Om - river in Western Siberia, photo and description

Om is a river flowing in Western Siberia. It applies immediately to the three basins: the Irtysh, the Ob and the Kara Sea. The first information about the Omi River can be found in the Siberian draft book, which was compiled in 1701 by Semen Remezov. In this article we will talk about the Omi River, its features, geographical location and interesting facts about this reservoir. Well, now in more detail.

Name

The name Om river received from the Turkic word "quiet" ("ohm"). And in the Irtysh and Baraba the local population calls it diminutive-caressing: Omka.

Location:

Lake Omsk, where the Om River originates, is located among the marshes in the Vasyugan valley and is the source. Further, the river stretches along the Baraba lowland. Omi mouth is in Omsk, on the right bank of the Irtysh.

Description of the river

The catchment area of the Omi River is 52600 square kilometers. On average, the water flow per year is 64 cubic meters per second, and the maximum - 814. The length of the river Om is 1091 kilometers. In Soviet times, vessels from Kuibyshev to Ust-Tark berth were on the river. Now Om is not on the list of important inland waterways. The main tributaries of the river are :

• Acaryka.
• Icha (upper and lower tributaries).
• Ugurmanka.
• Uzanca.
• Kama.
• Tark.
• Tarbag.
• Tartas.

On the river there are ships of small tonnage, but only starting from the place where Tartas flows into it. In the upper reaches the river flows through the swampy and woodland. Then the steppe begins, and on the banks - the first settlements. Then there are more and more cities appear. Many fishermen are interested in the question of which fish are found in the river Om. There is a lot in it:

• Sterlet;
• Nelmy;
• Vendace;
• Pike perch;
• Pike;
• Perch;
• Crucian carp;
• Roaches.

The valley of the river

The river valley is not clearly defined, the slopes merge with the surrounding terrain. In addition to the upper stream, it looks like a trapezoid, in some places asymmetric. The width of the valley is from two hundred meters to eighteen kilometers. In the upper reaches the slopes are sloping, and in the lower reaches - steep, sometimes precipitous. There are plowed.

Omi floodplain

The floodplain of the river is bilateral, in some places swamped and crossed by individual manes. Below - one-sided. The minimum width of the floodplain is two hundred and fifty meters, the maximum is sixteen and a half kilometers.

Stream and current

The width of the channel Omi in the low water is from 40 to 84 meters. In some places on the bends - from 110 to 220 m. The depth at the rapids is from 0.3 to 1.5 meters, and on the reaches from 2 to 4.1 m. The current is quiet, its speed is from 0.3 to 1.4 m. Meter per second. The canal is not clearly expressed, a length of five kilometers from the source. This segment looks in the form of small extensions in the form of mini-lakes, which are connected with each other. And the lower channel is unbranched and very meandering.

Features of the river

Om is a river that is fed by melting snow. Flooding begins in May and lasts until July (sometimes inclusive). Ledostav begins in late October or early November. The ice begins to descend in April or early May. The narrow banks are open, the bushes grow on them.

Omi's width varies in the upper reaches from 15 to 25 m, in the middle - from 150 to 180, and in the lower reaches - up to 220 meters. Depth can range from half a meter to 5.5 m in the lower reaches and from 0.2 to 3 m in the upper reaches.

In 1982, at the mouth of the river, during work on deepening the bottom, a barge was sunk by Kolchak's men. There was a sinking in 1918. Artillery ammunition was found on the barge. A bulk dam was built around the flooded ship. From 1982 to 1984, the sappers took out, removed and destroyed the ammunition found on the river bottom.

Near the place where Om enters the river. Irtysh, archaeologists have found an ancient site, called Big Log, an area of 2500 square meters. There were found dwellings, inventory and ceramics of the Late Kulai appearance. In addition to this log there are several others that flow into Om: the Murdered, Syropyatsky, Kornilov and two Nameless ones (near a small treasure of Samarinka and the district center of Kormilovka).

Ecology

Om - a river, which in the spring time is capricious. It spills and drowns the next plains. In the eighties the river even "bloomed", covered with lush vegetation. For passage of vessels it was necessary to carry out clearing of pile fields and dams. To disperse the standing water, ships on air cushions were launched. They sailed to the village of Syropiatsky.

Photos of the Om River show that in recent years, it has started to descend rapidly. Water comes from it from Vasyugan marshes and Novosibirsk lakes. But every year the influx is reduced. And there is a growing water deficit.

In the federal program for providing drinking water to Russian citizens, which was adopted back in 1999, in Omsk Oblast, the construction of the Om-Irtysh canal was put in the forefront. And also the construction of a reservoir near Kalachinsk.

The main channel was designed and almost built during the Soviet period. It was completed at seventy-five percent. Initially, its development was carried out as part of the irrigation system. This project was approved in the Minvodkhoz in 1980, the twenty-fifth of November. But after a while it was isolated in a separate, independent.

The most important tasks in the construction of the main canal were water availability of irrigated land in the channel of Omi on an area of fifty one thousand hectares. And also the constant supply of drinking water to Nizhneomsky, Omsk, Gorky, Kalachinsky and Kormilovsky districts.

The main channel, the length of which is 53,900 kilometers, originates two kilometers from the Isakovka village, located in the Gorky District. The last 14 800 meters fall on the riverbed. Acarych. Two pumping stations were also built.