Pumps: classification of pumps, types, types, characteristics and reviews

In everyday life and industry, various kinds of pumps are widely used today. The classification of pumps, their characteristics and methods of use will be presented in our article. This will allow you to understand which model is best to give preference, as well as what features they have.

General description of the pump

The said equipment is a hydraulic machine that converts the muscular (this refers to hand-held devices) or the mechanical energy of the drive motor to the energy of the flow of a fluid or other medium. The difference in pressure of the liquid at the outlet causes the forced movement of water.

Classification by the principle of action

Pumps can differ in the nature of the forces that predominate inside. If we are talking about volumetric devices, then in them the dynamic forces and pressure forces are leading.

It is possible to classify such aggregates by the nature of the connection of the outlet and the inlet to the working chamber. Volumetric pumps are characterized by a periodic connection, while in dynamic pumps they are characterized by a constant connection of the output and the input.

Bulk pumps are used for pumping fluids of viscous consistency. This equipment is high-pressure and quite sensitive to contaminated fluids. His work process is unbalanced, since the vibration is high enough. For this reason, they need a massive foundation. Such equipment is characterized by uneven supply, but there is a slight advantage, which is expressed in the ability to self-suction.

Characteristics of the dosing pump

On sale it is possible to meet batchers-pumps (the classification of pumps of this type is presented in the article). This equipment is used to accurately dispense a certain amount of product. That's why you can use these units in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, chemical and other industries.

When choosing, it is necessary to take into account the accuracy of the dose, its volume, and the required filling rate. By types such pumps are divided as follows:

• Peristaltic (they can be tubular or slurry);
• Plunger;
• Diaphragmatic.

Variations and characteristics of volumetric pumps

Classification of volumetric pumps provides for the presence in the line of impeller, plate, and also screw, piston, membrane and peristaltic devices. Their work is based on the variable filling of the liquid of the working chamber and its displacement from the compartment.

Impeller pumps can be operated in the form of dispensers, they can have food, acid-alkali-resistant and oil-and-petrol resistant designs. Plate-like equipment ensures a calm and even suction, which is why such devices can be used as dispensers.

If desired, you can purchase regulated and unregulated units. In the role of a regulating mechanism, mechanical and hydraulic pistons are used. If you decide to consider bulky pumps - types, the classification of such equipment should interest you.

Among others, one can distinguish screw aggregates, which guarantee an even flow of product at the outlet. If you need high pressure, you can use piston devices, but they have one drawback, which is expressed in sensitivity to abrasive fluids. Low pressure can be created with peristaltic aggregates, which possess chemical inertness.

Reviews of volumetric pumps

Large pumps are often used to solve various tasks. Classification of pumps of this type has already been presented earlier, but the consumer should be interested in the characteristics of this equipment. Among them, cyclicity and tightness can be distinguished.

As practice shows, in the course of operation cyclic devices pulsation and portion feed the liquid. Consumers note the tightness of volumetric devices, which are characterized by a constant separation of the suction line from the pressure line.

If you compare with the paddle units, they do not have a tightness and are strong. Users note their ability to self-suction, this indicates that inside a vacuum is created, sufficient to lift the liquid to the level of equipment location. When compared with paddle units, this quality is a serious advantage.

Types of fire pumps

The classification of fire pumps requires the presence of a certain pressure in the equipment line:

1. It's normal. At the output it reaches a mark of 2.0 MPa.
2. High. It generates a pressure higher than this parameter, it reaches 5.0 MPa.
3. Combined. It consists of successively coupled high and normal pressure pumps that share a common drive.

For the reason that such units are not self-priming, they must be filled before starting work. If the supply is from the car's tank, then the equipment can be filled by opening the shut-off valve. The creation of a vacuum is not required, since the liquid level in the tank is higher than that maintained in the pump. If you want to work with the device, having fed it from an open reservoir, then you need to make an initial filling. For this, the vacuum unit must be connected.

In order to ensure the normal operation of the equipment, it is necessary to ensure the integrity of the internal cavities. When used, the pump must be checked for leaks with a vacuum.

Varieties of reciprocating pumps

If you are considering the classification of reciprocating pumps, you can understand that they are divided by drive type. For periodic pumping of water, cement mortars, oil products and acids, pumps with manual drive are used.

The direct-acting equipment is used for pumping steam, water, oil or air. Its piston is thus a single unit with a piston engine.

There are also driven piston pumps, which can have a crank mechanism. The axes inside the device can be positioned vertically and horizontally.

Depending on the type of piston, the devices are classified into plunger or piston. The device can operate on the basis of several cylinders - from 1 to 3. Uniform injection of the medium is ensured by the fact that the cross-sectional area of one part of the plunger is 2 times larger than the other. During the movement of this element, half of the working fluid is in the pressure pipe, and the remaining one is in the right chamber with a smaller diameter of the plunger.

Types of hydraulic pumps

Pumps hydraulic, the classification of which is presented in the article, are used most often. They can be divided by the type of displacing elements. For example, the axial piston, manual and radial piston pumps use a piston in operation. Screw and gear are used gear, and as for the plate pump, it uses the same element.

When choosing such devices, it is necessary to pay attention to some factors that are peculiar to individual types of pumps. So, as the basic criteria of a choice it is possible to allocate:

• Speed range;
• dimensions;
• Cost;
• Working pressure range;
• Viscosity range of the working medium;
• Accessibility of the structure for maintenance.

Purpose of hydraulic pumps

The purpose of pumps, classification and characteristics of which are described in the article, can determine the scope of their use. A certain type of equipment can be chosen to solve certain tasks. For example, modern models of hydraulic pumps are used in the gas, oil refining industry, in road and rail transport, in the mechanisms of truck cranes, in the timber industry. Without them, construction work is not complete.

As a distinctive feature of such devices is compact, but these units are able to perform a fairly wide range of functions and have high performance characteristics.

The hydraulic pump is the most important part of the hydraulic system, since it affects the efficiency of the mechanism. Considering hydraulic pumps (types, classification of this equipment were presented above), you can pay attention also to the fact that they are indispensable in special machines, where they guarantee uninterrupted operation of the engine. They are used as a drive for several mechanisms.

Reviews about maintenance of hydraulic pumps

Before acquiring the appropriate equipment, it is necessary to inquire about the purpose of the hydraulic pumps.

Classification of pumps of this type has already been presented by us. And if you expect to operate such units, it is important to learn about their maintenance.

According to users, melon hydraulic devices are not only important for the system in which they are used, but also very complex in a constructive way. Maintenance and repair is not recommended at home by yourself. An error may cost the system, of which the equipment is a part. Buyers say that to carry out their repair, special conditions are necessary, which, unfortunately, can not always be created in the workshops.