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Chufa (earthen almonds): planting and care, description, cultivation and application

Each plant needs to find its own approach. After all, one likes the shadow and good moisture, and the other - the sun and a rare watering. Therefore, before you start planting any plant, you should first study the characteristics of its cultivation. Chufa - earth almonds, planting and caring for which also requires a preliminary study.

Features of culture

Chufa is a perennial herbaceous culture, which reaches 1 m in height. The ground part is a green narrow arrow-like leaves with trihedral trunks. At the very top of the plant are small inflorescences of white small flowers, resembling umbrellas. Underground part - the main bud of the tuber (from which grows greens) and side tubers (from them come out shoots of a powerful root system).

The plant is pollinated by the wind. Under good conditions, the walnut walnut in the first year only forms nodules, but does not bloom. From one plant for a year collect up to 1 thousand good tubers, which can be described as follows:

  • Length - up to 3 cm;
  • Oval shape;
  • Inner white flesh;
  • When dried, the tuber becomes wrinkled.

Origin

Hazelnut root is from North America and the Mediterranean. People were familiar with it many centuries ago, at the time of the pharaohs. Even in the famous works of Herodotus, you can find mention of this nut. In Russia, the plant appeared in the XVIII century, but his name was different - the winter queen. But later it was called earth almonds.

At the present time, Chufa is very popular. India and Sudan are actively engaged in its cultivation in order to use in cooking. In Turkey, the plant is grown to attract game. Ukraine has brought out unique varieties of Chufa called "culinary" and "confectionery". It is possible to enumerate the countries in which this culture is grown for a long time, but the main thing is that it is popular because of its usefulness and universality.

Ideal conditions for planting

How does the chuf sit? The seeds of the plant are small tubers. To get a good harvest from any plant, you need to properly plant it. To do this, we must remember the climatic features of the native land of this culture.

Ideal for Chufy:

  1. The soil must be loose and the land fertile. If the rock is clay, then from the autumn it is necessary to do its preparation: add sand and peat to it. When the local soil has an increased acidity, then lime will help.
  2. Humidity is what is important to pay attention to. The heifer of Chuf came to us from the tropics, which means that he needs water constantly. But you can not fill the plant, this will lead to the decay of the rhizome.
  3. The tubers should be planted with the arrival of heat, because this culture does not tolerate frost.
  4. If the garden is properly prepared (to make the necessary fertilizers), then the whole plant will not need additional feeding for the whole season. Only in those cases when the soil is very poor, 2-3 times it is necessary to fertilize with organic infusions, prepared independently.

Landing

Experienced summer residents know that any seeds need to be soaked before settling them in the garden. This also applies to earth almonds. The tubers are soaked in clean water for several days, with daily water changes. If the liquid stagnates, the tubers will become sour and become unsuitable for cultivation. Over these days the tubers will absorb the moisture, which means that sprouts in the soil will be released sooner.

When to plant? May is the ideal time for planting. The air and the earth have already warmed up, but in the soil as long as there is a sufficient amount of moisture, so necessary for the Chufa. The beds should be small. Sometimes you have to plant tubers between vegetables in the garden and even on the flowerbed, where there is an extra place.

Instructions for planting:

  1. Trowel grooves depth of 6-8 cm. Between the ditches should be a distance of 25 cm.
  2. Dry soil must be watered, and after the water has absorbed, proceed to plant tubers.
  3. Between the tubers in one row should be a minimum distance of 20 cm.
  4. When everything is planted, you should carefully cover the seedlings with earth.

If you adhere to all the rules, then the first shoots can be seen after a week.

Care

Chufa (earth almonds), planting and caring for which require vigilance, will be pleased with its fruits if you adhere to two basic rules:

  • Regularly water the plant, especially in dry weather;
  • Get rid of weeds at the initial stage of growth.

The main thing is not to overdo watering. Excessive moisture leads to the fact that the greens become more beautiful, but from this the quantity and quality of tubers decreases. In the rainy season, no problems with watering should arise.

Harvesting

If you know when to plant the Chufu, to properly take care of it, then the first tubers will appear a month after the appearance of the first leaves. Harvest time is autumn. During this period of the year the leaves of the plant turn yellow and dry up.

With the help of garden forks you need to carefully pry the bush and gently pull it to the surface of the earth. Manually collect all the tubers and put in a strainer to filter out excess dirt. Next, you need to rinse the harvested crop and lay it down to dry in natural conditions (spread out on a table that is placed in the sun). When dried, the "nuts" wrinkle and decrease in size.

For planting for the next season choose the largest fruits, and the rest are in use. Tubers are stored for a maximum of 4 years.

Beneficial features

Chufa (ground almonds), planting and care for which were produced correctly, will yield a good and high-quality harvest. Collected tubers are used in various fields due to their qualities.

Useful properties of "nuts":

  • Improve sleep;
  • Strengthen the immune system;
  • Empower a person;
  • Well affect memory and attention, greatly improving them;
  • Reduce blood sugar in diabetes mellitus;
  • With the help of milk, prepared from the tubers of Chuf, treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • Help the body to clear radionuclides;
  • Cope with bladder ailments;
  • Relieve toothache;
  • Help to get back to normal in ARVI;
  • There are facts that Chufa cope even with complications after childbirth.

Where to use

Where, in addition to folk medicine, is applied Chufa (earth almonds)? The use of this "nut" in cooking has been practiced for a long time. Most often, from the tubers, oil is prepared, which is similar to olive oil. It is used not only in cooking, but also for lubrication of various tools. Overcooked tubers are suitable for making surrogate coffee.

The taste of this product reminds everyone of the usual almonds or peanuts. Therefore, confectioners actively add Chufu to sweets, cakes and other products. In Spain, they practice ice cream and a very delicious groundnut drink .

The leaves of the plant go to feed the cattle. It is even harvested for the winter, previously dried well. Crushed nodules are also not thrown away, they are well eaten by birds.

Other applications:

  • Stems are used to weave very beautiful and strong baskets;
  • From leaves make paper, fuel, insulation material and ropes;
  • This plant has found application even in cosmetology - add to shampoo and toilet soap;
  • Fishermen use tubers as bait.

As you can see, Chufa (earth almonds) is very useful. Planting and caring for this culture should not be difficult for those who like to grow something unusual. And if everything is done correctly, then the harvested crop can be used for the treatment of illnesses, in cooking and even in the household.

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