Forms of distance learning. Education on the Internet

In the modern world, everything happens swiftly. Often people have to simultaneously engage in housekeeping, raise children, work. It is difficult in this frenzied rhythm to allocate free time for qualitative education, without which it is impossible to advance along the career ladder. An excellent way out of this situation is distance education. With the help of this form of training, you can receive the necessary knowledge without detachment from home affairs and the workplace.

Advantages and disadvantages of distance education

This option of obtaining a diploma has its pros and cons. The term "distance education" presupposes the organization of the educational process, in which the teacher develops a special program based on the self-mastering of the material. Such a learning environment involves the separation of the student from the teacher in time and space. At the same time, modern forms of distance learning leave a chance for a full-fledged dialogue by applying modern technical means. Thanks to this format, it is possible to train residents of those regions in which there are no qualified teachers, quality higher education, the required level of qualification.

Pages of History

In European countries in the second half of the last century, so-called distance universities, virtual colleges began to appear. The forms of distance learning used differed in various pedagogical methods, economic mechanisms.

Interactive activities of students and teachers

This term is applied not only in domestic, but also in foreign pedagogy. In the narrow sense, the concept of "interactive" is considered as a dialogue between the program and the user, the exchange of requests (text commands) and invitations (responses). The emergence of the possibility to ask questions in an arbitrary form, to give them detailed answers, became the impetus to the fact that universities with a distant form of education appeared in large numbers. The technical capabilities of the program directly affects the user's activity, the chances of interactivity. In a broader sense, it is a question of dialogue between subjects through all available methods and means.

A priori of interactive communication is the telecommunication environment. The internally-distance form of education as subjects treats the student and the teacher, communicating through dialogue in real time by e-mail, during teleconferences.

Organizational-methodical options for distance learning

Such forms of distance learning as external studies are aimed at those students who, for various reasons, can not engage in traditional (classroom) form. In 1836, the University of London appeared, the main task of which was the organization of examinations, the issuance of degrees, certificates to students who do not engage in ordinary educational institutions. And at the present time, the relevance of such a variant of education is not lost.

There are also forms of distance learning that involve studying on the basis of a certain university. This is a whole system of education for students who prefer distance learning, organized with the help of modern information technologies, including computer telecommunications (off-campus). Many of the world's leading universities have developed programs for the issuance of certificates in different areas of study. At the Australian University (South Wales) distance learning was chosen by 5 thousand students. If we take into account that only 3 thousand students are involved in the full-time department, the scale of the remote work is impressive.

Some educational institutions conclude a cooperation agreement. In this case, the use of distance learning forms contributes to improving the quality of education.

Organization of distance learning

In modern Russia there are special educational autonomous institutions that are created for talented and gifted children. From the large centers we will single out the Open University of London, on the basis of which recently various courses for schoolchildren are organized. Engineers are trained at the Colorado State University of Technology using distance learning forms.

Teaching autonomous systems involve the acquisition of knowledge through radio or television programs, special printed manuals and methodological recommendations. Basically, this form is used for an adult audience who was not able to complete the school education in time. Special programs aimed at increasing computer literacy and health training are being developed.

Distance Learning Models

A single model assumes the use of one information channel or the only means of training. For example, the educational process is carried out by means of a television program, by correspondence. This model considers printed materials as the main means of obtaining knowledge. There is no two-way communication here - traditional distance learning is supposed .

Multimedia is associated with the use of different means of education: printed manuals, computer programs on removable media, video, audio recordings. Leading positions belong to one-way information transfer. In case of need, additional consultations, face-to-face meetings, examinations, training seminars.

Hypermedia is considered a distance learning new generation. The model assumes application of the newest information technologies, where the leading role is assigned to computer telecommunications. The simplest option is the use of e-mail and conferences.

The main points of distance learning in an OS

The organization of full-fledged distance learning is impossible without the use of information technology. There are two main points to be emphasized:

• Distance education does not imply a rejection of the classical (traditional) education option. Regardless of how perfect the technical capabilities are, training through ICT is a necessity, but not a panacea. Of course, one can not neglect such opportunities because with the help of technical means it is possible to improve the quality of education.
• The main technologies that are used for distance learning: videoconferencing, computer testing, electronic textbooks.

Work with children in the framework of implementation of priority national projects

In modern Russia, not only the higher school is rapidly developing in the direction of distance learning. On the initiative of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, a special project on inclusive education for schoolchildren was developed. Children who have problems with vision, locomotor apparatus, hearing, have the opportunity to learn without leaving the walls of their homes. The state has taken care of equipping such students with a full set of computer equipment. The first results of the program's implementation confirm its timeliness and relevance.

Conclusion

The application of a variety of methods and forms of training allows you to get the desired result - to bring up a harmoniously developed personality. In many situations, distance learning is becoming the only option for higher education. Science does not lag behind those trends that occur in modern society. Each school, secondary and higher educational institution has its own information resources. The choice of the form of distance education is left for the student or the parents (legal representatives) of the student. For this type of education the future, with its help, all have equal opportunities to get the desired education.