How do they write the theses? What are abstracts and how not to be mistaken when writing them?

Unfortunately, in domestic schools they do not teach such useful work as writing abstracts. The only oratorical effort, the report that we read to the class, is an abstract - that is, a review of the views in the scientific world on this subject. But now we grow up and become students. And then the scientific leader puzzles us with the task: to write the theses for course work. Or for a student conference. But as the theses are written, the head does not specify. As if we should know about this a priori. Well, we will learn. Moreover, these two or three pages of text create your portrait as a scientific researcher and predetermine the success of your work.

What are theses and how to write them

Inexperienced students believe that this is a digest of all course work or a large scientific article. Others consider the thesis as a recorded report at the conference. Still others - a simple list of basic provisions. All these students are right and wrong at the same time. The theses are a small but self-sufficient article. It includes the main points of your scientific research, while it is written in a simple and clear language and is a short extract of all the great work. There are certain requirements, like writing abstracts for an article, for a conference, for defending a dissertation, but in principle, the essence of such an essay is one: to let the reader understand what the work is about, what its novelty and uniqueness is, what postulates you advocate and what your evidence base is . At the same time, the work of your logical reasoning should be clearly traced.

Structure of theses. Subject

As we already mentioned, this is 2-3 pages of text written by 12 crucibles in the Word. Or 10 minutes of reading slowly. The report is usually given 15 minutes, so that it can be mentioned that it was not possible to include in the theses. This small article should have a clear structure of construction. We begin with the topic. It should be as specific as possible and really touch upon the essence of the article. In addition, it must correspond to the topic of the conference. And it is desirable that it affects the novelty. The topic should not be too long - a maximum of one and a half lines. There are two approaches to how the abstracts are written. The first is that they first choose the topic they want to disclose, and then, without deviating from it, create a small article. And the second method is writing theses, to which they come up with a name. You can act as you prefer. Students are often deprived of a choice, because the topic is set by the supervisor.

Introduction. Novelty

A small amount of the article excludes all pouring thoughts on the tree. No lyrical digressions and withdrawal from the topic at all is allowed. Therefore, the first proposal should carry valuable information. It answers two questions at once: "What will I write about?" And "Why is it that I'm talking about here, is it important?" From this, listeners or readers understand whether there is a scientific novelty in your work , or it is just a school Abstract with a listing of all known facts. This is how the experienced speakers write the theses. They begin their text with these words: "In this paper we will consider ..." or "Our article is devoted to the problem ...". And the following sentence: "Despite the common opinion that ...", "I will try to prove ...". A single paragraph is usually devoted to an introduction.

Main text. Examples and evidence base

The novice speaker is torn between the desire to cite concrete examples to confirm his case, and outlining global conclusions. It is important here to stick to the golden mean. A simple statement of facts will lose all meaning, and unconfirmed conclusions seem to be an unfounded affirmation. Structured thinking will help you to create a good text. There are several methods of how to write the theses correctly. The most common is an analysis of the logic of the development of your thoughts. Why did you come to such conclusions, not others? What facts did you base on? How did you analyze them? At the same time, try to avoid logical gaps. It does not matter if you first structure your thoughts on points: 1, 2, 3. Then from this draft it will be convenient to create a presentation or handouts. But the points themselves are best described in a lively, but clear language. Examples, confirming your case, should be one or two for each provision.

Conclusion

This part of the theses summarizes everything above. It repeats the introduction, only reformulated in the past tense. "Thus, we justified ..." - this is the most common beginning of the phrase for conclusions. It would not hurt to remind the audience again of the novelty and uniqueness of your work. But if it is appropriate in the introduction to ask the question: "Is this really the case, so I am now obosnuyu?", Then the conclusions need to be completely categorical. How do they write theses with a bibliography? Bring all the sources that you use for your dissertation in the text to three pages will be silly. Suffice it to mention four or five works, which are either authoritative in this field, or quoted in theses.

Conference report

At scientific symposia, speakers are asked to write in advance the theses. Sometimes these articles are published in collections. But regardless of whether this text goes to print, it has its own specificity. How to write abstracts for the conference? This text can be more compressed - in fact you will have time to more fully reveal the topic in the report. Usually theses for the conference are limited to two pages. Or even one. This is necessary in order to enlighten the potential listener about what your article will be about. Sometimes the work is in sections, and a program with abstracts of speeches will allow those interested in this topic to find a rapporteur. In such articles, you can do without tables, diagrams and schemes - all this can be submitted in handouts or beautifully illuminated in the presentation. You also need to prepare for the fact that after the report you may be asked questions. In advance, think about where the weak points are in the evidence base, so as not to get trapped. The report at the conference should definitely be bigger and larger than the theses. Otherwise, why did you even come to the rostrum, if you read on the piece of paper that is in the hands of listeners? But to exceed the regulations in scientific circles is a sign of bad taste. Make a speech and practice - your recitation should keep within fifteen minutes.