is needed around the house.

In which case do you need a drainage system?

Many people ask themselves: "When is a drainage system around the house necessary?" This is necessary if the facility is located in a location where a high groundwater level is observed. Also, a drainage system around the house will be needed on the territory, the soil of which contains a lot of clay. The fact is that this prevents the outflow of melted and rainwater.

Common consequences

Excess moisture can significantly damage the foundation. The result of this problem is the wall subsidence and the inability to open or close doors and windows normally. The constant dampness of the foundation eventually leads to the appearance of mold and fungus. This greatly contributes to the destruction of the entire structure. In addition, residents can acquire various diseases.

Decision-making

Very many are faced with the problem of flooding the basement. In many cases, the only way out is the drainage system of the foundation. It is not difficult to equip it with your own hands. However, it should be taken into account that for its high-quality and reliable construction it is necessary to know the technology of works. In some cases, a strong blind area can quite protect the walls of the house and its foundation from the harmful effects of moisture. Nevertheless, sometimes its arrangement does not become an essential barrier to groundwater. In this case, a drainage foundation system is needed. Thus, water will be diverted away from housing. Before you begin to build a drainage foundation system with your own hands, you need to determine its type. There are trench, vertical and open structures.

A simple option

The most easy to install is an open drainage system.

The scheme of the structure is as follows For installation, it is required to mark the perimeter and dig a drainage ditch over it. Its functional purpose is to collect rainwater from the site. Open ditches are good in areas that are located on level ground, where there are no pronounced slopes. This is especially true in cases where the drainage system of a private house is being equipped with pipes. Water that collects in ditches is taken to a special place or evaporates over time.

Vertical type

This drainage is often called walled. The fact is that its purpose is to divert water directly from the foundation of the house. This prevents flooding of the basement of the building. In this case, the pipes should be located below the floor level. This type is very similar to an open system. However, there are differences. Before such a drainage system of the site will be arranged by one's own hands, the lower part of the residential structure should be excavated at the width of the excavation. There is also a need to install a clay castle. Its width is 0.5-1 m. In this case, the volume of work increases slightly, as it is supplemented with earthworks.

Trench type

The installation of drainage pipes is the most common option because of its high efficiency. They are made of different materials. However, specialists allocate a special drainage perforated pipe. Its use has a lot of advantages, for example, such as:

1. Simple and quick installation of the drainage pipeline.
2. No technical limitations when performing installation work.
3. There is no need for additional fittings and other elements.

Preliminary work

Before the installation of drainage, several preparatory measures are required:

• First of all, it is necessary to primer the outer surface of the base of the building. For this, a bitumen-kerosene solution is used.
• A layer of mastic is applied over it. It should be bituminous. This is done with a spatula.
• Without waiting for the drying of the mastic, it is necessary to drown in it a reinforced mesh made of fiberglass. We are talking about ordinary plastering and painting cells - 2 x 2 mm.
• The first layer of coating will wither after about a day. Then the surface is again processed with mastic. Thus, the reinforcing mesh completely disappears.

Drainage trench type involves the use of special pipes. Therefore, this option is the most difficult and expensive. He should pay special attention.

Subtlety of arrangement

We need to start by preparing the grounds. All height differences are very carefully measured using a laser level. After that, the stakes should be set at the appropriate points. Sand pours on the marks. This provides the required slope for the pipeline. Thanks to these measures, the water is properly drained into the receiving ditch. It is mainly located in a specially constructed drainage well or in a remote location.

Work algorithm

A special geotextile canvas is laid on a previously prepared base. On top of it you should pour the washed gravel. It is necessary to monitor compliance with the slope. In the gravel layer, a groove is required. There it is necessary to lay a drainage perforated pipe. Remember the depth of the ditch. It should be below the freezing level of the soil. In addition to perforated pipes, ditches are also laid solid. This is done to divert water, which drains from the adjacent areas. They include, in particular, surfaces covered with ceramic tiles, asphalt, concrete and so on, or the roof of the structure. Thus, a common drainage system is formed. It is natural that some homeowners will want to save on pipes and use only perforated, where the water is directed outside. However, this should not be done. This situation can lead to a constant clogging of rainwater, which flushes large amounts of land, sand and various debris from the local areas and roofs. Thus, perforated pipes will soon be clogged with sediment. After this, the drainage system will no longer function properly and will fail.

Necessary materials

Plastic pipes are most often used to drain water from the site. Fittings, as well as additional structures are used to connect the remaining parts and their withdrawal into a special well. The advantage of these pipes is their anti-corrosion properties. They provide a long period of their operation.

Self-made perforated pipe

Requires a PVC element, which is designed for sewerage. In the walls of this pipe, drill holes. Their dimensions should be smaller than gravel fractions. After this, the drainage pipes must be connected. Then you need to check the overall bias. The recommended limit is 1 cm on the meter. To determine the uniformity of the angle, a stretched cord is required. Vertical pipes should be built into each turn of the pipeline. If there is a need, they will allow to flush the drainage system. These pipes are always closed with tight covers. Their height should reach the blinds of the site or building. It is necessary to carefully wrap the pipes with geotextiles. Skipping of gaps is not allowed. Otherwise, the soil can get into the system. The material must be fixed on the pipes. For this, a nylon or polypropylene string is used. It is also necessary to increase the filtration surface of drainage. It is covered with a layer of gravel (up to 20 cm). Further large-fraction river sand is used. It is a non-heaped backfilling soil. Sand serves as a drain filter, the throughput of which is very high.

Arrangement of a well

It is necessary to establish the connection point of the drainage branches. The assembled well should be settled there. To do this, it is best to use reinforced concrete rings. If the owners have time and desire, they can independently "pour" the walls of the well. This will require a concrete mortar and reinforcing mesh. Ground for the substrate should be selected at the intersection of the drainage pipes. In order to close it, you will need a cast-iron hatch. The latter can be made of other strong materials. During the work on backfilling, the insulation of the sewerage outlet is a prerequisite. For this, it is best to use foam. Its thickness should be at least 25 cm.

Conclusion

Thus, it can be said that special difficulties in the independent arrangement of the drainage system are not observed. First of all, it is necessary to pay close attention to the correctness of preliminary calculations. Due to this, the required quantity of consumables will be purchased. In the process of the work itself, it is necessary to carefully monitor compliance with the required bias.

Price aspects

This issue worries first of all those who are going to order a drainage system around their house. The price policy can be different. The cost is set per meter of running pipe (or 1 m ^{3 of} excavated soil). It is also necessary not to forget about the concept of "turnkey". This will mean that the final price includes work and materials. Approximate cost of drainage system around the house:

• "Turnkey" - 2000 rubles (per 1 m ³ ).
• Wall drainage up to 2,5 m - 5500 rub.
• Arrangement of the well - up to 30 thousand rubles.