How old is Nazarbayev? Biography of Nursultan Nazarbayev

Nursultan Nazarbayev is the president (the first and only) of the Kazakh SSR (1990-1991) and the Republic of Kazakhstan (December 1991 - present). In 1984-1989 he headed the Council of Ministers of the Kazakh SSR, and then became the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party. He wears the title "Leader of the Nation". In 2011, the people re-elected Nursultan Abishevich for a fourth term. In this article you will be presented with the biography of the President of Kazakhstan. Also you will learn about how many years Nursultan Nazarbayev. So, let's get started.

Parents

Nursultan Nazarbayev was born in the village of Chemolgan (Alma-Ata region of the Kazakh SSR) in 1940. The parents of the future president were engaged in agriculture. Father - Abish - was born in the family of biy Nazarbay, and his mother - Alzhan - from the family of mullah aul Kasyk. Nursultan's father was a cheerful and respected person. In addition to Kazakh, he knew Russian and Balkar languages well. Abish beautifully sang Russian and Kazakh songs, was always glad to guests and was able to give efficient advice. Now you know how old Nazarbayev is. Let's briefly tell about the president's family.

A family

Biography of Nazarbayev contains the data of his pedigree to the 12th tribe. Nursultan Abishevich himself knew her from childhood. In the eighth tribe, his direct ancestor was Karasai Batyr, known for his exploits in the war against the Dzungars (1640-1680). Nursultan's grandfather was called Nazarbay. According to the archival documents of 1880, he was a well-to-do man, had a water mill with a canal drawn to it.

When the book "Without left and right" was published in 1991, the Kazakhs learned not only how many years Nazarbayev was, but also read about all his relatives.

• Sister - Anipa.
• Brothers - Satybaldy and Bulat.
• His wife is Sarah Alpysovna. At the moment he heads the charity fund "Kid".
• Daughters: Dariga is a deputy in the parliament, divorced; Alia - is engaged in business, she heads the construction company "Elitstroy"; Dinara - is a major shareholder of the national bank of Kazakhstan, has a fortune of 1.3 billion dollars.
• Nursultan Abishevich has 8 grandsons and already 2 great-grandsons.

Education and early years

Since 18 years he was a handyman. In 1960, the future president of Kazakhstan graduated from vocational school in the city of Dneprodzerzhinsk. In 1967 he finished his studies at the technical college at the Karaganda Metallurgical Combine, having received the specialty "engineer-metallurgist".

Carier start

The work biography of Nazarbayev began in the construction department of "Domenstroy", where he worked for nine years - from 1960 to 1969. At the same time, Nursultan Abishevich managed to combine his work with education. His determination did not go unnoticed, and in 1969 Nazarbayev was made the head of the transport and industrial department in the Temirtau city committee. In addition, the future president was transferred to the released Komsomol work. The management knew how old Nazarbayev was, but despite Nursultan's young age, he identified him as the secretary of the LCNU committee. Later, he joined the deputies of the regional council and became a member of the City Party Committee.

From 1973 to 1984, Nursultan served as secretary. Only the organizations in which he worked were changed. Nazarbayev worked in the regional party committee, in the party committee of the metallurgical combine, and even in the Central Committee of the Communist Party.

Take-off of career

A turning point in his work activity came in 1980, when Nursultan became a deputy of the Supreme Council. In this position he worked for ten years. During this period Nazarbayev joined the Central Audit Commission of the CPSU as a member and showed himself to be a responsible and competent person.

Especially important for the future president of Kazakhstan was 1984, when he was appointed Chairman of the Council of Ministers. The government knew how old Nazarbayev was. He was only 44 years old. Thus, Nursultan Abishevich became the youngest republican prime minister.

The subsequent five years of hard work have borne fruit, and Nazarbayev was elected a People's Deputy of the USSR. In mid-1989, he resigned as Chairman of the Council of Ministers in order to become the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan.

A grand victory

April 1990 became the happiest in the career of Nursultan Abishevich. He was elected president of the Kazakh SSR. The victory was grandiose. In the elections, he scored 99 percent of the 100. He repeated his success in 1999, extending his presidential term of office for 7 years. In 2005 Nazarbayev did not quit his usual position. After all, the Kazakh people again gave him the palm tree of primacy. In the early elections of 2011, Nursultan Abishevich was re-elected for the fourth time. So, how many years has Nazarbayev in power at the moment? In July this year there will be exactly 26. The date of the new elections is December 2016.

Party

Before the collapse of the USSR Nursultan Abishevich was in the CPSU. The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan has an article that prohibits the head of state from belonging to or heading a party. Despite this, Nazarbayev supported the party "Nur Otan". He headed it in 2007, when the Constitution was amended accordingly.

Criticism

Nursultan Abishevich is criticized on four main points: freedom of speech, corruption, the cult of personality and human rights. Let us examine them in more detail.

freedom of speech

The international organization Reporters without Borders has repeatedly noted cases of violation of freedom of speech in Kazakhstan. Freedom house's rating of freedom of speech in the media places this country on the 175th place out of 197. Anton Nosik (media director of LiveJournal) called the blocking of his resource in Kazakhstan a means of obscurant theocracy and totalitarian dictatorships. And the "Reporters without Borders" mentioned above brought Nazarbayev to the list of "predators" of the media, which was published on the International Press Freedom Day.

Corruption

Transparency International in 2004 ranked Kazakhstan 122nd in the world in terms of corruption. The total number of countries on the list is 146. 2.2 out of 10 - this was the total score of Kazakhstan. Note that if the score is lower than the figure 3, then this indicates the presence of "rampant corruption" in the country. Nursultan Nazarbayev declared the latter a "holy war", issuing a manifesto entitled "10 Means Against Corruption". The document outlined a number of measures aimed at combating this phenomenon at all levels of society and the state. But this did not lead to any results. At the end of 2013 Kazakhstan dropped to 140th place.

A number of international NGOs have accused the Nazarbayev government of creating the appearance of a fight against corruption. Despite the chairmanship of the European Organization for Co-operation and Security in 2010, many activists inside and outside the state say that no efforts have been made to solve the problem of "spreading corruption" and "infringing human rights". The Nazarbayev family was entangled in a series of investigations into murders, bribery and money laundering conducted by foreign governments.

"Kazakhgate" was the loudest corruption case in Kazakhstan. It all started with the fact that in 1999 Swiss investigators froze a number of bank accounts that belonged to Kazakhstani officials of the highest echelon of power (including Nazarbayev). It turned out that the money was transferred to these accounts by American oil companies. A year later, the US joined the investigation and froze several more accounts, which were owned (according to their assumptions) by Nursultan Abishevich. The total amount of confiscated funds was $ 1 billion. In 2007, the Kazakh authorities refused all claims for this money, and in 2010 the US Department of Justice withdrew all charges from Nazarbayev and closed the case.

Cult of personality

Many journalists note the existence of the cult of personality of Nursultan Abishevich. In the past few years, many Kazakhstani officials and representatives of the elite have actively supported this trend. Opponents of the president say that the country has long existed in the cult of Nazarbayev's personality. However, party associates of Nursultan Abishevich do not agree with this. There is also an opinion that the people themselves are "guilty" in the emergence of the personality cult of Nazarbayev.

Human rights

From the point of view of non-governmental and government observers, human rights in Kazakhstan have always been a problem area. According to the company Freedom House, which conducted research in Kazakhstan, political rights in the country have a rating of 6, and civil liberties - 5 (a scale of 1 to 7 was used, where figure 1 is the highest figure). That is, during the years of Nazarbayev's rule, society is recognized as "not free".

Author of books

• "Epicenter of the world."
• "Without left and right."
• "The Kazakh way".
• "On the threshold of the 21st century."
• "The Kremlin impasse."
• "In the stream of history," and others.

Author Articles

• "Critical decade."
• "Masterful prudence."
• "Economic integration is the absence of a reasonable alternative."
• "Ways to solve the problems of the Aral Sea area".
• "New conditions, old brakes."
• "The effect of associations: problems and experience."
• "Kazakhstan's economy: prospects and reality"
• "Eurasian space: realization of integration potential", etc.

Titles

In May 2010, the Majilis deputies passed a package of bills that endowed the hero of this article with the status of the leader of the nation. This status is assigned to Nursultan Abishevich for the rest of his life and does not depend on how many years President Nazarbayev will hold office. That is, in any case, he will participate in the harmonization of the developed initiatives relating to both domestic and foreign policy of the state. In addition, Nazarbayev himself and all members of his family are exempted from criminal liability.

The image in culture

In 2011, several pictures appeared that captured the image of Nursultan Abishevich. From them, the audience learned how many years Nazarbayev (the president of Kazakhstan at the moment 74 years), and also got acquainted with the key moments of his biography. Separately, I want to say about the film "The sky of my childhood". The picture tells of Nazarbayev's childhood and youth. Also note the drama "Teren tamyrlar", which was dedicated to the 20th anniversary of Kazakhstan's independence.

Hobbies

Everyone knows how many years Nazarbayev is now and are surprised that at this age the president plays beautifully in golf, tennis, and also enjoys skiing.

Interesting Facts

• December 1 in Kazakhstan celebrate the President's Day, which falls into the category of public holidays.
• According to the rating of Handelsblatt, Nazarbayev is in the top 10 of the richest rulers of the planet, who have unlimited power in their countries. With a fortune of $ 1.1 billion, Nursultan Abishevich ranks 10th.
• In the Kazakhstan criminal code there is an article providing for the death penalty as a punishment for the encroachment on the life of the leader of the country. And it works even if the attempt failed.
• In the Chechen Republic, Jordan and Turkey, several streets were named after him.
• He is one of two record holders for the term of office in power. Here there is a logical question: "How many years does Nazarbayev rule?" We answer: 26 years. He took the post of the first person of the state in 1989. The second record holder is Islam Karimov (President of Uzbekistan).
• The general condition of the Nazarbayev clan is $ 7 billion.
• Monuments are installed in Ukraine, Turkey and Almaty.
• In 2013, the website of the newspaper "New York Times" ranked the worst dictators of Asia. Nursultan Nazarbayev got into it. How many years the president was in power and what successes his country achieved during this time, the publication did not care. The main goal was to attract the readership.
• In 2014, the French geopolitical center for the study of crime was the contest "The Best Dictator of the Year." Nursultan Abishevich won first place, having won 100 euros.
• In February 2014, Nazarbayev proposed renaming Kazakhstan into the Cossack. Against the backdrop of the devaluation of the national currency, this statement caused a mixed reaction in society.