Life and creative biography of Zhukovsky VA

All poets-lyricists of Russia can rightfully call Vasily Zhukovsky their teacher. Having the highest authority in the imperial family, he, as far as he could, helped every applicant. And the contribution of VA Zhukovsky . It is impossible to overestimate the development of the country's culture. He not only wrote himself, but also translated a lot of masterpieces of world literature.

Biography of Zhukovsky VA: the history of birth

During the war with the Turks, Russified German Moufel captured two sisters. He sent them to Russia for education to his friend, the wealthy landowner Afanasy Ivanovich Bunin.
The youngest girl soon fell ill and died. But 16-year-old Salha got used to it, learned to speak Russian. She was christened and named Elizaveta Dementievna Turchaninova. Bunin, who by that time had survived with his wife 11 children, received from the wife a refusal to perform matrimonial duties and complete freedom. Soon, Salha became the mistress of the master. In 1783 they had a son. In the Bunins, the living ruined nobleman AG Zhukovsky lived. Athanasius Ivanovich begged him to adopt a child. So Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky appeared in the Mishenskoye estate. The lady saw in the boy a replacement for his deceased only son Ivan. She promised to raise Vasya as a native and kept her word, despite the fact that her husband before the death of nothing bequeathed neither to the boy, nor to Salcha.

Biography of Zhukovsky VA: education

Even in his infancy, Bunin recorded his son in a hussar regiment in Astrakhan. By the age of six he already had the rank of ensign, which automatically gave him the right to the nobility. Education Vasya received first a family, then in a private boarding house. Then there was the national school, from which he was expelled as incapable. Then the godmother Varvara Afanasyevna Yushkova took up his education. A home theater was organized in her house. Here for the first time the literary talent of Vasily was manifested. Inspired by the praise of his relatives, he literally plunged into writing. At the age of 12 he was sent to the Narva Regiment for service. However, Paul I just issued a decree prohibiting the admission of minors.

Then Vasily in 1797 was identified in a boarding house at the Moscow University, which the young man successfully graduated with a silver medal. During this period he met with Alexander and Andrei Turgenev. Together they organized a literary society. After studying, Basil was sent to work as a city secretary in a salt office. At the same time, he continued to independently study literature, in particular translations. After the death of Paul I, Zhukovsky was transferred to Petersburg. There he met Karamzin, who was delighted with the talent of the young man. Nikolai Mikhailovich published in his "Herald of Europe" one of the translations of Zhukovsky. The publication brought Vasily Andreevich truly all-Russian glory.

Biography of Zhukovsky VA: 1802-1815

Six years lasted the first creative period. At this time he referred himself to the school of sentimentalism that was fashionable at the time. Since 1808 on the basis of foreign sources Zhukovsky began to create ballads. Thus began the second, romantic period in his work. In May 1811, a mother came to Zhukovsky with a bitter news about the death of the lady, and a few days later she herself was no more. A year later the war with Napoleon began.

Zhukovsky joined the reserve regiment in the rank of lieutenant. After the war, he decided to devote his entire life to literature. Uvarov, a good friend of the family, to obtain a pension for Vasily Andreevich as a court poet, introduced him to Empress Marie Feodorovna. She appointed him a reader and his teacher of literature.

Biography of Zhukovsky VA: 1816-1840

From this year began the poet's 25-year stay at the court. He settled in the Winter Palace and received a life pension. First he was appointed a teacher of literature for the bride of Grand Duke Nicholas, and seven years later he was the tutor of their eldest son Alexander. In 1826, Zhukovsky, on vacation, went to Germany, where he met Goethe. In 1831 the poet lived in Tsarskoe Selo simultaneously with Pushkin. When in 1836 he learned about the upcoming duel, he tried to settle the matter for a whole week. And it almost turned out, but Pushkin spoiled everything by writing an abusive letter to Heeckeren.

The poet Zhukovsky. Biography: 1841-1842 years

By this time, the relationship of the poet with the imperial court had greatly worsened. He retired with honor and left for Germany. There the 58-year-old poet finally married the daughter of the artist Reitern Elizabeth. Lived newlyweds in Dusseldorf. And in Germany the creative activity of Zhukovsky did not fail. In 1842, the couple had a daughter, and three years later a son.

Brief biography of Zhukovsky VA: 1848-1852

In autumn the family moved to a permanent residence in Baden-Baden. The poem "The Tsarskoye Selo Swan", written in 1851, was the last in the poet's legacy. He always dreamed of returning to his homeland. In March 1852 Zhukovsky learned of Gogol 's death. After that, he fell ill and did not rise again. In April 1852, the poet died. In the summer, his servant transported the owner's ashes to St. Petersburg. They buried Zhukovsky next to Karamzin.