Dishwasher: how it works, device

The dishwasher is not such a complicated technique as it might seem at first glance. Its design consists of several basic elements, and additional ones can differ, depending on the model. In any case, the impeccable cleanliness of the dishes and the time saved by the hostess is the result that any dishwasher provides. How this technique works from the inside, through what stages the dishes go through during the washing process, what problems can arise during work and how to deal with them - we'll tell about all this in the article.

Dishwasher installation

Washing dishes is a complex process in which several elements are actively involved. The base for them is a metal casing with good sealing, made of stainless alloy. It has thermal and sound insulation characteristics, it is resistant to aggressive chemical agents and temperature changes.

• Outside on the case you can see the control panel with a screen (if this model provides a screen), control buttons and a timer.
• The key element responsible for the operation of the dishwasher is an electric motor.
• Drying responds to the air path.
• The dishes are laid in special baskets. For each type of dishes - cups, plates and cutlery - they are their own.
• The distribution of detergents and water inside the machine is done by rocker arms. Water comes under pressure through a system of tubes and sprayers.
• Heating of water to the set temperature provides heating element.
• The pump is responsible for the water supply, and its volume is regulated by a special valve. Before you get directly into the machine, the water is cleaned and softened by a filter system.
• The waste water is drained to the bottom of the machine by means of a drainage device.
• For draining a drain hose is designed, and the float regulator prevents leaks.
• The stability of the dishwasher guarantees the counterweight installed in it.
• On the inside of the door there are containers for detergents, salt, softening agents.

Of these basic elements, and consists of any dishwasher. How it works depends on the model, and some additional functions also differ. For example, a heat exchanger is designed to reduce energy consumption during drying. There are also machines with sensors, sensitive to the degree of purity of the supplied water and sensors that check the availability of the necessary detergents. And in models with the function of turbosupply there are fans and additional heating elements.

Principle of operation

Surely many wondered how the dishwasher works. Everything is elementary from the outside. After the technician is installed and connected, you can start the launch. You put in the cells detergents and rinses and place the dishes on the shelves and in the drawers. Then select the desired program, press the start button and can do their own thing.

But it's outside, but how does the dishwasher work from the inside, and what happens in it after you press the button? First of all, the valve opens and water enters the special container. It mixes with salt and detergent while heating up to the set temperature.

Soak

The further principle of operation depends on the chosen program. It can be standard or special, for example, for very dirty dishes, a pre-soak mode is required. Once you have selected this mode, the circulation pump will supply water mixed with detergent, in small portions. Due to this, spraying of dirty dishes takes place for a certain time, for the adherence of the dried up food residues.

Washing dishes

Wash occurs also with the participation of a circulation pump. He pumps water under pressure into a rotating sprinkler, which sprays it, washing dishes. The spent liquid enters the filters, where, after passing through the filtration procedure, it re-enters the secondary rinse tank. Here, more detergent is fed into the water, which removes dirt from the dishes.

Rinsing and drying

After the wash program is finished, the drain starts at the signal from the control unit. The water is pumped out by entering the sewage system, and the tank is filled with clean water. It is fed under pressure into the sprinklers, removing the remnants of food and detergents. This process can be repeated several times, for more thorough rinsing. Then the water is pumped out again, the drying process begins. In some models, it occurs naturally, in others, hot air is forced by means of fans.

How long does the whole process take?

It's hard to say for sure how long the dishwasher works. This is affected by the technical performance of a particular model, as well as the chosen washing program and the degree of contamination of the dishes. But in general, the washing process consists of specific stages.

The main washing is carried out within 15-25 minutes. During this time, water, mixed with detergent, is sprayed onto the dishes under pressure. Then rinsing takes place (15-20 minutes), the principle of which is the same, but without detergents, but with rinse or softening salt. The next stage is drying, which also takes 15-20 minutes. On average, the entire cycle will take from 45 to 60 minutes.

There are other factors that affect the time of work. For example, heavily soiled dishes, with burnt fat or old rations of food, will wash longer. If pre-soaking is selected, this will also increase the cycle time. Mark also affects how long the dishwasher works: Bosch, Candy or Electrolux will show different results.

In general, the dishwasher does not spend much time. In addition, the water goes far less than if you carried out this process manually. And to achieve this ideal cleanliness with manual washing is not easy. And, mind you, with fewer detergents.

Problems in the operation of the machine, their causes and elimination

Now you know what happens after the dishwasher closes: how does the water feed, draining, drying, and other nuances work. But, unfortunately, the work process is not always ideal and can be associated with some problems. What are the possible difficulties in the operation of the dishwasher, and what are the ways to solve them?

Poorly washed dishes

It happens that the washing cycle is over, but there are whitish stains on the dishes or it is not washed properly. This problem can occur due to improper adjustment of the amount of detergent. If it is too small, there will be dirty stains on the dishes, if too much - your dishes will be covered with white divorces. Reduce or increase the dosage, and the problem will be solved.

Poor flow or discharge

If the dishwasher is not working properly, this may be due to clogging of hoses or filters. Often, water supply is difficult or not done at all - in this case check the nozzles, remove them and carefully clean them. If the drain is difficult, the problem is in filter clogging with food residues. Regularly clean these parts and you will get rid of the hassle.

Other problems

If you observe how the dishwasher works, you notice there is too much foam in it, this is due to the overflow of the rinse aid. It must be downloaded strictly to the norm, not more. Next time check the dispenser settings and if necessary increase the amount of powder - it has defoaming properties.

Sometimes the complexity of the work can arise from the fact that the detergent is out or its feed is blocked, then either the dishes in the baskets are incorrectly placed or you have chosen the mode incorrectly.

Technical nuances

If the operating side is OK, then the result of how the dishwasher works is inside. Among the most common technical problems are:

• Extraneous noise - the sprayers, pump or bearings have failed;
• Do not apply water - replace the exhaust valve;
• Stop in the middle of work - the pump must be repaired or replaced (sometimes the problem can also be related to the water intake path or recirculation filters);
• The water does not heat up - the temperature sensor or the heater fails;
• The machine does not work and is being beaten by an electric current.

Now you know all about how the dishwasher works, how it works, and what problems can arise when washing the dishes. Not with each of them you can manage on your own. So it's better not to take risks and, if you have a serious breakdown, contact a specialist.