Logopedic classes for children. Individual work with children

Without communication, communication is impossible. Mastering the native language, the child makes a huge leap in development. Understandable right speech helps others to express thoughts more accurately, simplifies the process of communication. A child who does not experience problems with speech is much easier to adapt to the children's team.

It should be?

Normally speech in children is formed by four years. At this age, individual characteristics and errors are allowed. In the case of existing violations of the appearance of speech skills, speech therapy classes for children may be necessary. They will help the child to communicate with peers more easily, establish contacts, join children's group and perform on matinees.

It is important to consult a specialist at the right time. Sometimes a timely minimum adjustment can save you from a long and difficult work in the case of a running process. In addition, speech therapy for children is a necessary element and the main correction of the development of speech when preparing a child for school.

Basic goals

Let's consider three major tasks of such occupations.

1. The first thing a specialist should teach a child is to understand his native speech, to observe and comprehend what is happening around, thereby expanding the scope of ideas about the world around him. The goal of the speech therapist is to form general concepts, the skills of word formation and inflection, to teach the use of complex phrases and more detailed syntactic structures of the sentence.
2. Another function carried by logopedic exercises for children is the formation of correct pronunciation, the development of phonemic hearing, and the consolidation of the skills of correct pronunciation of words. Speech therapist controls the clarity and expressiveness of speech, little by little teaches the child the basics of sound analysis.
3. The third main task facing the specialist is the learning of independent speech using various sentences, the ability to tell in one's own words about the event that happened, to retell the stories of fairy tales and pictures. The common goal is the development of the child's communication skills.

Types and forms of employment

All the knowledge obtained in classes with a speech therapist must be used in communication. It is important to teach the kid to apply creatively the new skills in a variety of situations and activities.

Logopedic classes for children are frontal, in a subgroup or individual. Let us consider each species in detail.

Frontal occupation is held simultaneously with the entire group, which performs lexical material. It includes sounds correctly pronounced by all children. Frontal occupation takes place in several stages. First, the correct pronunciation of the studied sound is shown. In the second stage, children are taught to differentiate sounds by ear and pronunciation. In this case, it is important to nurture the ability to observe the words and sounds of native speech.

Subgroup training with a speech therapist should go parallel to the front. They are conducted with a small part of the collective uniting children with similar disorders. Depending on the dynamics of individual changes during the year, the composition of subgroups varies. The course of studies in each subgroup is in accordance with the speed of setting the right sounds with the help of special techniques.

Individual sessions

Automated and reinforced skills of proper sound reproduction in individual logopedic exercises. They are conducted with those children who have the problem of pronouncing complex words, there are multiple speech pathologies, physiological disorders of the device of the articulatory apparatus.

Individual work with children speech therapist corrects phonemic processes, improves pronunciation, increases the child's active vocabulary. She teaches children to build cohesive proposals, gives exercises on the development of articulation and fine motor skills, which has a huge impact on speech and intellect. Individual logopedic classes for children, whose price when referring to a private specialist can be quite high (on average, an hour of work costs from 500 to 1500 rubles, depending on the region and the qualification of a speech therapist), have the greatest opportunity to eliminate speech problems.

Solving such problems, conducted in a timely manner, is an important stage in the formation of readiness for training.

On serious problems

Among children who need speech therapy, many suffering from serious forms of sensorimotor alalia, which are accompanied by a general developmental delay, disinhibition and even autism. In each case, a special approach is required.

In his work, the expert relies on knowledge of the basics of neuropsychology, neuro-linguistics, neurology, the theory of step-by-step formation of actions. Often used and other pedagogical developments, for example, the Montessori system. Sometimes a small patient can be helped only together with a neurologist and other doctors. The diagnosis, as a rule, is confirmed and refined in the process of work.

How to deal with problem children

An important element that necessarily includes lessons with a speech therapist is relaxation. The child should be able to relax and feel comfortable. It is required to provide him with a homely atmosphere, to achieve emotional contact. If the kid at the reception refuses to cooperate, it is almost impossible to make him speech. To create the right atmosphere, a variety of techniques are used: sand games, water activities.

Children need to explain all the time with simple short sentences the meaning of what they are invited to do. Very desirable, and sometimes you need eye contact. Talk with the baby need a slow and not too high voice, because the thin voice of the children perceive poorly. The child, who has serious problems with speech, can not give commands: "tell me," "show." This should be persuaded and parents who are going to have their own logopedic classes at home with the child to fix the material.

Hyperactive and inhibited children

Typically, the problem patient 4-5 years there are other violations. Most often it is hyperactive or, on the contrary, a child who is hindered. With hyperactive children is especially difficult. The task of parents and educators is to try to organize the life of the baby in such a way as to completely exclude all sources of stimulation. The installation should be done on quiet developmental pursuits.

Brave children require constant motor stimulation, it is possible with the use of improvised means: swings, toys, wheelchairs. It is necessary to take the child in his arms and do a variety of movements with him. It is very useful to use music and any sounds. Musical exercises stimulate speech, reduce the degree of control in a child for his own pronunciation. Non-speaking children imitate others and are involved in the process of singing.

About the benefits of music and massage

What else can and should include speech therapy for children? Poems and all the same music that remarkably stimulates hearing, melodic speech, along the way improving the coordination of movements and the idea of space. Many times, there have been cases when a speech blockade was broken with the help of music. Toddlers with signs of autism are important to engage in general games. They do not need special achievements, but in game situations, the mechanisms of communication and speech are naturally included. With kids who are still hard to remember the rules of the game, you can just sing songs - the emotional response has a huge positive effect.

A powerful means of direct stimulation of speech can be a massage, which is necessary for many children, but not for everyone. Bodily contact is poorly tolerated by children with emotional problems. A useful effect is given to the development of tactile, visual and auditory perception. Tactile perception improves by feeling, stroking toys and various objects. Auditory perception is trained by listening and recognizing sounds and noises from various sources, and visual perception by identifying thematic pictures.