Warming of the facade with polystyrene foam. Technology of facade insulation

The insulation of the facade with expanded polystyrene is now carried out by the owners of houses quite often. And this is not accidental. Such popularity is due to the operational properties of the material. In addition, the technology of facade insulation with its use is quite simple and understandable.

General information

There are a lot of positive qualities for polystyrene foam. In this regard, the material is becoming increasingly popular. However, many owners of residential buildings doubt whether it is worthwhile to conduct the insulation of the facade with expanded polystyrene. Next, we'll figure out whether the material is really good.

Insulating properties

For materials that are used as insulation, low thermal conductivity is important. Otherwise, the room will be cold and uncomfortable. Styrofoam has a reduced coefficient of thermal conductivity. Thus, thanks to its use, comfort is provided in the apartment or house.

Security

Polyfoam is an absolutely non-toxic and inert material , unlike, for example, artificial stone, which has the ability to sometimes release harmful radiation. Styrofoam is safe for people and the environment in general. This is confirmed by the fact that there are no specific requirements for the production of the material.

Ecological compatibility

From buildings, the insulation of which is produced with the use of expanded polystyrene, a small amount of carbon is released into the atmosphere. Styrofoam does not contain chlorine and fluorine. These compounds are capable of destroying the ozone layer. When manufacturing expanded polystyrene, pentane is used. It is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon from the class of alkanes. Pentane does not belong to the category of greenhouse gases and does not act destructively on the ozone layer.

Economical

The process of manufacturing the material is quite cheap. During the manufacturing process, there are no significant energy costs. In addition, waste products from production are reused. For example, they go for the manufacture of special additives for various materials (from concrete to solid brick). However, the cost of facade insulation with expanded polystyrene is relatively high. It varies from 1600 to 2000 per m ² . Therefore, many decide to independently carry out the insulation of the facade with expanded polystyrene. The price of the material depends on its thickness and density. Ordinary sheets can be purchased from 30 rubles apiece.

Extruded polystyrene foam

This kind of material was developed in America. Thermal insulation of facades with extruded polystyrene foam has become popular relatively recently. The material is good because it can be used on various parts of the building. However, for the facade, extruded polystyrene foam is ideal. The material is obtained by mixing a granular polymer with a special foaming compound made on the basis of carbon dioxide and freon. The mixture is heated to a high temperature and forced through a special apparatus called an extruder. It provides better mixing of components and additional foaming of the formulation. The resulting mixture is molded into slabs. During hardening, a strong and light material is formed.

Pros of the material

The advantages of extruded polystyrene foam include:

• Low vapor permeability.
• Resistance to negative effects of external factors.
• Durability. The operating period is about 50 years with proper packing.
• Fire safety.

The coefficient of thermal conductivity of extruded polystyrene is 0.03 W / m ³ . This figure indicates the high insulation properties of the material. Its structure consists of more than 90% of the air contained in the cells. The cost of extruded polystyrene is on average two times higher than usual.

External insulation device: general information

Styrofoam, as a rule, is used for insulation of the outside of the structure. Isolation can be carried out both during the construction phase, and after its completion or during the reconstruction of the building. The advantage of external insulation is the preservation of useful space inside the premises. In addition, external insulation is more suitable and beneficial in many other parameters. In external insulation boards of expanded polystyrene 80-100 mm thick or layers of thin sheets (30-40 mm) laid in two layers are used. Protecting the building in this way, you can save on heating, reducing costs to 50%. It must be said that the external insulation of the building is carried out at an ambient temperature of at least five degrees, always in dry weather.

Preparatory stage

How to start the insulation of the facade with expanded polystyrene? The installation technique involves surface preparation. First of all, the base is cleaned of dirt. Next, you need to eliminate anything that might interfere with the styling. For example, protruding pieces of mortar, reinforcement, all sorts of protrusions (if they are not an architectural element). Then, large cracks and cracks should be filled up. After that, the surface is primed. To handle the socle, you can use a solution of "Aquastop". The mixture should be treated to a wall at a height of 1-1.5 meters from the blind area.

Installation of vertical sags

To do this, you can use, for example, cords from the capron. They are installed in steps of 0.5-0.7 m. This is necessary to see where there are bulges or dips on the wall, which will allow adding glue in the right places or wipe the surface of the foam with a grater. It is important to conduct a thermal insulation of the facade with expanded polystyrene. The installation technique is quite simple. Do not forget about the aesthetic component. During laying, it is necessary to check the flatness of the plates. This can be done with the help of a building level.

Fixing sheets

The insulation of the facade with expanded polystyrene is carried out by its own glue. The mixture is prepared in accordance with the instructions on the package. At normal temperature, the adhesive should be consumed within an hour and a half, in hot or cold weather - for 40 or 60 minutes. The solution is applied "cakes" at five points per plate. After that, the edges of the sheet should be covered with a uniform layer of glue. If the material is fixed to a perfectly flat surface, then the distribution of the solution is best done with a comb spatula.

Binding of plates

The second row must begin with a sheet cut in half. Warming of the facade with expanded polystyrene should be carried out in such a way that the seams of the rows do not coincide. The slits formed between the slabs should be closed with pieces of material or with its liquid form. It is not recommended to use a mounting foam for this purpose. Mismatches that occur at the joints are removed by a grater.

Mechanical fixation

Thermal insulation of the facade with expanded polystyrene is carried out for reliable insulation of the building. Therefore, in order to prevent the plates from tearing off the surface, they are additionally fixed with dowel platens: "mushrooms", "parachutes", "umbrellas". The recommended number of fixing elements is 5-6 per sheet. After the insulation of the facade with expanded polystyrene is finished, it is possible to proceed with filling the dowels with glue mortar and reinforcing the surface.

The final stage

Reinforcement of the insulation is carried out using a special facade film, the basis of which is fiberglass. The mesh for the wall must be rigid and dense, for slopes, decorative elements and corners - soft. Plastering of a surface is made by polymeric structures. They have high resistance to negative environmental effects. Polymer plasters are not afraid of moisture, low temperature, do not collapse under the influence of direct sun rays.

Insulation of hollow walls

Today, there are various technologies for erecting structures. One of them involves the use of hollow elements. This is a fairly economical version of the building, because it saves on materials. Warming is done directly in the thickness of the wall, during the erection of the structure. This significantly improves the performance of insulation, because the material does not come into contact with the external environment. The carrier structure itself is formed from rather strong elements. Materials have the ability to withstand various loads. And in the presence of a heater inside the cavity, this quality is noticeably improved. Finishing is carried out directly on the surface.