8-hour working day. Why does a working day last 8 hours

At present, Russia has a normal working week, which can not be more than 40 hours. This is stated in Article 91 of the TC. That is why there is an 8-hour working day, during which each employee of the organization performs his official duties. A lunch break is not included in this period of time and is not paid for.

From the history

In November 1917, a very significant event occurred in Russia, which changed the lives of many workers of that time. A decree was adopted, which established an 8-hour working day. By this time in many countries there was a grueling struggle to reduce the number of workers.

In the future, 8-hour working day lost its relevance, and in 1928-1933 the transition to a 7-hour period of official activity was carried out. The duration of the work week was 42 hours. After the outbreak of World War II, an 8-hour day was again established. Then it was again abolished. And only in 1991 the law on protection of workers' rights was enacted, in which it was stipulated that the duration of the work week could not exceed 40 hours. This is supposed to be fixed in the Labor Code.

Break

In accordance with the labor legislation of Russia, each employee has the right to rest and eat food. Breaks at an 8-hour working day can not last more than two hours. Nevertheless, dinner can not be less than thirty minutes. It should also be noted that the break for rest and food is not included in the working time of the worker. And therefore it is not paid.

Example

The employee goes to work on the set schedule from 8:00 to 17:00. In fact, she performs her duties for 8 hours a day. Because she has a five-day working week. In addition, she is given one hour to rest and eat. This is stipulated by the legislation and labor regulations. She can not abide by them. If you set it a working day without lunch, it would be a violation of labor law.

Is it productive?

In modern life, the question of reducing or increasing the working day and generally the length of the working week is quite acute. Of course, all state and municipal enterprises are accustomed to the fact that the labor day begins at 8 am and ends at 5 pm. Is it productive? And how much can an employee do during this time? Many entrepreneurs are confident that a person is able to work well and productively only for several hours. After that, the subordinate is simply distracted. Therefore, with an 8-hour working day, it is difficult for an employee to fulfill all the instructions of the management competently and quickly.

Not so long ago, in 2010, Mikhail Prokhorov proposed to increase the existing duration of the work week by as much as 20 hours. However, no one particularly supported his idea. After all, a person, except work, must rest and engage in other, no less important matters.

How to correctly plan working hours

This question is asked by many citizens of our country who have a job. An 8-hour working day implies that a person must perform certain official duties and instructions of management throughout this time. Therefore, it is important here not to be distracted and not to deal with your personal affairs. Especially it is not necessary to do this in the event that the head of the organization does not treat his employee very well.

A person must learn to carry out the most important work first, and then deal with the remaining documents (if it comes to the office).

Example

At once three new employees got a job. Accordingly, the HR specialist added work that needed to be done immediately. In addition, he needed to formalize additional agreements to existing labor contracts. The specialist began to engage in both of them, in the end did not have time.

Schedule

Each organization or enterprise has a working time schedule. It is called a graph. It reflects the beginning of the work and its end. It is also necessary to indicate the schedule of work in the employment contract with the employee. It is simply unacceptable to infringe upon the rights of a citizen. What are we talking about?

Suppose a person who works in an organization has an 8-hour working day. The duration of his work should be strictly limited to a given period of time. After that, to detain an employee in the workplace is unacceptable. He has the right to rest and work with his personal affairs.

In addition, lunch with an 8-hour working day can not be less than 30 minutes. This rule is enshrined in labor law.

Other categories

According to the general rule, the work week is 40 hours. This means that for each working day there are eight hours. But from the general rule there are always exceptions. For example, for some categories of workers, the average length of working time per day may be less.

Thus, employees of educational institutions can not perform their duties for more than 36 hours a week. Accordingly, their working day will be less than eight hours.

Employees of medical institutions should work no more than 39 hours a week. Therefore, with a five-day work week, the duration of their official activities per day will be no more than seven and a half hours.

pros

During the working day, which is 8 hours, the employee manages to do a lot of good deeds and fulfill all the instructions of the leadership, perhaps even visit other institutions. In addition, it should not be forgotten that citizens who work at enterprises on such a schedule can safely go to a sick leave and take a vacation. On weekends and holidays they will not have to work either. Because they have a fixed salary and are registered in an employment contract.

The management of the organization always sees the advantages of an eight-hour working day in that the subordinates are under their control all the time, which means they will better perform their official duties and will not be able to leave home.

In addition, with such a stable schedule, a person can allocate time for lunch. With an eight-hour working day, it is at least thirty minutes, but in most organizations this takes an hour. This period of time is not paid, but the employee gets an opportunity to relax, get distracted, normally, without hurrying up, to have lunch. This is his legal right, which is provided for by labor law and the contract. And no one can encroach on him.

Minuses

The majority of people work at enterprises and organizations where an 8-hour working day is established (lunch lasts, as a rule, one hour), which is quite convenient. Nevertheless, many still believe that it would be better to shorten the period of service. This is especially true for people engaged in heavy physical labor. This is primarily due to the fact that people are very tired, and as a result they do not always succeed in fulfilling the assigned tasks. For employees this is a minus, and for unscrupulous leaders of organizations, on the contrary, a big plus. After all, a person who is tired after an 8-hour work day will not demand an increase in position and salary, because he will not have any free time for this. He is not able to develop and set new goals and objectives.

People who work on a standard schedule, most often spend their free time at home in front of the TV and computer, they do not want to go in for sports. On the appointed two days off they go to the store for shopping and gain a lot of unnecessary things and products. Because after work, I do not always want to go to the supermarket for a new portion of vegetables and fruits.

In addition, office employees during the 8-hour day very quickly gain excess weight. After all, all the time you need to spend sitting at a table by the computer, and at lunchtime you want to eat something tasty. The movements of such workers are minimal.

People who work 8 hours a day are often sick. In this regard, their incomes are reduced, and expenses are increasing.

In which cases can the working day be reduced

Normally, with a 40-hour week the working day is 8 hours. At this time, does not include a lunch break, that is, it is not paid. Before a holiday, working hours should be reduced by one hour. This rule is fixed in the TC. In addition, people who work in another organization on part-time, should work there no more than four hours. In the output they are allowed to work full shift.

In addition, an eight-hour day can be reduced for certain categories of employees. For example, for women in the situation, mothers, having children under 14 or disabled persons under the age of 18, persons who care for sick relatives. Citizens who are on leave to care for the child, but are forced to continue their work, must be set up part-time (4 hours).

Important

Despite the fact that most people work in enterprises for 8 hours a day, the effectiveness of their work does not increase from this. Because employees who have a stable salary, independent of productivity, are not interested in fulfilling their job duties more quickly. This does not affect the payment of their labor. This is even despite the fact that all official activities are under the control of the leadership. Lunch break for an 8-hour working day should be at least thirty minutes, but not more than two hours.

All employees, working in this mode, are entitled to leave and sick leave. The payment of the latter will depend on the length of service of the subordinate.

A citizen who works for eight hours a day can not always immediately fulfill the tasks assigned to him. But even in this case the head of the enterprise can not detain him on the spot after the expiry of the working time.