Words with two prefixes: 3rd class

Morphemica is one of the most interesting sections of the Russian language. Analyze word forms for morphemes, determine the basics, conduct morphemic analysis - fascinating classes. In the words of the Russian language there is a different composition of morphemes. The article will describe words with two prefixes.

The word composition

The word can include such morphemes as root, prefix, suffix, postfix and ending. In Russian grammar morpheme is defined as the minimum unit of those with which the meaning is inherent. For example, -sa is a postfix designating a return action, a prefix without- indicates a lack of something, the prefix provides the word with the meaning of the lead time for something. There are word forms in which morphemes are strung together. For example, words with two prefixes, a root, a suffix and an ending: dispossessed, exhausted, not without interest.

Prefixes in Russian

The prefix (it's a prefix) is a special morpheme in the Russian language. It stands in front of the root, in some cases between two roots. Unlike other affixes, it has greater autonomy, since sometimes a side stress falls on it. For example, in words ultra-pasteurized, aircraft, anti-crisis. Or words with two prefixes, where the first prefix is stressed: superconductor, superregenerator. Such prefixes, having an indirect independent stress, are called prefixoids by some scientists.

Prefixes have homonymous prepositions, perhaps, this explains their compatibility with any part of speech. If the suffixes in most cases relate to one or another part of the speech, the prefixes do not. For example, the suffix -nik- is the suffix of the noun, -y- - the verb suffix, -your represents the sacrament; And the prefix, for example, can be in the noun ( addition ), and in the verbs ( come ), and in the adjective ( coastal ). Or words with two prefixes and two suffixes, where the prefixes do not depend on the part of speech of the word form, and the suffixes - on the contrary: re-elect, reissue, conceive, decorate.

Words with multiple prefixes

The words, which contain several consoles, are often found in Russian. For example, word forms with a binary prefix bi- . This is the unit of measurement in which the prefix denotes multiplying the number by the power of two: kibibyte, exbyte, gibi-byte . There are words where identical prefixes stand side by side: desperate, ignorant. The prefix is often connected with others to give the word an additional meaning. So, the words with the two prefixes before, forgotten, the day before yesterday have a common meaning, which attach the attached prefixes - the precedence of something. A similar composition of words with prefixes on and on , which often, joining the third prefix, give the word the additional meaning of excessive action: ponapet, ponaprydumyvat, ponarraskazyvat.

Words with two prefixes. Grade 3

To study the morphemic composition of words begin in primary school. One way to attract the attention of students to the topic is the task of determining the morpheme composition of words, often used by schoolchildren. As a task for self-fulfillment, students are encouraged to select word forms for certain schemes.

For example, a small text is given: The detective, who is not unknown in this city, took up the matter, which could not be unraveled for several years. The question concerned one of the leaders of a large company that was convicted of a crime. Because of this, he did not want to be re-elected for a new term.

In this text it is necessary to find words with two prefixes, a root, a suffix and an ending. The correct answer is: not unknown and re-elected .

Analysis of words with several prefixes

In the Russian language, which does not have long words, few words contain more than four morphemes. The main stock of the language consists of short words. However, there are words consisting of many roots. For example, complex names are adjective electrometallurgical, four hundred and sixty-gram. Or words with several prefixes. For example, words with two prefixes, a root and an ending: presented, interrogation, sale . There are words with a lot of suffixes, for example, settling, teaching. Word forms, in which there are many morphemes, are rarely found in texts and speeches. But they are, and they are quite a large number. It is important to be able to correctly separate word forms into minimal parts - morphemes. This is helped by the algorithm of morphemic analysis:

• Change the word form to find the ending;
• Construct a word-formation pair for distinguishing the word-formative morpheme;
• To distinguish all the transparent morphemes, for example, -ya, -l, -ischa and others;
• Pick up root words for root search;
• Highlight the root;
• Find words with the same affixes;
• Determine the boundaries of affixes.

This is an approximate algorithm of morphemic analysis. Some of its points can be omitted, depending on the specific word.

Unique prefixes and other morphemes

The Russian language includes a group of words with so-called unique morphemes, that is, those that occur in only one word. In some words, the root and morphemes are inseparable: the root is found only together with certain morphemes: to shod - the root is not free, to put on - the root is not free. Such roots are called bound, they do not occur without affixes.

In Russian there are unique affixes. Their appearance is associated with the history of the language, so one or the other affix can only be explained through etymology. For example, the word yearling , in which there is a unique suffix- oval , is explained by the fact that the verb used to be used in the language before - was one year old , and the person who spent a year there was called a one-year-old. There are words that explain the importance of unique morphemes in which it is difficult. So, the suffix -as in the word oak tree or the suffix -as in the word freaks are unique. Or words with two prefixes, which are unique, are prefixes chu- and ba- in words smack and brag .