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Sexual Relationships In Ancient China In The Age Of The Zhou Dynasty

Strictly patriarchal system of Zhou and subsequent dynasties completely changed the situation in society. A special role belongs here to the Confucian school, which was oriented towards the practical needs of a society based on a healthy family. At the same time, the man was extolled as an indisputable leader and head of the family, strong and active, a symbol of light, standing much higher than a woman who was weak and passive, a symbol of darkness. And yet all these centuries of dominance of the Confucian school, under the influence of which minds were formed, could not erase the image of the mother from the Chinese subconscious. Throughout the history of the development of China's thought and religion, one can find strong opposition, which has a permanence, later canonized in Taoism. This is the proclamation of the negative over the positive, the passivity over the activity.

As we will see later, over the centuries, the reflections of the Chou Chinese about sex were based on the idea that the woman is the Great Mother. It is she who gives food not only to her offspring, but also replenishes the strength of her partner, who during sexual activities nourishes and strengthens her limited life force at her expense. After all, the image of the mother permeates late Taoism, both from the standpoint of the religion of the elect as the "beginning of all beginnings", and from the point of view of the material world in its physical sense. Unclear, difficult to understand comparisons are often found in the covered literature of Taoism. For example, the "deep valley" and "mysterious gates" in sexological and magical Taoic texts mean simply "womb" and "vulva".

Similar terms seem to be based on the position that the woman is the womb of the earth. As we shall see later, it was believed that fog and clouds contain a large proportion of the vital essence of the cosmos. And hence the traditional Chinese ascension in order to obtain additional strength by absorbing this essence. However, it was believed that the earth also accumulates a vital cosmic essence, and people can taste it if they manage to penetrate deep enough underground and stay there long enough. M. Granet noted the significant fact that the rulers of Zhou usually descended into underground halls or caves, when they wanted to mark important events or outline plans that could influence their leading position - political assassination was not excluded, as were their followers , Drinking and orgies were organized in order to maintain their prestige.

Moreover, not only humans, but also animals that live underground in burrows or caves, were endowed with great vitality by virtue of these circumstances. Foxes, badgers, turtles, bears, and similar animals were believed to be longevity. And the fact that they were endowed with supernatural power can, at least in part, be explained by the conditions of their dwelling, through which they come into close contact with the forces of the cosmos stored in the earth. Later in the Taoist sources one can find references to the fact that the turtle for its long life owes it to the "breathing of the embryo," and breathing under the earth occurs in the same way as breathing in the womb of the mother. Such beliefs, which have no basis, nevertheless explain the conclusion: the sequence "woman - womb - earth - the power of creation" arose earlier than "man - phallus - the sky - the power of creation." It is possible that an earlier statement refers to a time when people still did not know that sexual intercourse is the only possibility of conception.

On the basis of the foregoing, it can be concluded that in ancient China during the era of the Zhou Dynasty, society was organized on the basis of matriarchy.

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