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The RPD machine gun. The machine gun of the Degtyarev system RPD-44

The legendary machine gun RPD-44 was created in the Soviet Union by the arms designer Degtyarev. Another of his offspring - SVD rifle - is used in our time. Especially its intensive use is observed in special forces and airborne troops, where the SVD is used along with the VSS "Vintorez". What the RPD-44 machine gun went through, what its characteristics are and how the history of the creation of this weapon began - all of this we will try to disassemble in this article.

Introduction

According to historical data, this weapon was used during the Great Patriotic War really on a global scale. Again, according to the facts, it firmly took third place. To advance the machine gun RPD could only rifle Mosin da PPSh.

Operating principle

How does the RPM machine gun fire? The machine gun was intended to defeat enemy enemy forces. Its construction was built according to the following principle.

At the moment when the trigger was triggered, when the lever was released, the bolt frame of the weapon was released. It, therefore, under the action of the return-fighting spring (which was in a compressed state) began to move forward.

Thus, there was a thickening on the support stops, which occurred at the rear of the drummer's mechanism. The shutter went forward as it went. Stops moved apart. During the advance of the bolt, a cartridge was sent from the store to the corresponding part.

At the time when the cartridge capsule was subjected to a "meeting" with the drummer, a shot occurred. Powder gases were formed, which acted on the gas piston, pushing it in the rear direction. The barrel of the trunk at that time was unlocked, and the bolt was returning to the opposite position, not forgetting to "grab" the frame with it. The shot cartridge parallel to this process was extracted from the chamber. That's how the shooting cycle ended with one cartridge.

Background of the development

It was autumn of the 41st year. To Hitler's troops raced in all pairs. The goal of their breakthrough was quite clear to the strategists. The troops of the fascist invaders had to complete the campaign before the cold came. The soldiers who fought in the ranks of the Red Army provided heroic resistance to the invaders.

Despite this, motorized rifle divisions and tank divisions of the German army rapidly reduced the distance that they had to travel to the capital of the Soviet Union. The soldiers of the Soviet Army were ready to take the final blow, to sacrifice their lives in a decisive battle with the enemy troops. Yes, they were full of determination, full of courage to commit this action.

But everyone understood that on the side of the Red Army there was not enough firepower, which would allow to take the enemy straight to the spear, and then turn its ranks back.

At the end of October of the same year, a flying machine landed at the airport of the city of Kovrov (and it was a military facility). There was an airfield, by the way, hundreds of kilometers from the front line. The plane brought with it some very high-ranking engineers.

Personality hides their history and at the moment. But where the motorcade went with the officers, it has long been known. They went with one request to Degtyarev Vasily Alekseevich. At that time he was considered almost the most important weapon-maker of the Soviet Union.

In what atmosphere and with what details negotiations were held, it is not known. But just before the battle for Moscow began, the Red Army was supplied with what they lacked so far - Degtyarev's anti-tank rifle. The RPD machine gun of 1941 once and for all instilled fear into the fascist invaders, who, if I may say so, appreciated the might of the weapon.

Not everyone knows that 150 test test shots have always been allocated for the invention of the Soviet designer. It's about DP-27. But the new machine gun proved so well that only five rounds of ammunition were allocated for it. Two of them were allocated for testing the automation system. And the remaining 3 - to adjust weapons, adjust or adjust its accuracy. And then only in those cases when it really was necessary.

Launching in production

DP-27, invented by the designer before the appearance of the RPD, in terms of the principle of operation was a fairly simple device. He was going to, respectively. Thanks to assembly and design, the RPD became a very promising weapon, which was manufactured in a short time, and the production costs were reduced several times. Is it worth talking about the reliability of the machine gun?

Advantages and disadvantages

The disk invented for the machine gun turned out to be a well thought out solution. It was a working device, reliable in all respects. However, in order to carry discs with cartridges, soldiers needed to create special bags. They were later called bag-containers.

The discs that are being talked about are known to everyone. Even those people who have never seen a RAP in the eye. Very clearly the actions of soldiers when using the RAP are shown in the film called "Two Fighter". Another drawback of the disk was its spiral spring. Over time, it markedly weakened, which led to a decrease in the effectiveness of the weapon.

In fact, due to this shortcoming, the disc was often delivered unfilled to the end. The thing is, it was not that simple in the outfit. Although, on the other hand, to equip the machine gun tape "Maxim" was also not quite easy.

RPD machine gun: tuning and combat gear

On the possible tuning of weapons, many sources are silent. But the mechanism was not built correctly. The problem, in particular, was that the draft of the fighting spring occurred relatively quickly. It was located, as is known, under the trunk and hardly adjoined it. Thus, if the fire was very intense, the barrel heated up rapidly and rapidly. Together with him, because of the transfer of thermal energy in the adjacent metal surfaces, the return-fighting spring also heated up. What, by the way, created certain difficulties when operating a machine gun.

Modern small arms of the world. RAP

Many experts in the arms industry agreed that the use of the RAP is possible in view of the shortcomings (hence, their eradication) that have been identified over time. It was assumed either the installation of a global cooling system, or the manufacture of spare barrels. The latter option, incidentally, required corrections in the production process of the RAP, since before that time the machine gun was manufactured with a non-removable barrel.

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