How does a person use the wind? How does the wind help people?

Our natural wizard without arms, without legs, the gate opens, strong, powerful, chases flocks of clouds. And these are only "flowers"! The flow of air, which constantly moves parallel to the earth's surface, can do everything and even more. It is very important that it is an inexhaustible source of energy. How does a person use the wind? Everyone had already guessed that it was about him.

Brings that coolness, then warmth

Man appreciates the power of the wind from time immemorial. Even before the onset of our era, the natural helper "drove" boats along the rivers and seas, pumped water for irrigation of fields, and grinded grain. As a result, geographic discoveries were made, corners rang, filled with flour bins.

Once a reasonable person came up with how to turn the wind into electrical energy, radically changing the conditions of his existence. Below we will talk in detail about how a person uses the wind, but first we will give due honors to the most "flying Dutchman".

If there were no movement of air, hot countries would turn into an infernal frying pan, cold - frozen completely and irrevocably. But our glorious assistant "dilutes" the extremes, bringing coolness and warmth to where they dream of, like manna from heaven. The wind, like unruly lambs, chases eternal clouds in the sky. So on the globe distributed rainfall, snow.

Two-way communication

How does the wind arise? The globe is surrounded by an atmosphere - a powerful life-giving gas layer (air), which has a weight and presses on the surface of the planet and all objects on it. This pressure is distributed unevenly, depending on the degree of warming up of the earth by the sun's rays.

The "battery" of the lithosphere is somewhat like an apartment one (almost everyone will understand it: hot at the top, cold at the bottom, "so-so" in the middle). In the global version, everything is much more complicated: the angle of inclination of the heat fluxes from the light is important (whether they fall directly or touch the earth's surface in passing), and also the nature of the underlying surface (land, sea, forest, field, plain, mountains).

Under the influence of the two-way "pressure-heating" relationship, air acquires familiar features of impermanence: warm moves up, cold moves down. Simultaneously, the "flying little devil" rushes to the right and to the left (from the area of increased pressure to the region of lowered, the greater the difference, the stronger the wind). We will discuss how a person uses the wind, the movement of air.

The leap in the development of civilization

Scientifically speaking, the processes of vertical and horizontal movement of air masses are continuously on the Earth. Monsoon, trade winds, breezes (types of winds) have many possibilities. The man realized: they can not use sin. And he began to curb the disobedient gift of nature - he invented the sail.

Here is an example of how a person uses the wind, or rather used it. The ancient Egyptians conducted an active trade with neighboring states. Neal sailed sailing vessels loaded with goods and trophies, among which were slaves. It is possible to imagine the dreary glances of the slaves, who are directed to the sky. The huge, dense pieces of light fabric on the mast seemed to them black in the wind.

People used to sail the inhabitants of the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Phoenicians. "With the breeze" after reaching the place where the Nile flowed into the inter-materiel water pearl, they discovered the "Egyptian market" for goods, found what to buy from their partners. Later, the mighty "cloud chaser" helped the representatives of Phenicia to circle Africa. Thus, the horizons of the development of civilization gradually expanded.

Everything will change

The seas and oceans are the main expanses of wind dwelling: the "reveler" has where to accelerate, where to turn. On land, it is too crowded. But a reasonable person does not frighten it: millennia before the onset of a new era, there were wind wheels (the main part of the mill). On the globe, there are aerodynamic mechanisms for grinding grain with an age of 3000 years (Alexandria).

The rich milling history of mankind tells how people use the power of the wind. For two hundred years BC. E. Persia worked windmills with a vertical axis of rotation (in China they appeared even earlier). We are used to images of a mill with wings in the form of a huge axial fan. The movement of the vertical blades was like the whirling of a whirligig.

They were made of reeds, which were fixed on the frame. The mill was refurbished with a wall: the atmospheric "vagabond" struck against it and "bounced" in the right direction. With the help of wind wheels the Babylonians drained the swamps (pumped out the water). History stores information about the existence of oil mills, sawmills, papermaking, working with wind. When studying the facts, how a person uses the wind (air movement), the mill is far from being "alone".

On a large balloon

We have already mentioned that the heated air rushes upwards. Realizing this, people decided to use this property for their own purposes: a huge balloon with a hole at the bottom through which it was filled with hot air was sewn from a dense fabric.

The experimenters brothers Montgolfier did this in 1783. In the basket tied to the ball planted domestic animals. The first "Sharonauts" - a duck, a cockerel, a golden comb and a lamb, for a while hovered in the blue sky, after which they landed safely. Soon on the ball began to lift a man in the air. Talking about how a person uses the wind (air movement), a balloon can not be ignored by attention.

To help observers

Unusual aircraft served people in many industries. Thanks to them, they were able to inspect the surrounding areas from a bird's eye view (for military purposes this is especially important), make plans for the terrain. The first air travelers appeared.

In August 1887, the Russian chemist Dmitry Mendeleev, who studied the properties of gases and liquids, as well as the upper layers of the atmosphere, climbed up on an aerostat filled with hydrogen to observe a solar eclipse. The case was 18 versts from Klin. The flight of the ball caused great interest among contemporaries.

The 53-year-old luminair of science was flying alone. The ball could not climb to the desired height, but almost 4 kilometers (3,8) soared. The clouds obscured the sun, but Mendeleev managed to partially study the solar corona.

Is it possible to control the wind?

The balloon is not subject to the control of man, but completely obedient to the wind. Scientists could not agree with this state of affairs. They invented control levers (steering wheel and propeller). So there were balloons. Only the air reluctantly surrenders its position. So Mendeleyev, 100 kilometers later, the atmospheric "scamp" landed where Dmitry Ivanovich "sat down" and did not guess: in the estate of writer Saltykov-Shchedrin, between Kalyazin and Pereslavl-Zalessky.

In studying the question of how a person uses the wind (air movement), the fan is mentioned in this context: will the boat move if a sail is filled with a powerful artificial airflow? Some people make this assumption: if the fan is installed at the bottom (ie, it fills the sail from below), the airflow momentum is directed at an angle to the horizon and, reflected from the sail, is also horizontal, it will float. Others say that an unambiguous answer to the question requires an experiment under ideal conditions.

Natural "brother" ideal conditions to anything. He lives in his own space, serves people, from time to time showing his unruly disposition. By polemicizing on the topic "How does a person use the wind?", People are increasingly saying that this gift of nature is not used widely enough, the range of applications will expand.