Forms of knives. Common forms of blades and knives (photo). Knives of unusual shape

Knife is called a tool, in which the working part is a blade. What is a blade? It is a strip of solid matter on which there is a blade on one or more sides. The system is usually determined by the presence of a blade and a handle. It is interesting that the blade can have a piercing pronounced point.

What does the knife consist of?

Next, we will take a closer look at the shapes of knives, and now we'll find out their device. Each knife has a blade and handle. If the blade converges to its end in a wedge-shaped fashion at one point, then this point is called the point. The sharpened part of the blade is called the cutting edge or blade.

The blade can be smooth or sawtooth (serritor, serrated blade). The surface of the blade part, tapering to the blade, is called descents. The edge of the blade is called the side opposite the blade. Very often the lateral surface (holomene) of the blade has grooves - lobes, facilitating it. The fifth blade is called the unprotected part of it, adjacent to the handle.

What is a Cheren? This is the most important part of the handle, which is grasped by hand. Between the handle and the blade is a cross, which is called a crosshair or a guard: it protects the hand.

The blade segment located inside the handle is called the shank. And now we will define the most important ways of assembling the handle of a single knife:

• If the handle is attached to the shank with a longitudinal hole, this is a vsodnaya method.
• If the handle is made of overlays attached from both sides to the shank, copying its shape - this is a plate method.

Of course, many people are trying to figure out what kind of knives they are making now. Photos of these products help them to study this complex issue.

And you know that the part of the handle, located on the side of the butt of the blade and palm, is called the backrest? And the opposite part, located on the side of the blade, is called the abdomen of the handle. The farthest from the blade part of the handle is called the head. Very often, a hole is made in it, into which the lamb is passed.

Types of Blades

It is known that the shape of a knife blade Is important for the consumer, but not every buyer understands such subtleties. Masters make many types of side profiles of blades:

• Blade, equipped with a straight shoe, is able to cut and pierce with a point.
• And if the drop-point is lowered? In this case, the point is placed on the axis of the impact of force when pricking: the blade and cuts, and the tunic is equally magnificent. Such a blade is slightly lighter than a wedge of the same length without a lowered line of the butt. The front part of the shoe is sometimes equipped with a falshlevel formed by descents without sharpening, or by a second full-bladed blade (one-and-a-half sharpening), which helps the blade to penetrate into the cut thing when pricking.
• With the raising of the trailing-point line. Blade of this kind has the greatest length of the blade, which is convenient when cutting non-rigid material. The shoe of some national knives with a similar blade has sharpening.
• A blade of a bow or pin (clip-point). On the shoe you can see a scalloped "pike", which brings the point closer to the line of force when the prick. With this nuance, the blade is identical to the drop-point type, but its tip is thinner, shilo shaped. The bevel can also be made in the form of sharpening. Knives of this kind are very popular in the USA.
• Scrumaxx blade or "goat's leg". Thanks to a straight blade, this blade can accurately cut material. This knife is safe: it lacks a point, and it is unable to pierce things. Such forms of knives Are popular among professional buyers. There is a knife and a garden knife, an electrician's knife and others. Very often, this form is found among folding multiobject knives.
• Blade American tanto. History says that this type came from Japanese knives. But in fact he was invented in the US quite recently by a subsidiary of Cold Steel. This blade is necessary to reduce the cost of technological work. Some sources claim that this design was created by Bob Lumu. Today, a very popular option is "chisel sharpening": the cutting edge of this species is formed by descents from only one side. Such knife shapes are suitable for individual cutting manipulations. With a force injection, there is little chance of cleavage of the point. This type of blade is usually used on combat knives.
• Spear-point. Here the point is on the middle line of the double-edged sword. As a rule, it is used on knives and daggers, adapted for injection. However, very often this blade is used in the blades with which honeycombs are printed during the manufacture of centrifugal honey.

Cross-section of blades

And now consider the shapes of knife blades. Here the following main types are distinguished:

• Straight wedge from the butt. It is triangular in section with a blade, which is usually called the Scandinavian type of sharpening. Its cutting edge has a small angle, and it has flat descents. Thanks to these nuances, the blade can perfectly cut. This sample weighs much less than a blade with slopes not full-width. But it is poorly adapted to cutting operations, since the thin cutting edge has less strength. This model is made only from quality raw materials and must be subjected to its thermomechanical treatment.
• Blade with straight descents. This sample is similar to a blade of the first type, but its cutting edge forms a more obtuse angle. This nuance in reducing the quality of the cut contributes to greater strength and durability.
• Blade with concave (shaving) descents. With its help, the cutting edge can be given a special subtlety, while having a thick and durable boot. Used for the production of dangerous razors and knives with a sharp blade. Very often the concavity of descents is explained by technological moments (the descents are made by rotating cylindrical cutting tools).
• Blade with convex (lenticular) descents. With chopping impacts, this product shows special strength.
• Straight wedge, which has carts to the cutting edge. Quite often it is called a European kind of sharpening. It looks like a blade of the first sample, but its cutting edge is formed by a more blunt angle, which appears due to the approaches near the cutting edge.

Handles

Knife handle shape Has many modifications. It varies depending on the work for which the knives are purchased. All the variety of handles is divided into the following groups:

• Straight lines.
• Conical.
• Cone forward.
• Cone back.
• Concave.
• Convex (spindle-shaped and barrel-shaped).
• Flat.
• Stick-stop (T-shaped).
• In the shape of a hook.
• Free form.

So, what are the straight arms? They do not have extensions, constrictions and other changes in the relief. In general, this is one of the oldest classical forms. Interestingly, a straight handle allows you to equip the product with a pommel. Today, this form is found in kitchen knives.

Of course, this design is very convenient and has a huge number of positive qualities. But it does not have any limiters, which is not safe for the owner. A knife with a straight handle is not universal. The plane of its blade relative to space is difficult to determine, there is the possibility of sliding the palm to the blade, ergonomic properties are low. These nuances only reduce the authority of direct arms. However, history tells us the opposite: the Japanese traditional knives of aikuti were equipped with straight arms.

Handles of a cone-shaped shape are called conical: they have a constriction backward or forward. More recently, hilt with an expanding cone was known among daggers intended only for the left hand. The handle, tapering to the blade, is considered more comfortable and ergonomic. This type was popular among Muslims: they were proud of Turkish scimitar daggers and Persian kards.

Variety of handles

So, we found out that the shape of the knife handle Is an important nuance in its design. Interestingly, concave handles are easy and convenient to hold in your hand. This species was popular both among Japanese masters, and among the inhabitants of Ancient Rus.

And with convex arms, combat and hunting knives were always equipped. In general, they are considered one of the most common and comfortable for work samples. Convex handles can have a symmetrical and one-sided shape.

If the handle has a thickening in the middle part, it is called barrel-shaped. The thickened middle part allows to work in difficult weather conditions, for example, in frost. Of course, ergonomics suffer from this, but reliability rises. The barrel-shaped handle does not have an emphasis. Large products of this kind do not tire the brush, but it is difficult to perform accurate work with them.

And what is a flat handle? This form is completely inconvenient for work, since it contributes to the formation of calluses. This kind can be found in knives of concealed wearing, ritual weapons and some other models. A knife with a flat handle is quite easy to hide, but it is non-functional and completely uncomfortable. Calculate the plane of cut for this type of difficult and time consuming. It must be taken into account that the force action to the knife with a flat handle must be extremely limited.

And now consider the hilt-stop. This is an exotic and rare species. It can be found on various punch-daggers, cutting tools and knives, made in the form of knucklebones. Interestingly, the punch-duggers are known for the gamblers of the XIX century, who, according to legend, allowed this "dangerous" weapon to use without too much thought. In reality, this miniature toy is on the farm an unnecessary and useless thing: it can cause serious harm only when it is driven into a vulnerable place.

A handle in the shape of a hook is called a bent handle. This is absolutely impractical in the household thing. This ridiculous device is only capable of stabbing. Today it is used in sport fencing.

There are still strange, unusual, unexpected forms of handles. As a rule, these are specimens stored in the handicraft workshop of a national craftsman or in private collections.

Bayonet

What is a bayonet knife? We will also deal with this weapon. The bayonet refers to the stabbing cold weapon attached to the barrel of a rifle: a rifle, an assault rifle or a rifle. It is used for bayonet combat. They can be worn on a waist belt or in some other place: it is included in the equipment set of a serviceman.

Well, a bayonet knife is a flat knife blade with a handle, which is necessary for holding in your hand. On his ears sometimes you can find sawtooth sharpening. It is equipped with a mechanism that connects it with weapons and scabbards. The bayonet-knife can be used both as a saw and as a cutter (when connected to a scabbard).

Damask Knives

What are Damascus knives? Their blades are known for their firmness and sharpness: they curl up to ninety degrees and straighten out like a spring, without completely deforming. The main advantage of these products is the sharpness of the blade. After all, many know that blades made of simple carbon steel, it is very difficult to sharpen to the sharpness of the razor.

Interestingly, Damascus knives can retain cutting properties long enough. In general, Damascus steel is characterized by hardness, elasticity and viscosity, which in fact allows it to self-sharpen.

By the way, it is made of blanks that have a different carbon content. They are welded together and forged several times. The ideal Damascus steel is one for which the right proportion of different metals was selected. A prerequisite is the predominance of solid steels over soft steels.

And yet, how best to learn the shape of knives? Drawings of these products will always provide a lot of additional information about them.

Do you remember the trick with the use of a knife, in which a man throws a thin handkerchief into the air and dissects it on the fly? It should be noted that an ordinary, perfectly sharpened steel blade can not cut a floating fabric. This trick can be done only thanks to the edge of the blade of the dam knife: it consists of jagged tiny tips - the original pinch-mikrovila. Its teeth alternately cut the silk threads of the kerchief, and the mediocre blade can not perform such a task.

Now we know that on the blade of the patterned blades the micropyle is automatically formed. They can boast high cutting performance, and conventional steel blades can not.

Hunter knives

Let's now study the shapes of hunting knives. For each hunter, the knife is a true friend and helper. This is originally a practical tool. The value of hunting knives lies in the raw materials from which they are made. As a rule, this is a special, hard and strong steel of the highest quality. Their arms are non-slip, and the shape of the blade is functionally thought out. In general, hunting knives are similar to tourist knives, but they are more universal.

Wow, what interesting forms of knives sometimes occur! Photos of these masterpieces can be found in any thematic magazine. Let's try to learn how to choose a hunting knife. First, it is necessary to clearly understand the conditions in which it will be used. Secondly, you need to determine for which job it will be targeted. Perhaps you want to split your moose or wild boar, and maybe you'll decide to pave the way for the pristine taiga?

And there are universal knives for hunting. They differ from specialized ones in that they are not able to fully perform a specific operation. If the buyer knows for what works he needs a knife, he will easily pick up the necessary shape of the blade.

Knives of unusual shape

In recent years on the arms market you can see knives of unusual shape a lot. Many such products remain the standard of mythical designer delights. Of course, fabulous knives contribute to the development of blade weapons, increasing its comfort and functionality.

One of these trends is the creation of multi-blade knives. Maybe this is the best form of knife? It should be noted that the idea of combining two blades in one weapon is quite old. An example is the sword of the Prophet Muhammad with a forked blade - zul-fikar (or zulfikar). Today United Cutlery produces similar knives - Double Shadow Dagger. This product was designed by master craftsman Gil Hibbern back in 1991.

And what other forms of knives exist besides two-blade knives? It is known that in India daggers of Qatar were famous for the presence of several blades.

In general, all unusual folding knives are divided into two groups: knives, whose blades are symmetrically located on both sides of the handle, and knives with blades placed on one side of it. As a rule, such products have identical blades.

"Scorpio"

Interestingly, knives of unusual shape, equipped with blades located on one side of the handle, on the knife market are called "scorpions". This name appeared due to the similarity of the disclosed blades with scorpion claws. Blades of such knives usually have a concave or convex blade. In knife fighting, these items are like knives with a double-edged sword: they can be cut on the forward and reverse stroke without dovorot wrists. But if you compare them with knives that have a dagger blade, then the stabbing properties here will be much lower.

In the world there are various forms of knives. Pictures of this weapon are fascinating! We are sure, now you will be able to choose exactly the knife that will serve you smoothly for many years! He will become for you a true friend in the taiga, economy or work.