Incorrectly started the computer: what to do?

For all Windows operating systems, including the most stable seventh or newest tenth version, it is typical for crashes when the system does not boot normally and tells the user that the computer is not running correctly. What is the reason and how to deal with this, see below.

The computer is not running correctly (Windows 8.1, 8, 10): the main causes of crashes

As for the reasons that cause this behavior of the system, they can be quite a lot. According to statistics, most often such failures occur due to improper shutdown of the computer, forced stop some processes (for example, updates), damage to system files or even the bootloader itself.

The most common failures are with errors such as INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE (inaccessible boot device), CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED (interrupted critical process) or something like that.

Very often, notifications that the computer is not correctly started and because of this Windows can not start in normal mode can be found with voltage drops when there is a spontaneous disconnection of the terminal from the network in the absence of an uninterruptible power supply or stabilizer, if the power supply is overheated and t . Separately, it is worth paying attention to the functionality of all the "iron" components. But these are trifles. Much worse things look when there are viruses in the system that violate Windows, or for some reason, the components responsible for booting the system fail. Let's consider some common cases of such problems and the basic methods of their elimination, not touching the problems with "hardware".

What should I do first?

So, if there suddenly happens a situation when the computer is not correctly started and the system can not start, it may very well be that this is a fleeting failure. In this case, you must first reboot the system or simply turn off the terminal in the usual programmatic way from the Start menu.

If this is not possible, you will have to force shutdown by long pressing the power button on the system unit or on the laptop panel.

Typically, after such a procedure at startup, the system initiates a system disk check for errors, after which it can boot into normal mode. Visual inspection can be observed in Windows 7 and below. In later versions, it is produced in the background.

Virus scan

No less important in the case of a message that the computer is not running correctly is also the system diagnostics for the presence of virus threats. If the system does not start at all, it is rather problematic to do this.

Therefore, it is recommended to use special utilities like Kaspersky Rescue Disk, from which the download is performed even before Windows starts. In the utility itself, to simplify the task, you can use its own graphical interface, and it works much better than fixed scanners, allowing you to determine a variety of threats, even in RAM or boot sectors.

Automatic recovery. The computer is not running correctly (Windows 10 and below)

In general, almost all the latest Windows systems are characterized by the presence of a special module for self-healing after critical failures. This is the so-called automatic recovery. The computer is not running correctly, the system does not boot, although there are signs of working capacity. In this situation, system recovery should be started automatically.

A corresponding notification is displayed on the start of the analysis to restore the system. But this also works only if there is a fixed rollback point in Windows. If the user cleans or deletes the previously created recovery points before the failure occurred , nothing happens. There is simply no copy in the reserve, from which you can roll back to the previous state.

In the seventh version of the operating system and below, fixing this situation looks much simpler. When the system starts at the boot stage, you should use the F8 key, which is used to select the safe boot mode, but in the appeared menu you should select the loading of the last working configuration (again, if possible). By the way, in the tenth version, the use of the F8 key to call this menu is also possible to configure.

Downloading in safe mode with system integrity checks

Somewhat more complicated is the damage to the system components of the system with the inability to restore them automatically (at startup or reboot after the notification that the computer is not running correctly). What to do in this case?

For starters, you can try to boot into safe mode, then use the command line called from the console "Run" (Win + R). If for any reason this boot option is not possible, you must specify a safe mode with confirmation on the command line to determine the component on which the download stops. In this situation, the command line will have to be called from the Recovery Console from the installation disk.

In either case, sfc / scannow is written on the command line, after which the system will automatically check and restore the failed components. But it does not always help.

Disable Driver Signature Verification

Now let's look at the situation when the computer is not running correctly (Windows 10 on board). In the tenth version, getting to a safe mode is quite problematic. Here you will need an installation or recovery disk, when boot from which you need to select additional settings in the recovery section and go to the diagnostics, and then use the boot options menu.

In the menu that appears, there is a line for disabling the digital signature verification drivers, which is under the seventh number. You need to move to it and press the enter key (you can do it faster by pressing the number 7 on the keyboard).

This problem is often associated with the oem-drc64.sys driver. If the disabling of the signature verification has worked, the system should enter the registry editor (regedit in the "Run" menu) and go down the HKLM branch through the SYSTEM section to the CurrentControlSet directory, which has the Services directory. Here you should find the driver folder and delete it.

Restore the system from the image

It is believed that the best way to restore the system after a message is issued that the computer is not running correctly (Windows 10 is used or any other version) is the restoration from the previously recorded system image.

Not all, however, think about such things in advance, however, the very process of bringing Windows to order in this case is the fastest and easiest.

Using the command line when the update is incomplete or interrupted

There are also situations when problems with the fact that the computer is started incorrectly (8.1, 8, 7 or 10 modifications on board) are associated with an incomplete or interrupted system update. With these failures, you can also fight.

We call the command line at boot, as it was shown earlier, and write the command shown below:

Forced recovery commands

If this option does not help, the computer is not started correctly and the system does not boot, you can try to make a forced recovery.

To do this, we first write three commands at the command line:

• Diskpart;
• List volume;
• Exit.

Be sure to remember the letter of the system partition, as in most cases it will be different from the common value of "c" (most often there will be a system partition "e").

Then successively enter first sfc / scannow / offbootdir = C: \ / offwindir = E: \ Windows, and then the following:

After entering each command, the input key is pressed. In theory, this method gives an almost 100-percent guarantee of restoring Windows functionality.

Boot Loader Restore

Finally, if the computer is not running correctly, Windows of all versions offers another universal solution that allows you to restore the bootloader, which can be corrupted.

To do this, in the same command shell, first use the chkdsk command c: / f / r, and then directly the recovery directives, as shown below:

After that you can reboot. The system, if the failure was associated with the loader, will work as a clock.

If nothing helps

Finally, one more situation, when nothing of the above is helpful. I'll have to re-install Windows. But in order not to "demolish" the whole system, when booting from the installation disk in the diagnostics section, you need to select the point of return of the computer to the so-called initial state.

This approach provides the option of saving user files, after which you can perform a "clean" installation of Windows, which in most cases allows you to get rid of software crashes much better than all the tests combined. But to do this, as is already clear, follows only in the most extreme case, when all other means were powerless.

Instead of the total

Finally it remains to add that the situation when the computer is not correctly started or the system starts, can be connected with the "hardware". In particular, a particularly strong impact on system loading can be caused by a problem with a graphics chip or a hard disk when it starts to "pour". If this really is a problem of a physical nature, there's nothing to be done. But for the correct definition of faults, additional diagnostic tools should be used. Only if you correctly identify the cause of the failure and the component that is out of order can you determine the correct solution to eliminate such consequences.

As for all other cases, it is believed that at least one of the above methods will work. So it remains to advise you to use the options for troubleshooting, moving from simple to more complex methods. But in any case, in order to avoid such excesses in the future, it is better to take care of creating an image of the system or the recovery disc, writing antivirus utilities, etc., in advance. It's quite simple to do this, even with Windows own tools. Such tools should be at hand for any user, as they say, for the most unforeseen case, because none of the currently used Windows-systems is immune from failures.