Single-skinned roof for the bath with your own hands: materials and technology

The construction of the roof is the final stage in the erection of a building or building box. From the quality of this work will depend on the durability of the operation of the bathhouse or other economic object. For this, the builder must adhere to the established technology of such a process.

сегодня обустраивается практически повсеместно. One-pitched roof for a bath today settles down almost everywhere. This work can be done with our own hands. To do this, you need to have the basic skills of construction, as well as know and fulfill all the requirements of the instruction.

Benefits

бруса, бревен и прочих востребованных строительных материалов имеет несколько преимущество перед другими вариантами конструкций. A single-pitched roof for a bath of foam blocks, timber, logs and other sought after building materials has several advantages over other designs. This type of roof is less subject to wind load. At the same time, the building material from which the system is built can be practically anything. может быть минимальным (от 0°). This is due to the fact that the slope of the saddle roof can be minimal (from 0 °).

A single roof is considered to be the simplest construction. Therefore, its erection can be carried out even by a non-professional. The whole process does not take much time. If a single roof is not created for the attic floor, it has a low weight.

If the owners want to make their roof more difficult, you can use a combination of several skates. They are equipped at different heights. In this case, the roof will still refer to the class of single-pitched varieties.

At construction it is required less materials, and also forces of the master. Therefore, the presented design is used almost everywhere.

disadvantages

The presented design has its drawbacks. может составлять от 0 до 45°. The angle of the saddle roof can be from 0 to 45 °. However, for the arrangement of a bath, the minimum values of this indicator are most often chosen. In this case, the drainage occurs somewhat worse than in the more sloping structures.

Precipitation will drain only in one direction. Therefore, it will be necessary to create a more reliable water abstraction system. It will have a larger diameter. Experts recommend to give preference to metallic varieties of watercourse. Brackets for fixing these elements must be fastened at a distance of 40 cm from each other. The cost of material drainage system in this case will be slightly higher than with the arrangement of other roof systems.

Attic space will have a small size. However, for a bath this is not so important. Some owners of private homes argue that the single-pitched roof has an unprepossessing appearance. However, in the presence of imagination and the necessary time, even from a saddle roof, you can make a masterpiece. The advantages of the presented construction are greater than the disadvantages.

Type of rafter system

в соответствии с рекомендациями профессиональных монтажников. To the final result of the work was high, we build a bath in accordance with the recommendations of professional installers. They talk about the need to choose the right rafters. There are three main options.

For buildings from logs, a sliding rafter system is used. It prevents the occurrence of deformations of wood, which can reach 15% after the erection of a new house. This design requires rigid fastening on the upper wall (on the Mauerlate). At the bottom, the rafters will be installed on a special device. This makes it possible to avoid slipping when shrinking the frame.

If the bath is erected from a brick or foam blocks, a system of inclined rafters is used. They will rely on the lower joists. At the top, the roof is attached to a wall or rack.

There is also a system of suspended rafters. This work should be done by professionals. Each farm is collected separately on the ground. Then they are installed on the walls.

Angle of incline

своими руками, необходимо определить, к какому типу она будет относиться. If we build a bath with our own hands, we need to determine which type it will belong to. There are unventilated and ventilated objects. In the first case, the angle of inclination is up to 5 °. They need a high-quality insulation, vapor barrier.

Ventilated structures can have any allowable angle of inclination. The space between the overlap and the plane of the rays is large enough to create ventilation ducts. Holes equip on both sides of the building, as well as on the fronts. Ventilated buildings are considered to be more durable.

If the coating of the structure is made of soft materials, the design must have a slope of up to 10 °. When using corrugated board this parameter can be in the range from 10 to 20 °. Ondulin and slate are suitable for a roof with an angle of 20 °. Metal tile allows you to create a mansard floor. The angle of inclination of the roof in this case is 25 °.

Wood

необходимо уделить внимание выбору правильного материала для каркаса. Having decided upon the scheme of a saddle roof, it is necessary to pay attention to choosing the right material for the frame. Most often for these purposes choose a beam or logs. Mauerlat, rafters, beams are made of them. The material must be dry (up to 20% humidity).

The beam should have a cross-sectional diameter of 100 mm. The material must necessarily be treated with an antiseptic. This will prevent the appearance of fungus, bugs and other pests.

For the battens used boards of 100x25 mm, a beam of 50x50 mm. On the prominent place of the roof, edged boards will be mounted. These will be end strips. They are put forward with higher requirements. This is the material of the highest grade.

Suitable for the construction of hardwood varieties. Oak and beech are most often used. The durability and reliability of the structure depend on the quality of the material.

Additional materials

или постройки, которая будет эксплуатироваться круглогодично, требует применения качественных крепежных материалов. A single-skinned roof for a summer bath or a building, which will be used all year round, requires the use of quality fasteners. It will be necessary to purchase a sufficient number of self-tapping screws, nails, anchors, and also burnt wire. Two types of fasteners can be used for one fixing point. This is especially important for regions with high wind load.

It will also be necessary to provide for the availability of protective materials. They are a film for hydro and steam insulation, roofing material. In order to keep the bath for a long time the heat inside, high-quality thermal insulation is used. For objects that are operated year-round, this factor is particularly important.

The tool must also be prepared in advance. You will need a hammer, a construction stapler, a hacksaw, an ax and a knife, a screwdriver. Such handy materials are at hand at almost every home master.

Calculation of the rafter system

необходимо уделить внимание процессу расчета материалов. Considering the step-by-step construction of a saddle roof for a bath, it is necessary to pay attention to the calculation of materials. You need to start from the rafter system.

Calculation of the diameter of the beam is carried out in accordance with the angle of incline and other parameters of the slope. It is better to entrust such work to a specialist. Length, height of the roof will determine the number of legs of the system and their dimensions. The rafters are installed in steps of 0.6-1 m.

Planks for the crate are also mounted with a certain step. If metal is used, this figure is 300 mm for the lower boards and 350 mm for the upper ones. For slate, the lathing must be installed in 440 mm increments. Flexible materials suggest a more dense step of laying boards. Such a surface should be absolutely smooth and firm.

Calculation of roofing material

также начинают с правильного предварительного расчета утеплителя, изоляции. The construction of a saddle roof also starts with the correct preliminary calculation of the insulation, insulation. They are purchased in accordance with the dimensions of the object. Roofing material also requires a correct calculation.

It is the roofing material that determines the slope of the roof. The optimum indicator for a bath is an angle of 25 °. Therefore, most often the owners of the suburban area use roofing for metal roofing, corrugated board or slate. Also there are folded roof types.

With an increase in the angle of inclination from 0 to 45 °, the need for roofing materials will increase by a factor of 1.5. If the region has a high amount of precipitation, then the slope must be more sloping. A flat roof settles in areas where strong winds constantly blow.

Mounting of rafters

является монтаж стропильной системы. The initial stage of erection of a roof for a bath by the hands is installation of a rafter system. The supporting elements can be mounted directly on the walls. In some cases it is required to make farms of a triangular configuration. They combine a beam, a rack and a rafter.

When installing the structure on the walls, the master will spend less time and effort. However, this is not always possible. When creating a certain level of slope, you need to raise the bottom wall to the correct height. In this case, the material consumption will increase. However, installation can be done more quickly. Triangular structures are collected on the ground, and then they are raised on the wall. This requires special tools.

Most often in the construction of the bath with their own hands rafters are installed directly on the walls. Also it is necessary to think over the device of the rafter's leg. The place of installation and the number of additional supports depends on the dimensions of the structure, the type of construction material, the angle of incline.

Installation of supports

чаще всего включает в свою конструкцию мауэрлат. A single-pitched roof for a bath often includes a Mauerlat in its construction. It evenly distributes the load to the walls. The lower side of the rafter's foot rests on the Mauerlat.

If the wall of the bath is brick, the mauerlat is fixed on it with the help of burnt wire. For buildings of porous materials (foam concrete, aerated concrete, etc.) it is necessary to use reinforcement. Its length should be 2/3 of the width of the support element. The beam assumes fastening of the Mauerlat with the help of anchors.

By means of a saw on the Mauerlat a rafter's leg is installed. The gap between these two elements of the structure should be minimal. If the width of the span is more than 4.5 m, you will need to mount the supports. They will prevent the sagging of the timber.

Curb and insulation

необходимо выполнить правильную ее обрешетку. Mounting the roof for the bath with your own hands, you need to perform the correct it crate. Step is chosen depending on the roofing material. The boards must be nailed to the rafters.

After the arrangement of the roofing it is possible to install a heater. For this, mineral wool is best suited. It is a non-flammable, environmentally friendly material. Its longevity will be sufficient for the construction to be exploited for several decades.

With the help of a construction stapler, it is necessary to install a waterproofing overlap. On it it is possible to mount a heater. On mineral cotton wool it is necessary to fill the control box. It prevents touching the insulation with vapor barrier. This material is laid directly before the installation of metal, slate, corrugated board, etc.

The final stage

требует правильного монтажа кровельного материала. A single roof for a bath requires proper installation of roofing material. His choice and calculation were presented above. Most often for such purposes, ondulin or metal tile is used. The mounting technology is specified by the material manufacturer. It must be carried out during construction.

After the completion of the final stage of construction, the roof must be periodically inspected for damage, shrinkage. If various defects are found, they must be eliminated immediately.

If garbage accumulates on the ramp, it must be periodically removed. This will have a positive effect on the operating time of the bath.

каждый владелец загородного участка сможет выполнить эту работу самостоятельно. After examining how to mount a single-pitched roof for a bath, each owner of a suburban area will be able to perform this work independently. Adhering to building codes and rules, as well as the recommendations of professionals, you can quickly and cost-effectively make a solid, reliable roof. It will last several decades.