Sales tax

Sales tax implies such a type of taxation, in which the recovery is made directly from consumers through the price of the goods. Calculation of the amount of tax is carried out using an interest rate from the cost of the proposed product or service. Of course, as in any rule there are exceptions, and in the aggregate of all products there is a special list that is not subject to sales tax.

The current legislation of the country clearly establishes the rules for its accrual. There are two possible options: either the sales tax is included in the price of the product directly by its producer before distribution through the distribution channels, or the recovery is made at the place of sale of the product, directly by the seller. But, in any case, the consumer pays it to the producer, and the latter, in turn, is obliged to transfer the required amount to the corresponding budget fund.

If a third party participates in the purchase and sale transaction, that is, the buyer is not the end user, but purchases the goods for the purpose of further selling it on favorable terms, then it is necessary to provide a so-called certificate of resale. It enables the buyer not to pay sales tax, and then include it in the cost of purchased products.

In this case, according to legislative norms, the payer is a legal entity, that is, enterprises, organizations and institutions, as well as their branches. The tax rate is determined exclusively by authorized state bodies and legislatively fixed. As a rule, the maximum interest rate can reach 5%.

Under the object, subject to taxation, is understood the totality of the released goods, rendered services, performed works. The calculation can be made with the help of cash funds, as well as in non-cash form due to the spread of credit cards and payment instruments such as a check, payment order, etc. When making barter transactions, that is, when one commodity can be exchanged for another in an equivalent, this tax is taken into account.

If we talk about income from real estate transactions, then the interest rate and the charging rules are slightly different. The tax on the sale of property presupposes the existence of certain privileges for persons realizing their own property for the first time, since they are completely exempt from payments. But with the subsequent transaction of property purchase and sale, the payer is obliged to provide the state with tax deductions in full. If the cost, for example an apartment, is no more than one million rubles, then the tax is also not charged.

If the payer is interested in the question of what kind of tax on the sale of an apartment he will have to pay, then it is necessary to estimate the value of the property. This is because the rate is differentiated, and therefore depends on the amount of income received. There is such a thing as a tax deduction. If the cost of housing does not exceed two million rubles, the taxpayer has the right to receive a deduction from the amount of the tax paid. As a rule, the deduction is calculated based on a 13% rate. The right to receive it is granted to the payer only once.

In spite of quite a noticeable receipt of funds in the budget, the sales tax is replaced by the value-added tax. Over 140 countries of the world community have already come to this decision. Nevertheless, the Americans in this regard remained conservative and still apply the sales tax. Most economists argue that this position is irrational, since it does not have a positive effect on the economy.