HealthDiseases and Conditions

Bovenoid papulosis: causes and methods of treatment

Bovenoid papulosis is a rare sexually transmitted disease and is allegedly caused by human papilloma virus type 16. Pathology is characterized by the appearance of local lesions on the genitalia of women and men. Neoplasms can have a reddish-brown or purple hue. As a rule, they reach small sizes, rise above the skin and in some cases appear velvety to the touch.

Signs and Symptoms

The lesions caused by this rare disease can go away by themselves in a couple of weeks, however, it is absolutely not recommended to postpone the visit to the doctor. There are cases when neoplasms did not descend within several years. Bovenoid papulosis in women can be localized inside the vagina, on the clitoris, on the large and small labia, in the anus. In men, foci of lesions are found on the head, foreskin and body of the penis, and also in the region of the anal opening. Neoplasms usually smooth, sometimes velvety; In women they have a darker color.

Most patients with this diagnosis suffer simultaneously from other viral infections that preceded the development of bovine papulosis. Typical examples are herpes simplex virus, human papillomavirus and HIV. When studying under a microscope, the structure of the neoplasms looks like a tissue of the preinvasive squamous cell carcinoma (a type of cancer cells). In some cases, Bovenoid papulosis degenerates into an oncological disease.

Causes

This pathology is a sexually transmitted disease and is presumably caused by human papillomavirus type 16. The presence of other viral infections coupled with a weakened immune system may increase the risk of contracting this sexually transmitted disease.

The average patient

The disease affects men (mean age 30 years) and women (mean age 32 years) who live an active sex life. In the medical literature, one can find examples of diagnosing pathology in persons from 3 to 80 years old. Currently, the infection is gradually spreading, covering all continents and countries of the world.

How to identify the disease

A professional doctor with an impressive experience can diagnose the bovine papulosis according to his typical clinical picture. Confirm the initial diagnosis is helped by procedures such as dermoscopy and skin biopsy. A biopsy is also prescribed to detect squamous cell carcinoma.

Differential diagnostics

Symptoms of the following diseases can be similar to those of bovenoid papulosis. Take into account the comparative characteristics to distinguish one pathology from another.

  • Bowen's disease (lenticular discoid dyskeratosis) is the appearance of precancerous, slow-growing cutaneous malignant neoplasms. The main sign is a brownish-red, peeling or dry-crusted patch on the skin that resembles psoriasis or dermatitis in appearance. In contrast to such a violation as Bovenoid papulosis, Bowen's disease manifests itself on any parts of the body, on the skin or on the mucous membranes.
  • Condyloma is a common infectious venereal disease caused by the human papilloma virus and damaging the body in direct sexual contact. Warts characteristic of this infection, protrude above the skin, reach small sizes, have a red or pink color. To the touch such formations are soft and moist. They can appear both on the skin, and on the mucous membranes of the genitals, mouth, anal opening or rectum. Most often, condylomas form bundles.
  • Red flat lichen ( Wilson's lichen ) is a relapsing itchy skin inflammation, in which small, independent angular spots appear that can join each other and form large areas with a rough, peeling surface. While Bovenoid papulosis in men and women is equally common, red lichen in most cases affects the fairer sex. Lezias are usually found on the folds of the wrists and feet, as well as on the torso, glands, penis and mucous membranes of the mouth and vagina.

Standard Therapy

If you suspect a Bovenoid papulosis (photos of typical lesions can be found on medical forums), you should consult a doctor as soon as possible for professional differential diagnosis and long-term monitoring. As a rule, specialists first carefully monitor the patient's condition. Sometimes the disease passes suddenly, by itself, and does not require the appointment of therapy. Sexual activity should be minimized to prevent transmission of infection to other people during the contagious phase of this disease.

If necessary, doctors prescribe electrosurgery, cryodestruction (freezing tissue with liquid nitrogen) and / or laser surgery to remove tumors. In the same way, viral warts are treated .

In comparatively easy cases, it is sufficient to use "5-fluorouracil" - a chemical that prevents cell division and thereby stopping the Bovenoid papulosis. Reviews about it are both positive and neutral - a lot depends on the degree of infection. The medication is available to ordinary consumers in the form of ointments.

Electrosurgery

Electrosurgery is used in dermatology to stop bleeding and to destroy abnormal cutaneous neoplasms. During this procedure, a high-frequency alternating current of different voltages passes through the skin, forming heat. To do this, you need a power source and a special device with one or more electrodes:

  • Electrophulguration (spray-coagulation) dries the surface tissues.
  • Electrocoagulation stops bleeding, causing blood clotting in damaged vessels.
  • Electrosection involves the dissection of tissues.
  • Thermocoagulation is also called cauterization.

Cryosurgery

Not without reason one of the potentially dangerous dermatological diseases is Bovenoid papulosis. Treatment is often reduced to the procedure of cryosurgery, or the freezing of pathological neoplasms on the skin surface.

In order to remove lesions that are characteristic of dermatological disorders, the following cryogenic substances are used:

  • Liquid nitrogen (the most widely used method);
  • Dry ice from carbon dioxide (a little outdated way);
  • Dimethyl ether and propane.

Cryosurgery is effective against the following diseases:

  • Bovenoid papulosis;
  • Actinic keratosis;
  • Viral warts;
  • Seborrheic keratosis.

Professional dermatologists sometimes prescribe the freezing of small malignant tumors - for example, with Bowen's disease, but this approach does not always give positive results, and therefore careful monitoring of the patient's condition after the procedure.

Currently, freezing is the most common way to get rid of a variety of lesions on the surface of the skin. Cryosurgery is relatively cheap, safe and reliable. However, you need to make sure that the diagnosis is correct. In no case should it be possible to freeze melanomas and any undiagnosed pigmented neoplasms potentially capable of melanoma.

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