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Hollow plates: varieties. Features of manufacturing and installation

Building a house is a very serious matter. Taking into account all the nuances will ensure the strength and reliability of the structure, its durability. For example, if you plan to erect a building on several floors, it is better to use hollow core slabs. Naturally, it is better to understand this material as much as possible.

What is the product?

So, hollow slabs are special panels made of reinforced concrete. They have a strictly specified thickness and dimensions. They can be used in both low-rise and multi-storey buildings. It should be noted that today this material is very in demand. In this case, it does not matter at all from what exactly the construction will be erected: brick, blocks, concrete.

Naturally, hollow plates have some advantages and disadvantages, which we will consider later. It is very important to buy material from reliable suppliers. The fact is that its quality depends on the stability and strength of the building, as well as your personal safety.

Benefits

So, hollow plates have such advantages:

  • Relatively light weight. This provides savings in the transportation of material, since at one time you can transport about 200 sq.m. In addition, such panels do not weight the building.
  • Economical during production. On such plates it is necessary to spend less raw materials, than on full-bodied.
  • Cost of the product.
  • Good thermal insulation due to voids. This feature allows you to save money on heating the premises.

Types of plates

Classify hollow-core reinforced concrete slabs as follows:

1. Products intended for support from two, three or four sides. They have a relatively small thickness (22 cm) and round voids (diameter 15, 14 or 12.7 cm).

2. Plates of hollow reinforced concrete with round voids. The thickness of such products is 26 cm. They can rest on two, three or four sides. The diameter of the voids is 16 or 18 cm.

3. Panels that have voids in the form of a pear. They usually rely on two sides. The thickness of such a product is about 26 cm.

If you need to know the dimensions according to GOST, the plates are hollow, in general, they have such dimensions: width - 1.8 m, length - from 1.6 to 12 m, height - 16-40 cm. Panels.

Features of material production

A plate is made using only high-quality raw materials. For example, in work plants use only two types of concrete: lightweight, but dense structural, and also silicate (heavy). Please note that the quality of raw materials is determined by the state standard. Naturally, not only concrete but also reinforcement is used in production. It can be ordinary or tense.

In order for the slabs to work well for shear in all planes, they should be produced with grooves or grooves. They are usually placed on the side faces. If the panels are supported by only 3 or 2 sides, they must necessarily be strained. At the same time, the ends must be reinforced.

Installation of material

So, the plates are hollow (you already know their sizes) should be properly installed. You can not do this with your hands, so you will need special equipment - a mobile crane. Before starting the installation, it is necessary to check how straight the walls are in the horizontal plane. If there is a problem with the level, then your plate will be skewed. This will lead to the fact that your rooms will have an uneven floor or if cracks appear quickly in the stove, which will only increase with time. At the same time, the cost of heat increases, condensate starts to collect in the room, and it is very difficult to make finishing on the damaged surface.

During construction it is important to calculate the load that will be provided on the hollow plates. The dimensions of the product also depend on this. That is, the more pressure is applied to the panel, the thicker it should be.

It is especially important to take into account these nuances in the event that your house is built in the area where seismic activity is fixed. When buying, pay attention to whether the new cooker. Products that were second-hand, it is better not to buy.

Features of operation

In order to build a reliable house, you should use hollow plates. Dimensions (GOST 9561-91 strictly regulates the dimensions and composition) depend on the total area of the structure, as well as the estimated load of the roof (upper floors). Such panels are used for the construction of roofs, load-bearing structures, and also as partitions between floors.

The use of such products also has certain features. For example, if a slab is used to build an attic space, it must be insulated. Incorrect transportation of the material may result in cracking or damage. Therefore, during transportation between the panels should be laid wooden bars. He will not let the plates touch each other.

If you need to strengthen the product, you can additionally use the armature. It is laid from the bottom of the panel between the voids. If the panel has been damaged slightly, a defect can be eliminated by yourself. It will not reduce the functionality of the product as a whole.

As you can see, the presented materials are in high demand and are used in the erection of almost any type of structures. Naturally, you just need to choose, calculate and mount hollow plates correctly.

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