Sludge is a sediment. Drilling and oil sludge

In a literal translation from the German language, this word means mud. Sludge is a precipitate of solid fines that forms during filtration or settling of a liquid. In addition, it can be a powder formed during the electrolysis of metals. As a rule, such a sludge contains noble metal microparticles. And, finally, the sludge is obtained as a result of drilling or crushing of the rock.

Drilling cuttings

This species is an aqueous suspension. It has a solid part, consisting of products obtained from the destruction of the rock, as well as the walls of the well. Drilling mud is a part of the slurry that the slime pipe catches during the core drilling process . Drilling mud includes four types of waste:

- spent concrete bentonite;

- clay;

- liquid soil;

- Groundwater.

It is very important to properly dispose of drill cuttings. This is the task, from the solution of which depends the well-being of the environment. To date, there are several methods of disposal, but so far experts have not come to a common opinion, which one is more effective.

Oil sludge

This is a stable, multi-component system. It consists of oil products, water and mineral impurities. Oil sludge is a product that is formed during the extraction, processing and transportation of crude oil.

Types of oil sludge

In accordance with the condition for the formation of slimes, they can be divided into three separate groups:

1) ground, which are formed in the case when crude oil or oil products are spilled onto the soil (during production or in emergency situations);

2) reservoir tanks - are formed during transportation of petroleum products or during storage in tanks of different designs;

3) bottom - this type of sludge appears in the event that oil bottles settle on the bottom of the reservoir.

In a separate group, the sludge formed during oil production is isolated . Emerging on the surface of the earth oily combustible liquid in its composition contains small particles of salt and rocks, water, gases. This is the so-called crude oil. Impurities contained in it, seriously hamper the transportation and processing of petroleum raw materials. Therefore, preliminary raw caustobolite is processed in a special way. It removes water, mechanical impurities, salts and solid carbons. Then water is pumped into the oil reservoir (to maintain pressure). As a result, mechanical impurities with oil become an oil sludge.

At present, the processing of this substance is a necessary process. Thanks to him, it is possible to restore part of the oil product. Oil sludges, regardless of the nature of origin, are harmful to the environment.

To date, the only way to recycle them is burning or burial. These methods are very costly financially, they require strict observance of all technological norms. But at the same time they do not give the desired result.

Yes, unfortunately, the ideal way to recycle oil sludge has not yet been found. As in the twentieth century, the most common methods are burning, settling, filtering.