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Ukrainian gray duck: characteristics of the breed

Duck breeding is one of the fastest-growing sectors of meat poultry: from ducks in 6-7 weeks you can get a fairly large amount of tender, high-nutrition, juicy meat, large fatty liver and good down.

Ukrainian gray ducks

The Ukrainian gray duck breed was bred by the Ukrainian Research Institute of Poultry Farming by crossing local populations of ducks with wild (crooked). This breed group is resistant to low temperatures, has a strong constitution and powerful muscles. The gray duck is mobile, constantly looking for food, very fond of freedom and that there was a pond nearby, growing quite fast, has excellent meat qualities. In feeding and maintenance is very unpretentious. The gray duck is resistant to diseases. Bred her both in household gardens, and in small farmer associations. The bird swims well, but dives only during moulting or when wounded. The flight of the duck type, it easily rises from the water, can almost fly upright.

Gray duck: description

Gray ducks of medium size have a long, wide, slightly elevated body in front, a small long head, legs short, strong, mobile, orange . Color plumage, as in wild ducks: gray with different shades. The drake of the gray duck has a dark gray (or black) with a silvery or greenish tinge, a dark brown with a white collar, an average neck length. Chest - broad, massive, lush, trunk (lower part) light gray, wings gray-brown, with white mirrors, not very long, color of beak olive, black at the end, wide, not very long. The tail of the gray duck is of medium length, slightly elevated.

Ukrainian gray duck: a characteristic

The average live weight of drakes is about 3.5-3.8 kg, females - 2.8-3.0 kg. Yaytsenoskost in a year for a hen is 120-140 eggs. With the provision of good care, adequate lighting and room heating, it is possible to achieve record values of 260 pcs. in year. The average weight of one egg is about 70-90 grams. The average cycle lasts approximately 20-22 weeks. Duck gray Ukrainian reaches maturity at 6 months of age. The output of the young is 72-76%.

Biological features

Young growth of gray ducks is characterized by a high growth rate and good viability. Their live weight reaches 2.2-2.5 kg by the age of 50 days. The adult gray duck (photo below) has a survival rate of 96-97%, ducklings - 95-97%.

Room for ducks

The gray duck is undemanding to the conditions of detention, it is enough for the most common room with a litter, a paddock and a small pond (you can do without it by installing a bathing tank on the ramp).

The basic requirements for the room in which the bird will be kept - it should be protected from dampness, sharp temperature changes, and have a sufficient level of illumination. It is permissible to breed ducks together with other birds or animals, restricting their territory to a net or a solid partition. The size of the house depends on the herd population. For ducks, the density of planting per 1 sq. Km. M area is 3 birds. They tolerate enough overcrowding, get bored, interfere with each other, easily get injured. For ducks, make wooden (for dry food) and metal (for wet sticks) feeders. Very important is the design of the feeder, because the food of the duck is eaten inaccurately, scattering it on the floor. One adult bird needs 15 cm of feeder for moist feeds and 6 cm for dry mixes.

A duck's nest is made one for 5 layers. Its width is 40 cm, depth - 50 cm, height - about 30. Sockets are installed on a deep litter, which podsypayetsya as it subsides and pollution. For the walk special lazes are made. Install them recommended on the southern side of the house, at a distance of 8 cm from the floor. The height and width of the crawl is 40 cm. It is better to fence the place for walking with a metal net.

Deep litter

Unchangeable litter in the poultry helps to maintain the right microclimate, it emits heat and does not require daily cleaning, absorbs moisture well. For litter, straw cutting, shavings, crushed corn rods, sunflower husks are used. The preparation of litter is important to conduct in dry weather, this will help to avoid the possibility of affecting mold and fungus. Peat is a wonderful water capacity, but it is recommended to use it with any other materials due to the formation of dust. Before filling the bedding, the floor should be prepared, cleaned and disinfected, and sprinkled with dry slaked lime from above . Initially, the layer is covered with 5 cm, then a new material is added as the moisture is added. In winter, the layer is brought to 30 cm, in the summer - up to 20 cm. The new portion of the litter, as a rule, has to be poured every 12-15 days.

Care for ducklings

Carrying out competent and good care of chicks is, perhaps, the most crucial moment in keeping a domestic duck. Breeding involves a separate maintenance of young animals from the parent herd. In the first three weeks, ducklings should be kept in a sufficiently warm room. During the first days the temperature should reach +30 ° C. At 1 square. Meter area should account for no more than 25 goals. Gradually, the temperature should be lowered. At the end of the third week, it should be +20 ° C.

Lighting

The premises with ducklings should be illuminated in the first week should be constantly (24 hours). Starting from the second week, its duration should be shortened. On the tenth day, the lighting should last 16 hours, and for the twenties - only 9-10.

Feeding ducks

During the first three days, the ducklings are fed a semi-liquid meal into which milk is added. In the future, they can confidently cope with dry fodders, green mash-ups. For feeding use the following feeds: corn, wheat and barley oil, sunflower and soy cake or meal, fish and meat-and-bone flour, herbal flour, fodder yeast, fresh herbs of nettle, alfalfa, dandelion, boiled potatoes, carrots, beets, food waste. In the first few days of life, you can give fresh cottage cheese, whey, milk powder, steeply boiled eggs. The most important thing is that all feeds are fresh and benign.

Drinkers and feeders should be located so that all ducklings have free access to water and feed. During the first 1-2 days, you can feed the ducklings on trays, the height of the sides of which is 2 cm, later - from the groove feeders with the sides at 5-6 cm. The older ducks are fed from feeders, the bows are curved inwards, and there is also a protective bar, So that the ducklings could not get into the feeder and contaminate the food with their litter. From the bottom of the feeder set a special catcher feed, because the ducklings lose a lot near the feeder. For drinking in the first 6-10 days, vacuum drinkers are used (1 piece for 50 ducklings), later, open water drinkers are installed with a special fencing so that the ducklings do not fall into them, but they freely lower the head into the drinking bowl.

You can also put small plastic basins or buckets. Wash drinking bowls and change the water in them every day.

Contents and nutrition

The Ukrainian gray duck is herbivorous and completely unpretentious in its content. It perfectly feeds on aquatic vegetation - duckweed, seaweed. With great pleasure can graze on the grass, eat food waste, perfectly gaining weight on special mixed fodders. In summer, in the diet of ducks, the grain mixture is only 25%.

In late autumn, winter and early spring, of course, the proportions change: cereals and mixed fodders make up about 50% of the daily ration, the second half - vegetables - small boiled potatoes, apples, pumpkin, cabbage, food waste. Combine feed is recommended to give in the form of wet sticks, adding grated beets, boiled potatoes and other additives. With timely and proper feeding, it is possible to achieve excellent results in the cultivation of gray ducks: to achieve maximum weight in drakes, in ducks of maximum egg-laying, and, most importantly, to obtain a beautiful young offspring.

In the summer, the gray duck (photo you see in the article) spends the whole day in the enclosure, driving the birds into the room only for the night.

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