Russia in the fight against terrorism. National Anti-Terrorism Committee

Terrorism has now become the number one social and political problem, as its scale has acquired a truly global significance. Russia in the fight against terrorism makes every effort to avoid the dangerous and unpredictable consequences that humanity is already experiencing.

Without Borders

Terrorism is a threat to the security of the entire world, of all countries and all citizens who inhabit them, these are economic and political losses, this is a huge psychological pressure exerted on people. The scope of banditry in the modern world is so wide that there are no state borders for it.

What can a separate state do against terrorism? Its international character dictates retaliatory measures, building up a whole system of counteraction. This is exactly what Russia is doing in the fight against terrorism. Its offensive on an international scale is felt by the Russian Federation, so the question arose about the participation of its army even outside the country's territories.

Counteraction to the forces of terror

The authorities of the authorities and local governments conduct hourly vigilant work to ensure the safety of the population of the country. The methods of combating terrorism within Russia are as follows.

1. Prevention: the prevention of terrorist attacks by identifying and eliminating the conditions and causes that contribute to the commission of acts of terror.
2. Russia in the fight against terrorism follows the chain from the identification, prevention, suppression, disclosure and investigation of each such case.
3. The consequences of any manifestation of terror are minimized and eliminated.

the federal law

On counteracting the legislation was declared on March 6, 2006. According to the Federal Law, Russia can use the RF Armed Forces in the fight against terrorism. The following situations of the use of the Armed Forces are stipulated.

1. Suppression of the flight of any aircraft captured by terrorists or used for a terrorist act.
2. Suppression of the terrorist attack in the territorial sea of the Russian Federation and in inland waters, at any object of activity in the seas that are located on the continental shelf, where the territory of the Russian Federation is located, ensuring the safe operation of navigation.
3. Russia in the fight against terrorism participates in counter-terrorist operations, as provided for in this Federal Law.
4. The fight against international terrorism outside the territories of the Russian Federation.

Suppression of terrorism in the air

The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation can use military equipment and weapons in accordance with the normative legal acts of the Russian Federation to eliminate a threat or suppress a terrorist act. If the aircraft does not respond to commands from ground tracking stations and signals from the raised Russian aircraft to intercept or refuses to comply without explaining the reasons, the Russian Armed Forces suppress the flight of the vessel, using military equipment and weapons, forcing it to land. In case of disobedience and the existing danger of an ecological catastrophe or loss of life, a vessel's flight is suppressed by destruction.

Suppression of terrorism on the water

Domestic waters, the territorial sea and its continental shelf and national maritime shipping (including underwater) of the RF Armed Forces must also be protected using the above methods of combating terrorism. If sea or river navigation facilities do not respond to commands and signals to end violations of the rules for the use of the water area of the Russian Federation and the underwater environment, or refusal to comply, weapons of warships and aircraft of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are used for coercion to stop the swimming device and eliminate the threat of a terrorist attack, Destruction. To prevent the death of people or an ecological catastrophe is necessary, applying any measures to combat terrorism.

Counterterrorism internal and external

Normative legal acts of the Russian Federation determine the decision of the President of Russia in involving military units and divisions of the RF Armed Forces in participating in a counter-terrorist operation. Military units, units and units of the Russian Armed Forces use military equipment, special means and weapons. The fight against international terrorism through the involvement of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is carried out in accordance with the international treaties of the Russian Federation, this Federal Law with the use of weapons or from the territory of the Russian Federation against terrorist bases or individuals outside Russia, as well as using the RF Armed Forces outside the borders of the country. All these decisions are made personally by the President, currently V. Putin.

The fight against terrorism is the most important task of the modern world and is very responsible. Therefore, the total number of the formation of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the areas where it will operate, the tasks facing it, the terms of stay outside the Russian Federation and other issues related to counter-terrorism activities abroad are also decided personally by the President. The Federal Law on Combating Terrorism separately stipulates this provision. The military units that are sent out of Russia consist of contract servicemen who have undergone special preliminary training and are formed exclusively on a voluntary basis.

National security

Terrorism can be represented both by organizations and groups, and by individuals. The national security strategy of the Russian Federation until 2020 provides for any manifestations of terrorist activities. Directivity can be any plan - from violent changes in the basis of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation and disorganization of the functioning of the state. Authorities to the destruction of industrial and military facilities, as well as institutions and enterprises that provide vital activity to the public, and to the intimidation of society by the use of chemical or nuclear weapons.

The problems of combating terrorism are that there is no consolidation of all public and state structures in uniting efforts to counter this most dangerous phenomenon. Any special counter-terrorism centers, even special services and law enforcement agencies, can not be effective here. We need joint activity of all structures, branches of power, media.

Sources of terrorism

Any terrorist manifestations must be clearly traced back to the source and the reasons for their occurrence are honestly named. An expert poll conducted among members of the anti-terrorist units of the FSB of the Russian Federation revealed that the most often determinants (factors of occurrence) of terrorism are the following: a sharp decrease in the standard of living and the degree of social. Protection, political struggle and legal nihilism, the growth of separatism and nationalism, imperfect legislation, low authority of power structures, ill-considered decisions of them.

They feed growing terrorism, mainly, contradictions in society, social tension, wherece there is political extremism. The fight against extremism and terrorism requires the inclusion of a comprehensive program in which it will have not only political, but also economic, social, ideological, legal and many other aspects. The antiterrorist policy of the Russian Federation is trying to solve the main, but only investigative tasks - the preservation of territorial integrity and sovereignty. And we should start with reasons.

Fundamentals of the fight against terrorism

An integral part of the state policy is the fight against terrorism in the Russian Federation, whose goal is, as already said, ensuring the security, territorial integrity and sovereignty of the country. The main provisions of this strategy are as follows:

• The causes and conditions conducive to the emergence of terrorism and its spread should be identified and eliminated;
• Persons and organizations preparing for terrorist acts must be identified, their actions are prevented and suppressed;
• Subjects involved in terrorist activities should be held accountable in accordance with the legislation of Russia;
• Forces and means designed to suppress, identify, prevent terrorist activities, minimize and eliminate the consequences of terrorist attacks should be maintained in constant readiness for their use;
• Places of mass gathering of people, important objects of life support and infrastructure should be provided with antiterrorist protection;
• The ideology of terrorism should not be spread, and the work of advocacy should be intensified.

Security measures

Objects that can be targeted by terrorist operations have recently become much better equipped with engineering and technical means of protection, and security personnel have significantly improved their level of training. Nevertheless, the antiterrorist protection of places where people are in large numbers is still clearly insufficient, since there were no uniform requirements for ensuring this at the sites.

In 2013, on October 22, the Federal Law on Antiterrorist Protection of Objects entered into force. Now, according to this document, the Government of the Russian Federation obtains the right to establish mandatory requirements for the antiterrorist protection of objects and territories by all physical and legal entities. Also, the requirements relate to their category, control over compliance with requirements, the form of the safety data sheet. Only transport infrastructure, vehicles and fuel and energy complex objects are excluded from these facilities, where antiterrorist protection is built much more rigidly.

The Global Threat

Terrorist organizations operate in Russia most often with the participation and under the leadership of foreign citizens who have been trained abroad and financially supported by sources linked to international terrorism. According to the FSB, in 2000 there were about three thousand foreign militants in Chechnya. More than a thousand foreigners from Arab countries: Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Tunisia, Kuwait, Tajikistan, Turkey, Syria, Algeria were killed by the Russian Armed Forces in the fighting of 1999-2001.

In recent years, international terrorism has grown to a global threat. In Russia, the creation of the National Antiterrorist Committee (NAC) is connected with this. This collegial body, which coordinates the activities of the executive authorities of both the federal and constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government, as well as prepares relevant proposals to the President of the Russian Federation. NAC was formed in accordance with the Decree on Counteracting Terrorism of 2006. The Chairman of the Committee is the Director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, Army General A. V. Bortnikov. Under his leadership, almost all heads of law enforcement agencies, government departments and chambers of the Russian parliament.

The main tasks of the NAC

1. Preparation of proposals to the President of the Russian Federation on the formation of state. Policy and improvement of legislation in the field of countering terrorism.
2. Coordination of all antiterrorist activities of the federal executive power, commissions in the subjects of the Russian Federation, interaction of these structures with local self-government, public organizations and associations.
3. Determination of measures to eliminate the causes and conditions that contribute to terror, ensuring the security of objects from potential encroachments.
4. Participation in the fight against terrorism, the preparation of international treaties of the Russian Federation in this field.
5. Ensuring social protection of people who are already carrying out or attracted to the fight against terrorism, social rehabilitation of victims of terrorist attacks.
6. The solution of other tasks stipulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The Terror of the North Caucasus

In recent years, state organs. The authorities made significant efforts to normalize the situation in the North Caucasus Federal District by implementing counter-terrorism measures. In December 2014, the director of the FSB, A. Bortnikov, noted the result of coordination of preventive and force operations - terrorist crimes were three times less compared to the same period in 2013: 218 crimes against 78.

However, the tension in the region is still high - both the North Caucasian underground underground and international terrorism are active, despite the direct involvement of all law enforcement agencies, law enforcement agencies and special services in the struggle against it. Operational and combat measures are conducted, terrorist acts are identified, prevented, suppressed, disclosed and investigated. So, during 2014, special services and law enforcement agencies managed to prevent 59 crimes of a terrorist nature and eight terrorist attacks. Thirty people associated with the bandit underground, managed to be persuaded to abandon the terror.

When I can not persuade

To combat terrorism, there is a complex of operational-combat, special, military and many other events, when military equipment, weapons and special means are used to stop the terrorist act, neutralize the militants, ensure the safety of people, institutions and organizations and minimize the consequences of the terrorist attack. Forces and facilities of the bodies of the Federal Security Service are involved, together with the newly formed group, which can be supplemented by the Russian Armed Forces and federal executive bodies responsible for defense, security, internal affairs, civil defense, justice, MES, and many others.

As a result of such powerful counter-terrorist operations in the North Caucasus in 2014, 233 bandits were neutralized, of which 38 were leaders. 637 members of bandit underground were detained. 272 explosive devices, many firearms and other means of destruction were removed from illegal circulation. Law enforcement agencies investigating terrorist acts in 2014 brought to court 219 criminal cases, as a result of which criminals were punished, among them four executors of terrorist attacks in Volgograd.

Terror and international relations

Cross-border forms of terrorism are the most dangerous form of crime. Modern realities turned it into a factor destabilizing the development of international relations. Terrorist encroachments on the use of weapons of mass destruction (nuclear weapons) are a serious threat to the existence of all mankind. And the world community , due to the inflated ambitions of its individual members, can not even decide on the exact terminology relating to this phenomenon, although in general there has been some kind of joint understanding of the main components of this phenomenon.

First of all, terrorism is unlawful violence with the use of weapons, the desire to intimidate the world's public in the broadest layers of its population, these are innocent victims. If the terrorist act affects the interests of more than one country, there naturally also contains an international element. The international community does not consider the political direction to be a feature of international terrorism, strange as it may seem. However, in recent years, when it has become incredibly strong around the world, the UN General Assembly Committee is trying again to begin work on a definition relating to international terrorism.

The role of Russia in the world community

The Russian Federation is very consistent on the way of combining efforts to combat terror. It has always been for removing barriers - religious, ideological, political and any other - between states that oppose terrorist crimes, because the main thing is the organization of effective rebuff to all manifestations of terrorism.

As the successor to the USSR, the Russian Federation participates in the existing universal agreements on this struggle. It is from its representatives that all constructive initiatives come, they make the most tangible contribution to both the theoretical development of new agreements and practical solutions for the creation of a common anti-terrorist international front.