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Ideas of the work - what is it?

When analyzing a work of art, it is always important not only what the author wanted to say in it, but what he did - was "affected." The writer's intention can be realized to a greater or lesser extent, but it is the author's point of view in assessing the heroes, events, problems raised and should be the ultimate truth in the analysis of the literary text.

Definition of concept

Let's see what the idea of the work is. This is a term from the theory of literature, although it can be attributed to universal art concepts. After all, in a broad sense, an artistic work is a painting, sculpture, and a film. Included in this category and architectural structures, such as palaces or cathedrals, which were conceived and built not "just like that", but according to the author's intentions. Consequently, the ideas of the work are those thoughts and feelings that each creative person invests in his offspring. As for literary texts, the main idea is the idea, which concentrates around itself the entire artistic space of the book. It means both figurative, and semantic, and emotionally-meaningful. It turns out that the idea of a work is something for which verses, dramas, and novels are created. It is important for the author to share his thoughts, to express himself, to prove his point of view.

Illustrative examples

Let us recall one of the masterpieces of Russian and world literature of the 19th century - Leo Tolstoy's novel War and Peace. What did the author say about him: he loved the idea of the people in the book. What are the main ideas of the work? This is primarily the statement that the people - the main asset of the country, the driving force of history, the creator of material and spiritual values. In the light of this understanding, the author develops the narrative of the epic. The main heroes of "War and Peace" Tolstoy persistently leads through a series of trials, to "questioning", to associate with the people's worldview, world outlook, world-feeling. So, Natasha Rostov is much closer and dearer to the writer and us than Helen Kuragin or Julie Karagin. Natasha is not nearly as beautiful as the first, and not as rich as the second. But it is in this "countess", almost not speaking in Russian, that there is something primordial, national, natural that brings it closer to the common people. And Tolstoy sincerely admires her during the dance (episode "Visiting Uncle"), and describes it in such a way that we also come under the amazing charm of the image. The author's idea of the work and the examples of the life paths of Andrei Bolkonsky and Pierre Bezukhov are remarkably revealing. Both aristocrats, living in their own personal problems at the beginning of the novel, go their own way of spiritual and moral search. And they too begin to live with the interests of their country and ordinary people.

Causal relationships

The idea of an artwork is expressed by all its elements, by the interaction and unity of all components. It can be considered an inference, a kind of "life lesson" that the reader makes and extracts by associating with an artistic text, acquainting himself with its content, penetrating the author's thoughts and feelings. It is important to understand that the parts of the writer's soul are not only in positive, but also in negative characters. In this respect, FM Dostoevsky very well said: in each of us the "ideal of Sodom" with the "ideal of the Madonna", "God with the devil" fights, and the battlefield of this is the human heart. Svidrigailov from Crime and Punishment is a very revealing personality. A debauchee, cynic, scoundrel, in fact - a murderer, he is not alien sometimes pity, compassion and even some decency. And before you settle accounts with life, the hero does several good deeds: he equips the children of Katerina Ivanovna, lets Dunya ... Yes, and Raskolnikov himself, the main face of the work, obsessed with the idea of becoming a superman, is also torn apart with conflicting thoughts and feelings. Dostoevsky, a man in everyday life is very uneasy, reveals in the characters different sides and his "I". From biographical sources about the writer, we know that he played a lot in different periods of his life. Impressions from the destructive impact of this pernicious passion are reflected in the novel "The Gambler".

Theme and idea

It remains to make out one more important question - how the theme and the idea of the work are correlated. In a nutshell, this is explained as follows: the topic is what the book describes, the idea is the evaluation and the attitude to this author. Let's say Pushkin's story "Stationmaster." It reveals the life of a "small man" - a powerless, all oppressed, but having a heart, soul, dignity and self-awareness as part of a society that looks down on him. This is a topic. And the idea is in revealing the moral superiority of a small man with a rich inner world to those who stand above him on the social ladder, but poor soul.

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