EducationThe science

Activity as a way of people's existence. Motivation and stimulation of activities

Mankind is distinguished by its ability to act in its own interests, creating large-scale, comprehensive benefits. This makes our life comfortable.

Activity as a way of existence of people determines the welfare of each individual person and society as a whole. This behavior allows us to change the world around us. What this process represents, and also what contributes to human activities, it is necessary to consider in more detail.

General concept

Human activity is a form of interaction with the world that surrounds us. This process gives people the opportunity to learn the world, and on the basis of data received from outside they build their behavioral models. The totality of these features translates into the ability of humanity to change the world.

Thanks to our activities, we can meet our needs for material goods (food, shelter, clothing, etc.), and also develop spiritually. This process involves, for example, the occupation of art, science, etc.

Also , human activity can be aimed at self-development, improving one's personality. Strengthening the willpower, the development of certain qualities of character or ability bears fruit in the future.

Distinctive features

Activity is an opportunity to improve the environment, to transform the world so that we can live comfortably under the appropriate conditions. In the interests of people, new benefits are created every year, which have never existed in nature.

Human activity is distinguished by a social and transformative nature, as well as productivity and consciousness. This distinguishes us from the behavior of other living beings within the framework established by nature.

We consciously put forward our goals, which allows us to foresee the final result. Our behavior leads to the receipt of products, goods. To do this, a person uses a variety of tools. The transforming nature of man's work allows him to change himself, as well as surrounding reality. The social nature of the activity is manifested in the ability to enter into contacts and in cooperation to produce common benefits for all.

Human needs

By creating the necessary conditions for existence, a person satisfies his needs. People experience and realize their need in certain conditions created to support life activity, as well as personal development.

Needs are usually combined into 3 groups. This is the natural, social and ideal need of man in creating specific conditions for his existence.

Natural needs are given to us by nature. We are born with them, so they are biological (or physiological). This includes all the needs necessary for life, reproduction: food, shelter, water, sleep, etc.

To social assign needs related to work , social activity and communication. People need achievements, recognition from others.

The highest level is cultural needs. This allows a person to develop his spiritual abilities, talents, as well as to know the world around him.

Interrelation of needs

Studying activities as a way of people's existence, one should pay attention to the interaction of needs. All three categories discussed above are interrelated. For example, when satisfying their needs for food, a person takes care of the variety of dishes, the aesthetics of the table, the beauty and cleanliness of cutlery, the pleasant society, and so on.

A special feature of human nature is the extremely rare state of complete satisfaction of its needs. If some need is satisfied, another pops up, grabbing his attention and forcing efforts to be directed to a certain area.

Also, needs have their own hierarchy. While natural needs are not satisfied , a person does not pay attention to his social and cultural needs. To develop spiritually, it is necessary to have some minimum of satisfied needs for food, communication, etc.

Structure

Studying what the main types of human activity are determined in the course of our evolutionary development, we can not lose sight of the structure of this process. All our actions are determined by the goal. To achieve it, a person uses certain means. This allows you to get the desired result.

The goal is the realization of the consequences for which the forces of man are directed. First, the mental contours of the future product or result arise. Then the person thinks about what means will help him to come to the desired goal.

Having used the necessary tools, having received certain knowledge and skills, a person receives a result. It can be both material and spiritual goods. This person desires consciously.

Main activities

Activity as a way of existence of man and society has several main directions. They are classified on different grounds. First of all, the process of creation can be practical or spiritual. It depends on our attitude to the world that surrounds us.

When the consciousness of a person changes, it is a matter of spiritual activity. Transforming the material objects existing in our reality, people produce practical actions.

Activities can also be progressive and reactionary. This is due to the course of history and the development of the personality of each member of society. Also, our efforts can be creative or destructive.

Activities are legal or prohibited, acceptable and immoral. The formation of these varieties influenced the basic norms of morality, general cultural values.

On the basis of social distinction, they distinguish between mass, collective or individual work. It can be creative, innovative, stereotyped, monotonous or inventive, and so on.

Motivation

Motivation of activities is the reason why a person puts forward a particular goal, is engaged in a certain job. It is this explanation that motivates us to create or destroy.

Motive is motivation. Sometimes different reasons lead to the same type of activity. For example, a group of people reading a book. One of them does this because he has a craving for new knowledge. The other person is reading to take his spare time. The third representative of the group is engaged in this activity in order to earn the approval of the other members of the group.

Sometimes, the same motive leads to different activities. For example, wanting to earn the recognition of society, a person can exercise his abilities in the production, sports or social sphere, etc. The diversity of motives and goals determines the aggregate activity.

Awareness of activities

Activity as a way of people's existence is a conscious process. However, the degree of this knowledge can be different. Motives are formed under the influence of interests, needs, and also beliefs of the person. They give meaning to action.

The whole process of man's work to achieve his goals consists of a sequence of specific acts. They are called action. For example, in the process of obtaining an education, we read certain literature, listen to lectures of teachers, write down the material presented by them, solve problems and follow the instructions of teachers.

When the goal is set and at the same time the person represents its result, as well as the procedure for performing the actions using specific means, this is called conscious activity.

However, in reality, this process can go beyond goals and motivations. Strong feelings, emotions are able to influence actions. At the same time, awareness of the goal may be absent. This causes impulsive actions. Such an activity is called little-understood.

Stimulation

In the process of man's work in different directions, motivation and stimulation of activity arise. If motive is the reason for which we carry out certain actions, then stimulation is reward. This gives activity efficiency.

Motivation and incentives are a strategy. They complement each other. For example, an enterprise can simultaneously improve working conditions, while increasing wages. Complexity gives a good result.

But stimulation and motivation can also resist each other. For example, wages increased by 5%, but inflation was 10%. Productivity for this reason has decreased. The mechanism of motivation should be adequate to the process of stimulation.

Having studied what constitutes activity as a way of existence of people, one can realize the essence of this concept, as well as understand its features.

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