Shed roof with their own hands step by step. Single-pitched roof installation

One-deck roofing is one of the most popular types of roofs. Most often, such structures can be seen in various kinds of economic buildings - sheds, garages, baths, etc. Sometimes such a roof is found in residential buildings. How exactly the one-pitched roof is assembled with our own hands, we will take a step-by-step look further in the article.

What materials will be needed?

For the construction of a one-pit roof it will be necessary to purchase the following:

In addition, the following tools will be needed:

• Screwdriver and hammer.
• Self-tapping roofing and nails.
• Electric saw.

Designing of roofing

How is building such a construction as a single-pitched roof, with their own hands? Let's take a look at it a bit later. Of course, before you start work, it's worthwhile to draw up a project and draw a diagram. At this stage, the slope angle is selected and all necessary calculations are performed.

The first indicator depends on several factors. This is the wind and snow loads that will operate in this region. The calculation is made using special cards. Drawings of roofs are made with obligatory account of the parameters laid down by the standards.

Also the angle of inclination depends on the chosen roofing material. At the moment, the most popular kind of planking is the corrugated sheet, in particular, its variety, such as metal. Next, we will consider the method of mounting this particular material. When using it, the minimum angle of inclination of a single-pit roof should be 14 degrees.

The draft of a single-pitched roof must also take into account such a parameter: the required amount of roofing material. About how to find out how much you need to buy sheets of metal, we will tell below.

Roof rafters

The construction of a single-pitched roof, in particular its rafter system, is characterized by constructive simplicity. The frame of such a roof includes the following elements:

• Mauerlatt . This is the name of a thick bar, laid along the walls and serving as a support for the rafters.
• Rafting legs. This is the main element of the roof. Serves as a support under the crate.
• Support racks. One edge of a single-pitched roof must be higher than the other. In order to achieve this, either a thick bar or support posts are used. When the span is more than 4.5 m, intermediate stands are placed.
• The Ukosina . In the event that the width of spans exceeds 6 m, the posts are further strengthened by a jib (at an angle of 45 degrees). If the distance between the supporting walls exceeds 9 m, two jibs are installed on both sides.

Calculation of the rafter system

It is with him begin the calculation of a saddle roof. Trigonometric functions are used. The length of the rafters, for example, is found by the following formula: C = A / cosine a, where C is the length of the rafters, A is the width of the span, and a is the slope angle of the ramp. To the received figure it will be necessary to add 50 m to eaves of cornices.

Calculation of roofing material

Next, let's look at how the material for the roof is calculated. The necessary amount of metal is easy to calculate. To do this, you first need to find the ramp area, multiplying the length of the rafters by the length of the cornice. Further to the result, add 4 cm to the overhang. Usually one sheet is enough for the length of a single-pitched roof. If the ramp is very long, you will also need to consider the width of the overlap. For a standard roof with an angle of inclination of about 35 degrees, this parameter is usually 15 cm. The width of vertical overlaps between the sheets is usually within 20 cm. This is the minimum value. For reliability, the overlap can be made wider.

Mounting the Mauerlat

Consider installing a structure such as a single-pitched roof, with your own hands (step by step). The assembly of the rafter system begins with the installation of the Mauerlat. For a single-pitched roof, only two bars can be mounted on opposite sides of the span. If the walls near the building are monolithic concrete, when erecting from above, it is necessary to pour anchor bolts in 50 cm steps. Similarly, if the walls are constructed of gas or foam concrete. According to the rules, when erected from above, it is necessary to arrange a monolithic concrete belt. The easiest way to fix the Mauerlat brickwork to a wire rod is by fitting it directly into the masonry in three rows from the top.

In the event that an anchor was used, the bar first rises to the wall and is laid on them. Then it should be slightly taped with a sledgehammer. As a result, there will be marks on the bottom side of the anchors. In these places and drilled holes. Then the bar should be again put on the wall and securely fastened with nuts with wide washers.

Installation of racks under rafters

Of course, only with the proper assembly of the rafter system will get a reliable and durable roof. With your own hands (photo of a similar design you can see below) make it quite realistic. First of all, racks for rafters are installed. First, the elements are fastened along the wall of the wall above which the highest point of the slope will be. Then mount the posts on the intermediate walls. Preliminarily on them in the same way as the Mauerlat, fix the log-log. The distance between the rafters is usually 80 cm. If the roof is erected over a bath or a house, and then it is supposed to be warmed, it is best if the step between the legs is equal to the width of the chosen insulation.

Mount the racks to the Mauerlat and the zinced corners. Then, if necessary, mount the supporting jibs. They make them from a beam of lesser thickness than the racks, and fastened with nails closer to the inner space of the future attic.

Mounting of rafters

Too massive rafters to such a construction, as a single-pitched roof made of corrugated board, it is not necessary to arrange. The material is very light, and it does not overload the supports. To the Mauerlat, the rafters can also be fastened to the corner. Sometimes a knot of three nails is used, one of which is driven from above vertically, and the other two - at the sides at an angle. Over the racks, a run is first mounted. In the rafters under it you need to cut a nest. Fastening is performed on nails.

Rafters of a saddle roof must be impregnated with antiseptic. This will significantly extend the life of the roof. Any, even the most reliable roofing material from time to time gives leaks. Falling into the so-called roofing pie water causes rotting wood.

Waterproofing

The construction of a saddle roof, like the roof of any other structure, necessarily involves the installation of a waterproofing material. Strips of polyethylene film are mounted in a horizontal direction. Vnatyag it can not be fixed. The fact is that any wooden structure eventually settles a little. In addition, with a strong wind, small changes in the structure can occur. As a result, the film can simply tear. Too large a sag to do also is not necessary.

Fasten the film directly to the rafters on bars 50 * 50 mm. Next, a horizontal crate is mounted on top of them. The step between the individual elements should be equal to the width of the metal tile. Nailed crate for galvanized nails.

Arrangement of gutter system and cornice bar

At the next stage, roofing material for the roof is mounted. If the project provides a drainage system, first you need to install a chute. The distance between the fasteners depends on the type of drainage. Next, you need to fix the cornice bar along the edge of the ramp on the bottom battens (over the gutter brackets) . Fasten it with nails or self-tapping screws with a step of 30 cm. The overlap between the parts of the bar should be at least 10 cm.

Installation of metal tile

Then proceed to fastening the sheets. Drawings of roofs with one ramp are not particularly complicated. It is possible to cover such constructions with metal tiles very quickly. Start work from the butt of the ramp. The first sheet is leveled over the cornice in such a way that a small overhang is left, and fix it at the ridge on one screw. Next, the second sheet is lifted onto the roof, it is also leveled on the bottom and fastened with the first to the self-tapping screws along the crest of the wave through one. Fixing in this way a few sheets, they are once again trimmed and fastened to the crate. Do this also with the help of self-tapping screws at the bottom of the waves through one.

Arranging a structure such as a shed roof made of corrugated board, you need to follow certain rules. This will avoid damage to the upper polymer layer of the sheets and do not shorten their service life. First, the cutting of material should be done only with scissors for metal. For this purpose, Bulgaria can not be used. Secondly, you need to walk on the roof in soft shoes. Keep the sheets in not too high piles, preferably in a covered area.

Mounting of a heater

So, we with you in all details have understood with how to make a one-pitched roof. In the event that a single-deck roof is erected over an apartment house and in the future it is planned to build an attic under it, of course, it will need to be insulated. For insulation, mineral wool is most often used . Styrofoam - the material is also very good. However, it costs a little more. In addition, it can not be used in those houses where there are mice. The fact that the rodents just love to do in the foam materials moves and arrange holes in them. Mice in suburban homes - a phenomenon quite ordinary.

When insulating from the inside, you get a pretty attractive roof with your own hands (photo confirms it). Therefore, we will consider this method below. Rafter legs, if this was not done during assembly, must necessarily be treated with antifungal and raising the fire-resistant properties of wood composition.

Further, between them, mineral wool plates are installed. In order that they do not fall out of the inclined ramp, they fix it with an ordinary wire, stretching it from the rafters to the rafters.

Steam insulation and finishing of the attic

After installing the heater, the vapor barrier is attached. Its use is a necessary procedure. The fact is that it is under the roof that the main quantity of steam and condensate of the residential building is accumulated. If the vapor barrier is not installed, the water will begin to settle directly on the heater. And this, of course, will sharply reduce its thermal insulation properties.

How to make a roofed roof warm? It is important to choose the correct vapor barrier. You can tighten the structure, for example, with polyethylene. However, in our time, special materials are most often used for this. On the one hand they have a foil layer. At the attics, covered with such material, the heat is better preserved. Fix the vapor barrier in the direction of the room with the foil side facing outwards. Like a waterproofing film, attach it to small bars. This allows you to additionally arrange an air gap, through which the air will continue to flow, drying the vapor barrier.

At the final stage, the brusks are mounted with finishing. Most often, inexpensive plywood is used to coat lofts. Modern varieties of it look quite dignified. The attic, lined with this material, looks attractive. Do not even need to use additional design - wallpaper, coloring, etc. Sometimes the attic is finished with a lining, blockhouse or plasterboard. If desired, the skates can also be plastered. However, you should know that this option is not the best. Plaster very heavily weight rafter system. In addition, with the slightest leakage, it will begin to fall off pieces.

So, we have discussed how to mount a single-pitched roof with your own hands, step by step. We hope, now you are more or less clear how to install the rafter system, do the lining and insulate the attic. Carry out the work carefully, adhering to all the put technologies, and you will get a reliable reliable roof, which will serve not one decade.