"The Big Port of St. Petersburg": diagram, photo

St. Petersburg was founded as a port city, which gave the Russian Empire access to European expanses. Thanks to the sea communication, the city grew and developed rapidly. Today, the "Big Port of St. Petersburg" is the most important transport hub, which annually receives hundreds of thousands of vessels of various types.

general characteristics

In the north-west of Russia "The Big Seaport of St. Petersburg" is the most important trade and passenger transport hub. It is located on the Neva Bay, which crashes into the dry land in the Eastern part of the Gulf of Finland, belonging to the Baltic Sea. The territory of the port is the numerous islands formed by the delta of the Neva River.

The port is open all year round. Approximately from November to April, the sea surface is covered with ice. To ensure that ships have access to berths, they are assisted in the cold season by service icebreakers, which pave the way to land.

By its structure, the "Big Port of St. Petersburg" consists of berths of different ports of smaller sizes: forestry, trade, passenger, fish and river. It also includes several shipbuilding and repair plants, an oil terminal, the piers of Lomonosov and Kronstadt, the port stations Bronka and Gorskaya.

Thus, we can safely say that the "Big Port of St. Petersburg" has a rather complex structure. Its scheme includes a multitude of channels and berths for different purposes.

Fairway system and their feature

In total, the length of the berths of the "Big Port" is more than 9 km. They lead to long and not very canals, built to access ships of different sizes. The longest - to the pier of Kronstadt, located beyond the island of Kotlin. The parameters of the channel are simply impressive. Its length exceeds 27 miles. Depth allows you to receive ships with a draft of 11 m. At the same time, the ship itself can be up to 260 m long and about 40 m wide.

Vessels of much larger dimensions adopt the "Great Port of St. Petersburg" in a completely different way. The seaport, for example, oil trawlers serves on an external roadstead. They do not need to go far into the mainland.

In general, the port consists of about 60 berths. To them conduct a variety of channels up to 12 m deep. Their length varies depending on the size of the vessels received and the purposes of their arrival in the ports of St. Petersburg.

First port area

For the convenience of maintenance and management of all facilities, the administration of the "Big Port of St. Petersburg" divided it into several districts. Each of them serves its own cargo company. In addition, the berths of these areas are significantly different in their purpose, which makes it possible to systematize vessels and provide them with the most adequate services.

The first district consists of fourteen berths. From the first to the seventh take cargo ships that transport cargo in a container. Loading and unloading works are carried out with the help of 23 port cranes. Their maximum carrying capacity is 40 tons.

Here you can leave the goods for storage in open or closed warehouses, the total area of which exceeds 125 000 sq.m. CJSC "Second Stevedoring Company" serves this area.

The remaining seven berths are intended for research and expedition ships. Here there are ships of the port fleet.

Second port area

Every outside observer is fascinated by the "Big Port of St. Petersburg". The photos reflect all of his greatness and scale. Especially often the lens gets a second port area, which accepts ships of the passenger marine fleet.

This area consists of berths 15-41 with a total length of about 3 km. Accept berths of the vessel with a draft not exceeding 11 m. The cargo division specializes in bulk products such as grain, fertilizers, cereals, sugar.

There are special capacities for processing mineral fertilizers without containers. For a day, the region processes up to 100 cars, and up to twelve thousand tons of bulk cargo can be stored in a warehouse.

All piers, except for the 27th, are serviced by First Stevedoring Company CJSC. The twenty-seventh berth is guarded by the LLC "Baltic Fleet".

During the summer navigation period, berths 32-34 are rebuilt to accommodate large cruise ships that carry out ocean voyages.

Third port area

The coal and forest harbors restrict the third port area. It consists of thirteen berths, which specialize in containers, transshipment of timber and ferrous metal.

Since the ships for this cargo are rather oversized, accordingly, the specificity of their reception should be observed, followed by the "Big Port of St. Petersburg". Lotsia in this area is organized in such a way that it is possible to take even Ro-Ro vessels on the berths 82-87.

To cope with a large number of containers, this part of the port is equipped with all the necessary equipment, the carrying capacity of which reaches 35 tons. All works are carried out here by First Container Terminal CJSC.

Berths 67-70 are equipped for receiving and trans-shipment of round timber. The terminal's capacity is up to 1 million tons of cargo per year. Transshipment of the forest is handled by CJSC Stevedore Forest Company.

Fourth shopping district

The ruffed islands in the Coal Harbor became the location of the fourth district. They are engaged in transshipment of bulk and bulk cargo. To fulfill these functions, most of the berths have a depth of up to 11 meters, since ships transporting such cargo have impressive dimensions.

The main "actors" here are mineral fertilizers, coal, fossil ore, alumina, scrap metal. To all of them to quickly load-unload, there is installed equipment that serves cars and vessels. Its efficiency is up to 5 million tons per year.

Several companies are engaged in servicing this area. Some of them submit only 1-2 berths, others help with loading operations almost half of the port.

The terminal for receiving oil

As it was mentioned before, the "Big Port of St. Petersburg" takes large trawlers on the outer roadstead in the oil terminal. It is located in the immediate vicinity of the fourth district. Marine tankers are accepted for service up to 35 thousand tons. In addition, there are two berths for river tankers that come here from the Neva.

Today, the tanks in the terminal can take up to 42,000 cubic meters of light oil products and up to 132,000 cubic meters of dark oil. Due to such capacities the terminal serves as a place for the formation of ships with export diesel fuel and fuel oil, which come to berths in tanks and pipelines from the nearest oil refineries.

In the future, it is planned to increase the tank farm by another 60,000 cubic meters, as well as to open a new berth for tankers with a draft of up to twelve and a half meters.

Loading operations at the terminal are possible due to CJSC Petersburg Oil Terminal. Railway communication with the continent is carried out with the help of the station "Avtovo" on the October Railway.

The oil terminal is the most important center providing trade in oil products with most of the European countries. On land this efficiency is almost impossible to achieve.

Forest and fishing ports

As it became clear, the captain of the "Big Port of St. Petersburg" manages a rather complex system of smaller ports and piers. Therefore, each of them has its own leadership and cargo companies.

There are also very specific points of cargo reception, for example, the forest port. Its functioning is complicated by the fact that wood and products from it require special conditions for loading and storage. Therefore the park of loading equipment here is designed for it.

At the berths, both stationary portal and bridge cranes and mobile loaders of finished products operate . At the same time, their carrying capacity varies from 5 to 104 tons.

To store delicate products are equipped warehouses of closed type with a total area of about 70 thousand square meters. Open areas for the forest are more than 364 thousand square meters. Among them there is enough space for storing containers of various types.

Specific in its function and also the fishing port. He works with perishable goods, and this leaves his imprint on his arrangement. There are 6 berths in the port equipped for fast unloading of refrigerated cargo. The warehouses are also mainly focused on cooling and long-term storage of frozen products.

Unlimited opportunities for cargo transportation

Already today, the "Big Port of St. Petersburg" simply amazes the imagination with its scale and capabilities for servicing the merchant fleet. In a year it takes hundreds of thousands of ships that bring millions of tons of cargo of various types. But the need for the development of the port is growing every year.

For this reason, his administration always monitors the possibility of increasing the capacity of the service, and plans always include the opening of new berths, warehouses, and deepening of canals. All this allows the "Big Port" to remain modern and capable of meeting the RF needs in sea freight traffic.