Analysis for triglycerides: the norm. Triglycerides: norm and abnormalities

Triglycerides are fatty acids, which are one of the main energy materials for the body. Excess of these substances increases the risk of heart attack. What threatens to increase their level in the blood? What is their norm, how are triglycerides used by the body? The norm and deviations of the content of these substances are determined in the study biochemically.

Triglycerides - the source of energy

Lipids are fatty acid preservers, besides this, they are a source of energy in the human body. Triglycerides are deposited in the cells of the body. Their excess threatens with heart and vascular diseases, although their influence on the onset of these diseases is still not fully understood.

Lipids are the physiological fats that form in the body. They are also supplied with food, like exogenous triglycerides. The norm or deviations from the level of these fats are investigated most often when the complete lipid profile of the organism is studied. The analysis on triglycerides in the blood is a study with the help of which it is possible to reveal the onset of the onset of diseases of the cardiovascular system. Perform it during the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia.

What does the analysis show?

Triglycerides are organic chemical compounds belonging to simple fats (lipids). In their composition esters of glycerin and acids of three kinds. They are energy material that is consumed for the current needs of the body or stored as fat.

The level of lipids is examined during the analysis of the entire body fat profile, ie, cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides are determined together. Analysis for the content of fats is prescribed in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. In this violation, only high triglycerides are characteristic. Due to the study of the concentration of simple fats it is possible to assess the risks of occurrence of coronary heart disease. This study is very important for diabetics, since at a high level of glucose in the bloodstream the level of simple fats is increased. The reasons for the lipid assay are the ability to identify the effectiveness of ongoing therapy aimed at lowering the level of triglycerides in the body. Before the analysis, you should not eat for 12-24 hours, because the food delivers lipoproteins, and this will distort the result of the study. For analysis, a sample of blood is taken from the finger or the ulnar vein.

Norm

A biochemical analysis is performed on triglycerides in the blood. Norm and deviation have different meanings for men, women and children. Thus, in men, the norm is considered to be a concentration of less than 200 mg / dl or 2.3 mmol / l. A greater amount of the substance is a deviation when the result of the analysis on triglycerides. The norm in women is from 35 to 135 mg / dl, which is equivalent to 0.40-1.54 mmol / l. The threshold of the normal concentration in children is 100 mg / dl or 1.13 mmol / l.

1. Mild hypertriglyceridemia: 200-500 mg / dl (2.3-5.6 mmol / l).
2. Significant hypertriglyceridemia: more than 500 mg / dl (5.6 mmol / l).

In the case when triglycerides are increased, the causes of hypertriglyceridemia create more factors for the development of stroke and myocardial infarction than with increasing blood cholesterol levels. The concentration of lipids greater than 1000 mg / dL increases the possibility of inflammation of the pancreas. The level of triglycerides can vary depending on the day, so small changes in their meaning should not bother the patient.

Why does triglyceride levels increase?

Some reasons for the increase in the concentration of triglycerides are metabolic disorders, for example:

• Primary hyperlipidemia;
• Hyperlipidemia secondary;
• Complex hyperlipidemia;
• General hyperlipidemia;
• diabetes.

When triglycerides are raised, the causes of abnormalities should be looked for in excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, hypothyroidism, kidney failure and other problems. The norm of lipids can change and acquire high values in the course of such diseases as: Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, lupus erythematosus and lipidostrophy. Increase in the concentration of fats can also cause the use of diuretics, betaadrenalitics, retinoids or glucocorticoid drugs. The administration of oral contraceptives also affects triglycerides. The norm in women can dramatically shift to elevated levels of these fats. Reduced concentrations are observed in hospitalized and mentally unhealthy people.

What causes lipid metabolism?

The most common cause is malnutrition, which increases the risk of lipid metabolism disorders. An unhealthy lifestyle also contributes to the aggravation of this problem. Since childhood, children are overfed, most of them have bad habits in nutrition. Excess energy is affected by excessive consumption of fats and sugar and lack of exercise. Thus, the body can not cope with the consumption of unnecessary fat. For the perfect functioning of the cells of the body, the energy entering into them must be used. An unhealthy lifestyle breaks this interconnected process. As a result, triglycerides increase, the norm goes into a deviation, which provokes diseases in the body.

Effects of lipid metabolism disorders

Increasing lipid levels leads to obesity, increases the likelihood of developing insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, the so-called metabolic syndrome, heart disease. Hypertriglyceridemia can lead to atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, heart attack or stroke.

According to studies, the risk of death from coronary heart disease resulting from excess triglycerides is equal to or even greater than the risk resulting from an increase in total cholesterol.

Significant excess of fat (more than 500 mg / dL) can lead to inflammation and damage to the pancreas and liver. Hypertriglyceridemia also causes hypothyroidism, kidney disease (including nephrotic syndrome), and gout.

What is the decrease in the level of triglycerides?

Low levels of triglycerides, as a rule, are associated with a decrease in fat intake in the diet. However, at the time of diagnosis, doctors should also take into account other possible causes, such as hyperthyroidism, malabsorption or malnutrition.

How to reduce the level of triglycerides?

The basis of a healthy lifestyle should be a restriction of carbohydrates and an increase in physical activity. Avoid foods that contain sugar, they increase triglycerides. Treatment involves the exclusion of alcohol from the diet, including red wine and beer, as they contribute to increased lipid levels. Choose natural products, coarse grain, eat a lot of vegetables and fruits. Try to avoid fat, fatty meat, butter, whole milk products. Replace animal fats with vegetable, bearing in mind that the total amount should not exceed 2 tablespoons per day. But at the same time increase the consumption of oily marine fish (mackerel, salmon, halibut). They contain unsaturated acids that lower triglycerides. The norm of "good" cholesterol in the blood with a constant intake of fatty omega-acids is stable.