What is passive participle in Russian?

Communion in Russian performs simultaneously the functions of such parts of speech as the adjective and the verb. That is, it indicates both a sign and an action. In the doctrine of the Russian language, separate types of participles are singled out : real and passive. The first are designed to reflect the sign of an object that independently carries out the action (reading, dressing). But in this article we will pay attention to the second kind. What is passive participle? The answer is below.

What is passive participle?

To begin with, we establish the main feature of this kind of special verb form. The science of the Russian language provides an answer to the question of what a passive participle is. It is intended to denote the sign of an object that does not act on its own, but is influenced by another object. Speaking of what a passive participle is, one should mention its signs. As is known, he has the properties of both the adjective and the verb. From the first the sacrament took the ability to declension and agreement with nouns in number, gender and case. The verb has endowed its special form with form, time, criterion of transitivity and recurrence.

How are passive participles formed?

The words in Russian are divided into non-derivative and formed from other parts of speech (derivatives). The second refers to the sacraments. The features of their formation depend on the time criterion. It should be clarified that the participles can be used in the present or past tense. Let us consider each case in detail. Thus, the present passive participle is formed from the basis of a transitive verb. At the same time, the word taken for the base must also be imperfect. Assistants in the formation of such passive participles are special suffixes: -em- and -om-. They are used if the verb used has the first conjugation, and the suffix -im- - if the second. Examples can be words such as solvable and audible. As for the past tense of passive participles, it is formed from the basis of the infinitive of the verb, which is transitive. In this case, suffixes such as -n-, -nn-, -t- are used. As an example, you can say such words as sown, seen, washed. It should be noted that from some verbs it is impossible to form passive participles in the past tense (for example, from the words "drive", "live", "take", "know").

Syntax questions

The suffering participle is a form of the word that incorporates the features of two parts of speech, as already indicated above. I wonder what role they play in the proposals then? Are definitions or predicates? It can be answered that passive participles can be both those and other members of the sentence. Let's take as a basis for the analysis the statement: "Keen, we did not notice how he was immersed in meditation." The first participle is a definition. The second is a part of the compound predicate.