TechnologiesElectronics

Diode lamp - the future of lighting?

Light diodes are low-voltage electroluminescent devices that emit light as electrons pass through an elementary pn junction. Radiation of light occurs when injecting through the pn-junction of minority carriers. Diodes can be excited with a constant, variable and impulse voltage.

The diode lamp contains an anode and a cathode. The anode is designed to attract electrons that secrete the cathode, a positive voltage is always applied to the anode. When an electric current is applied to the lamp contacts, an electric field is formed between the anode and the cathode, it helps the electrons emitted from the cathode (such electrons are called free) to move toward the anode. Currently, LED lamps - this is the most promising direction of development of lighting equipment and light sources. Diode lamps replace incandescent and halogen lamps, begin to create competition even energy-saving.

The diode lamp has its advantages and disadvantages. Its main advantage is low power consumption. It is approximately ten times lower than that of an incandescent lamp, and approximately three times lower than that of a fluorescent lamp . A small consumption of electric current is due to the fact that the power of diode lamps is rather low.

The second advantage is a long service life of 100,000 hours, or 11 years of continuous operation. The next advantage: the diode lamp is practically harmless, it does not contain mercury and is easy to dispose of. Due to the fact that during operation, the diode lamps are practically not heated, they are considered fireproof, so they can be used in places with poor ventilation, for example, in suspended ceilings. The advantage of the devices is their high mechanical strength, they are not even afraid of falling from a height, and all this is due to the materials from which they are made.

Disadvantages of LED lamps are more than advantages. The main disadvantage is the very high price. For example, household diode lamps with a power of 9-10 W will cost up to 2000 rubles, and an office type (Armstrong ceiling) - from 5000 rubles. The second disadvantage: the 100,000 hours of continuous operation declared by the manufacturers in practice show a much shorter service life. This is due to the fact that there is an effect of degradation of LED crystals. The manufacturer, however, gives a guarantee for its products 3-5 years. Given that the diode lamp pays off in 5 years, you can lose your money. The next drawback is narrow-beam light and an unpleasant spectrum of luminescence.

LED lamps have found their application in the automotive industry. Since the 1990s, automakers have started using LEDs in car headlights, stop lamps, direction indicators, in dimensions, in interior lighting and instrument panels, etc. The car's diode lamps have a different spectrum of glow: from red to blue. Now many manufacturers produce high-quality LEDs for cars of different models, this opens up huge opportunities for tuning the car.

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