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Uvarov Sergey Semenovich: biography, activity, photo

The hero of this article is Uvarov Sergey Semenovich. Short biography: was born on September 5, 1786. Russian statesman and anti-scholar. Minister of Education and Privy Councilor. Honorary Member and President of the Academy of Sciences. Developed the ideology of the official nationality.

A family

Uvarov Sergey Semenovich (date of birth according to the old calendar of August 25, 1786) was born in St. Petersburg, in a noble family. All relatives on the paternal and maternal lines were courtiers. Father, Semyon Fedorovich, was a lieutenant colonel of the Horse Guards. He was brave, cheerful, loved dancing and squatting and playing bandura.

Prince Potemkin made him his adjutant and married to an enviable bride - Daria Golovina. The godmother of Sergei Semenovich was Empress Catherine the Great herself. When the young Uvarov was 2 years old, he was left without a father. Education mother was engaged in the mother. Then aunt - Natalia Ivanovna (in marriage, Princess Kurakina).

Education

Like all children from noble families, Sergei received an excellent home primary education. Was engaged in the house of Prince Kurakin. Teacher Sergei - the French abbot Mangan. Young Uvarov was very gifted young man. And easily mastered the European culture, foreign languages, the history of antiquity, etc.

As a result, since childhood Sergei Uvarov perfectly knew French and some other languages, was well versed in the literature. Later I learned Latin, English, and Ancient Greek. He wrote poetry in different languages and recited them with talent. Thanks to the admiration of adults, he was used to success and in the following years he tried to keep this attitude to himself.

Service

Service began in 1801 in the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. In 1806, Mr .. was sent to Vienna, the Russian embassy. In 1809 he became secretary of the embassy in Paris. During these years, Sergei Semenovich formed political convictions. He became a supporter of enlightened absolutism. In 1810, Mr .. left the diplomatic service.

Creation

In the first years of service Uvarov Sergey Semenovich, whose portraits photo is in this article, wrote the first essays. I got acquainted with many statesmen, writers, scientists. This not only increased his horizons, such meetings helped develop aesthetic refined taste, breadth of interests.

Sergei has a desire for constant self-education. It was during these years that he showed great interest in ancient antiquities, and he began to collect them. In 1810, he published his first major work - "Project of the Asian Academy." It put forward the idea of forming a Russian scientific institution, which should study the eastern countries.

Sergei Semenovich believed that the spread of Oriental languages would lead to an understanding of the attitude of Asia towards Russia. Uvarov called this field the key to national policy.

Creative and government activities

From 1811 to 1822 years. Uvarov Sergey Semenovich, activity whom Is closely connected with education and creativity, was a trustee of the St. Petersburg educational district. Then - the director of the department of internal trade and manufactories. In 1824 he became a secret adviser, and in 1826 - a senator.

He was a member and one of the organizers of the literary society Arzamas. In it, he had the nickname "The Old Woman". But a couple of years later this society has cooled.

In January 1811, Sergei Semenovich was elected to honorary members of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. In 1818, Mr .. became its president, which remained until the end of his life. In April 1828, Mr .. elected to honorary members of the Russian Academy, and in 1831 became its full member. In addition to these organizations, he participated in:

  • The Paris Academy of Inscriptions and Literature;
  • The Royal Copenhagen Society of Sciences;
  • The Royal Society of Madrid;
  • The Göttingen Society of Sciences;
  • Royal Naples Society.

Uvarov Sergey Semenovich, whose biography is associated with creativity and education, was a member of the circle of Alexei Olenin - an outstanding archeologist, artist, writer and director of the Public Library. He constantly gathered masters of different generations. For Uvarov, the society that surrounded Olenin became a kind of unique school.

Moreover, Alexey Nikolayevich himself was one of the founders of Russian archeology. Uvarov wrote about him that Olenin is a lover of antiquities and was engaged in all subjects that relate to this concept. His interests stretched from ancient stones to Kerch jewelry and Moscow monuments. In 1816, Mr .. received an honorary membership in the Institute of France for Francophone work.

The nature of Sergei Uvarov

One lady from the highest world described Uvarov as an aristocratic darling of beauties and gatherings. It was a witty, cheerful and dexterous man with an inherent touch of pride. But in many large parties, in which he was, he still remained a stranger.

Uvarov was a very curious and versatile person with broad interests. Only the service was not limited and actively participated in the public life of St. Petersburg.

Uvarov Sergey Semenovich: reforms and development of education

In 1826 - the year of the anniversary celebration of the Academy of Sciences Uvarov took the opportunity to build new buildings and repair old ones. The Emperor and his brothers were elected to honorary academicians, which ensured respect for the nobility of the Academy of Sciences. Uvarov held elections, as a result of which many Russian and foreign minds appeared in the members of the Academy.

In April 1832, Mr .. received the appointment of Deputy Minister of Education and from 1833 to 1849 was already a full-fledged minister. In 1833, when he entered this post, he wrote to all educational districts that education should be given in the spirit of the union of Orthodoxy, nationality and autocracy. This triad later became the embodiment of the Russian doctrine of monarchs.

Uvarov Sergey Semenovich Tried to strengthen Control of the government over the gymnasiums and universities. With him, the beginning of Russian real education and foreign practice was laid. He was able to bring education to a new level. At the European level came gymnasiums and universities. And Moscow University has become one of the leading.

In 1934, Uvarov created the "Journal of Public Education," which was published before 1917. Sergei Semyonovich himself worked out a plan, made headings, appointed fees and invited the best of the "writing fraternity." The magazine was distributed not only in Russia, but also abroad.

In March 1846 Uvarov, being not only Minister of Education, but also a real secret counselor, will receive the title of Count.

Resignation

In 1849, during the revolution, he conducted inspections of publications of articles on the protection of universities. This activity did not come in the direction of Nicholas I, who wrote that all should obey only, and do not express their own reasoning. After such words, Sergei Semenovich on his own initiative resigned.

Heritage

In his own estate, located near Moscow, Uvarov Sergei Semenovich created a botanical garden. Subsequently, it became a national treasure. A. Bunge named in honor of Sergei Semenovich one plant from the family Verbenov uvarovy. One of the minerals is also named. In 1857 the son of Sergei Semenovich founded the Uvarov Prize.

The village of Porechye

In the estate of the count, which was in the village of Porechye, in those days literary evenings were constantly held. This village is located 20 kilometers from the village. Uvarovka and 40 km from the city of Mozhaisk.

Now the main attraction here is the Count's palace. This building has two buildings. The roof is made of glass. Now under it are the plants that the Count grew in his winter garden. The forest near the count's palace is also of great value. During his travels, Sergei Semenovich always brought rare plants or curiosities. And he planted them in the forest-park zone adjacent to the palace.

Since then, the chestnut tree, which is already 300 years old, has remained there. There is a spruce - "Zeus trident", etc. The winter garden is located next to the central building, and its pavilion is made of metal and glass. During the life of the graph he was heated with the help of a boiler room. From there came hot water into the pipes attached to the walls.

Personal life

Uvarov Sergei Semenovich married in 1811 on the Countess Razumovskaya. She was the Count's daughter. In their marriage four children were born: a son and three daughters. Elizabeth died without ever marrying. Alexander married with Urusov Pavel Alexandrovich. Natalia married Balabin Ivan Petrovich. And his son Alexei became a famous Russian archeologist and scientist, lover of antiquity. I married Sergey Shcherbatova.

All the Petersburg higher society discussed Uvarov's homosexual predilections. In one of Pushkin's works he was ridiculed in connection with the appointment of his beloved Dondukov-Korsakov to the post of vice-president of the Academy.

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