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Poet Julian Tuwim: biography and creativity

As a child, we get acquainted with the merry verses of Julian Tuwim: Pro Panul Trulyalinsky, Aunt Valya and glasses, the alphabet that fell from the stove, the fool Yanek, about the vegetables that the hostess brings from the bazaar. The kind and funny lines of Tuvim's poems remain in our memory for a long time. Familiar with these verses is the wonderful children's poet Samuel Marshak.

Some children and their parents did not even suspect that the beloved lines of poetry were written not by Marshak, but by someone else. In Russia, few people know about Tuwim, let's try to fill this gap.

Julian Tuwim: biography, creativity

His life was full of contradictions. Many people believe that Julian Tuwim is a children's poet. Unfortunately, very few people know what he wrote for adults, he did a lot of translations. It was this man who introduced Poland to Russian classical literature. Poetry of Alexander Pushkin, Boris Pasternak, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Athanasius Fet and even "The Lay of Igor's Host" was opened for the Poles by Julian Tuwim.

His date of birth is September 18, 1884. He was born in the Polish city of Lodz in a family of Jews, but always considered himself a Pole. From birth, the boy heard Polish speech, his grandfather worked in a Polish magazine, her mother sang songs and read poetry in Polish. The family lived poorly and not very amicably, but the boy was happy, how can you be happy and carefree only in childhood.

At school, Julian liked humanitarian subjects, but exact sciences were given with great difficulty, especially mathematics, because of her, Tuwim even stayed in the second year in the sixth grade. After graduation, he entered the University of Warsaw, first to the law department, and then transferred to the philological, but he did not finish it. Poetic activity interfered and kept distracting from school all the time.

By the beginning of the Second World War, he was already married, his children were not in the family, but the couple brought up their adopted daughter. To save their lives, they were forced to flee Poland. Seven long years were spent in exile. In which only countries during this time have not visited: Romania, France, Brazil, Italy, America. They returned to Poland only a year after the end of the war. Only thanks to the lyrics and his inexhaustible wit, Julian Tuwim survived in these difficult years. The biography of this man contained a lot of grief and suffering, but despite this, he was always an optimist and infected them around.

Favorite Activities

He really liked chemistry, he liked to conduct various experiments. One of these experiments almost ended in tragedy, an explosion occurred in the home laboratory. After that, Julian decided to choose a hobby less explosive and began to collect stamps and butterflies.

But his favorite occupation was working with words. He liked to rhyme, invent new combinations. He could write verses in the formula for mathematics and an extract from the historical text. Despite the fact that Tuvim liked rhyming words, he did not immediately write poetry. This required some excitement, a shock. This happened when Julian met Leopold Staffe's poetry. His poems astonished the boy's imagination, excited his soul, and he had a desire to write poetry himself.

The poet Julian Tuwim

The first publication took place in an experimental journal, he translated two poems of Staffa into the language of Esperanto. He will deal with translations throughout his life. In two years he will write his first poem "Request".

Favorite poets, who always wanted to be equal to Tuwim, were Arthur Rambo, Kochanowski, Slovak, Alexander Pushkin, Alexander Blok, later Vladimir Mayakovsky. Of the prose writers, Tuvim liked Nikolai Gogol's novels very much, especially the St. Petersburg cycle.

For some time the author wrote for the stage: vaudevilles, humoresques, but real poetry still won. Tuwim lived in the era of social upheavals: the October Revolution in Russia, the First World War, the Second World War, the occupation of Poland, so his poems were of a political nature. He could not stay away from what was happening and all his thoughts, his outrage at what was happening, found a way out in verse. His friends did not understand him, but his enemies hated him, but the poet could not do otherwise. Once, having taken the path of serving the truth, Tuwim was not going to turn off from it.

The most favorite genre after all was a satire, he was very fond of writing epigrams, aphorisms. The harsh lines forced readers to die with laughter and buy any publications where only Julian Tuwim could be printed. At the end of his life, he almost stopped writing poetry, and those that he wrote, folded into a desk drawer, many of them Poles could only read after his death. Tuwim's verses are filled with philosophical meaning and are forced to penetrate into the very essence of the things about which he writes.

The life principles of the poet

1. Never evaluate a person by nationality, but only by the way he is: smart or stupid, cunning or simple, wicked or kind.

2. Never stand aside from public problems. Politics can not be a profession, if a person has a conscience, he can not stand aside from it.

3. Transfer all humdrum hardships with humor.

"Flowers of Poland"

His biggest work, Julian Tuwim, began to write in exile. "Flowers of Poland" - this poem is for the Poles, as significant as for the Russian "Eugene Onegin" Pushkin and for the English "Don Juan" by Byron. The encyclopedia of Polish life was called by her critics. He wrote almost nine thousand lines, but, unfortunately, this work did not have time to finish Tuwim.

The Polish poet Yaroslav Ivashkevich called Tuvim a sorcerer who knits bouquets of flowers. And about the poem itself said that you can listen to it and read endlessly, enjoying the tender melody of lines.

Ilya Ehrenburg and Tuvim

Julian very much loved Russia, Russian culture, always regretted that he had not spent years in this country of his forced emigration.

In 1922 he became acquainted with the Russian writer Ilya Ehrenburg. They easily found a common language, they were very interesting to communicate, however, they met infrequently. Ehrenburg spoke of Tuwim as a great master with a pure soul and said that "very few people I loved so tenderly and superstitiously ..."

Honored recognition

Everything, for that this amazing, talented person undertook, he did genius. Satirical works, poems for children, journalism, brilliant translations - than only did not engage throughout his life Julian Tuwim. Poetry ... Still, it was she who was the main business of his whole destiny, he devoted her all his life, so short, but so bright.

At home, Tuvima's talent was highly appreciated. He was awarded posthumously the Order of the Renaissance of Poland. He is remembered and revered even years after his death, 2013 in Tuwim's homeland was declared a year of remembrance of him.

Fresh, like a sip of water from the spring, full of life-loving humor, poems by Julian Tuwim are rightfully included in the golden treasury of poetry for children. More than one generation will grow on them, and today's children will read the poems of this remarkable poet to their children.

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