Russian weapons "Tornado": technical characteristics

For several decades the "Grad" system was one of the most terrible tools in the world. No country in the world could resist the Russian Federation. In service this device was adopted in 1963. Almost simultaneously with MLRS, there were "Hurricane" and "Tornado". However, only "Grad" received wide circulation.

Weapons of the "Tornado" gradually from the moment of release (2012) ousts its predecessor. All due to the greater power and accuracy of the defeat. A complete rearmament in the Russian Federation has not yet happened, but foreign military forces are already expressing their interest in new weapons.

History of MLRS

The first system of volley fire can be considered a Korean weapon, which has the name "snapcha". It is considered the "parent" of modern installations. Appeared long ago - in the XV century.

For a long time in the history of such a powerful weapon there were not large-scale changes. Only at the beginning of the XIX century unguided projectiles were used. They were gunpowder rockets. Since that moment they have been used in many battles, including in Copenhagen.

The USSR densely engaged in the development of reactive systems. Already in 1927 some installations went into service with the fleet. For three years, a very successful BM-13 model was created. In the people this MLRS is known as "Katyusha".

After the hostilities spread, the "Grad" was distributed. The system became widely known after the Soviet Union used it in a conflict with China.

The predecessor of the "Tornado" - "Grad"

For the first time it became clear how powerful the "Grad" weapon was, after testing it on the Damansky Island. Then in 1969 a conflict arose between the border services of China and the Soviet Union. After several shots, the territory turned into a plowed field. According to historians, in this situation, more than 3 thousand Chinese died. None of those who tried to penetrate the Soviet peninsula (which all the same passed into the possession of the PRC), did not survive.

In the arsenal of the Russian Federation "Grad" stood for more than 40 years, and, as you know, everything has a certain "shelf life". During its existence, the country saw new systems of "Smerch" and "Hurricane". They replaced the newest weapon of Russia - the Tornado.

The appearance of Tornado weapons in the Russian Federation

The first testing of weapons occurred in 2011, namely on the 25th of the first month of autumn. On these tests were representatives of the military forces of such states as Russia and Kazakhstan. By results, it became clear that this predecessor, "Grad", this model forces to go into the background. Russian weapons "Tornado" has a large firing power, better accuracy of combat, topography, range and accuracy of the shot, etc. Moreover, it is equipped with special satellite guidance. Thanks to him, the probability of a miss is much lower.

A small characteristic of the "Tornado-S"

Unlike the "Smerch" model "Tornado-S" has an increased range of fire, which exceeds the performance of the first installation three times. Thanks to a system that allows you to control the flight of a rocket, the installation will become famous for a small percentage of misses. The projectiles that produce Tornado-S weapons can be of different models: cumulative, fragmentation, mines, and SBE (they differ in that they self-destruct). Thanks to this, this MLRS will be an excellent way to get rid of the enemy in an instant. However, it is very expensive. In 2012, the amount of "Tornado-S" exceeded 35 million rubles.

Creation of "Tornado-G"

The weapon of the Tornado-G was developed long ago. This happened in the 90's. This MLRS has even been tested in training firing under one of the cities of the Russian Federation.

In 2011, a state order for the supply of 36 cars was received. The total cost was more than 1 milliard rubles. But this order was not fulfilled. The fact is that this model, in fact, is a modification of the system "Grad". As a result, the armament of the Tornado-G was not accepted. The Russian government revised its decision in 2012, so in 2013 the delivery of the same number of guns was completed. They will be assigned to the fleet of the state.

Technical characteristics of Tornado-G

Weapons "Tornado-G" has a removable design of the guides. Due to this, you can use shells of different calibers. However, it is worth considering that this function is only available if the chassis that is on the Typhoon is used. The recharge time varies from 3 to 7 minutes.

The cockpit is equipped with the latest guidance control system and the shooting process itself. Due to this, the soldier will not have to use methods of attack that were relevant during the "Grad".

Accuracy of MLRS "Tornado"

As it should be, Russia's Tornado weapons are fired by unguided missiles. Thanks to this, the maximum effect is achieved - ease of use, cheapness and large scale damage.

There are no problems with the accuracy of weapons. There is a permissible deviation - for 100 km the distance of the permitted miss is 200 m. The Tornado-G has a point correction system. It is applied if it is necessary to get into a certain object (tank, headquarters, etc.). The trajectory changes due to the use of satellite navigation and UAV.

Maneuverability of weapons

After the shot, it is difficult to disguise the MLRS, given the power of the Tornado. The new weapons of Russia, respectively, should be able to quickly evacuate and leave. Due to the fact that the guidance system, which is used here, guarantees increased accuracy, the weapon can begin to move even before the shells have reached the target. Confidence that the restart will not be needed, is 100%. The chassis, which is cross-country, allows the Tornado to move along the track at speeds of up to 85 km / h.

Range and Tornado caliber

Armed with the Russian Federation is only "Tornado-G." The caliber of projectiles used is 122 mm. In other models, there are several other indicators. In addition to the "G" version, a technique with an index "C" and "U" was created. Diameters of their rockets are 300 and 220 mm respectively. They are capable of firing as "native" projectiles, being modifications of "Hurricane" (U) and "Smerch" (C), and special ones. The latter have a range factor of twice the original.