Cities and population. Ural without embellishment: industry, ecology

The most picturesque region of the country. The unique beauty of nature. The largest industrial region, the "backbone of the state". Here the greatest victory was forged in a terrible war. Power and pride of Russia. A professionally trained population. The Urals cherish this.

Residents of the region

The number of the Ural industrial region is more than twenty million people, less than in the Central zone of the country. The vast majority live in one hundred and forty cities. The settlements resemble two lines stretching to the south. Formation of settlements in these places occurred in a peculiar way. Not like in other parts of the country. The buildings were built in the 18th century. So in the Urals, city-factories arose. Migration of residents takes place for the following reasons: climate, ecology, underdeveloped economy, problems with employment. There is a gradual outflow of young people. Leave this region because of the severe climate, poor public infrastructure, inability to find a job.

In this region a heterogeneous population. Urals - a mixture of nationalities living in harmony. Peoples belonging to ethnic composition are few. The predominant Russians - 82%, the second Tatars - 5.14%. People will be less and more. Causes: negative growth and outflow to other regions. There is a process of steady aging.

Composition of industrial area

The Ural industrial region includes Bashkortostan, Udmurtia, the Perm region and four regions: the Sverdlovsk, Orenburg, Kurgan and Chelyabinsk regions. The formation of the Ural people was affected by the geographical position and impact of cultures and civilizations.

The first people appeared in the glacial period from the east and the south. The abundance of rivers and forests, the diversity of natural resources stopped the settlers, and people settled here. There were a lot of such waves. Because of the numerous nationalities in the Urals, many religions coexist. The overwhelming majority gravitate towards Christianity, in the south - towards Islam. The north professes a pagan cult. The density of the population of the Urals, as seen, does not affect religious affiliation.

At the crossroads of Europe and Asia, the Republic of Bashkortostan is located. Here is the developed industry and the agricultural sector. High-tech enterprises produce products. The main branch is engineering. Only in the instrument branch hundreds of factories are involved, the sixth part of the Russian machine tools is created here. The republic is famous for its refining and chemistry.

Ecology

If we talk about the density of the population of the Urals, in this indicator the Chelyabinsk region is leading and, conversely, Kurgan - is inferior. Residents of the stone jungle prevail - 74.8%. These are the consequences of the rapid industrialization of the territory. Trained workforce is the main value.

Far city planners did not realize that the layout of the city-factories in the future will turn into an ecological disaster. This became clear at the end of the 20th century. In the central part of the settlements, harmful enterprises of metallurgy and chemistry work. Buttocks are built residential quarters. Most of the points are located in intermontane basins, which makes it difficult to remove harmful emissions by air flow. The concentration of polluting components is exceeded in dozens of times - this is also the Urals. The population and cities bear a mournful burden for the broken ecology.

Specialization

The basis of the region is heavy industry, engineering and petrochemistry. The abundance of forests gave impetus to the development of harvesting and processing of wood. Southern outskirts - suppliers of grain.

The Ural industrial region is located next to the eastern bins of the country, where there are inexhaustible reserves of raw materials and energy of Siberia, stimulating further prosperity. Cities are equipped with a well-developed transport network, they are able to pass cargo flows.

Udmurtia, with a population of 1.5 million people, is part of the industrial region. Russians - 62%, then aborigines - 28%, and the rest of the population. The Urals are a harsh territory.

Komi-Permyaki - 150 thousand representatives. The indigenous population is 60%.
Bashkirs belong to the Turkic group, the predominant religion is Islam. The number of aborigines is 2 million, the majority is in the republic. In Bashkiria there are 4 million inhabitants, including: Russians - 39%, indigenous - 22%, Tatars - 28%, other nationalities - Chuvash and Mari - are few. Therefore, the republic is considered multinational. The population of the South Urals is complaisant and tolerant.

Cities in the region

Izhevsk, the capital of Udmurtia, the birthplace of the famous gunsmith Kalashnikov. The settlement was created on the site of iron mines in the XVIII century. Later, an arms factory was built, which became the basis of the defense industry. Ekaterinburg, the Ural capital, is the fourth largest center of strong Russia with a 1.5 million population. Industrial giant, railway junction. Urban transport is diverse, including the metro. There is an international airport.

Chelyabinsk is an industrial and cultural center of the same name with a population of over one million people. During the war years it was a "tank capital", it produced products for the front, was the focus of evacuated factories, the population worked. The Urals plowed for wear.

Ufa - the heart of Bashkortostan, originates from the times of Ivan the Terrible. The economic potential in the chemical, metallurgical and oil refining areas is not exhausted.

The wealth of the Urals is inexhaustible, considering that underground fossil storages have been developed for five centuries, and stocks will not be completed soon.