Lidiya Ginzburg: a brief biography and interesting facts

Ginzburg Lydia Yakovlevna - a serious and thoughtful literary critic and memoirist. Her memories formed the basis of many biographical articles about writers and poets of the 20th century. Her books make you think and ponder, their philosophical and psychological sounds affect the heart and mind.

Childhood

In the distant 1902, Lidia Yakovlevna Ginzburg was born in the family of a well-known bacteriologist, whose brief biography dates back to the noisy seaside town.

Odessa with its boundless sea distance and muted city fuss was the birthplace of a future memoirist. Here lived her parents, brother, uncle, in whose family she was raised from the age of eight after the death of her father.

Youth

At the age of eighteen, she graduated from high school, and before her was the choice: which life path to choose? What to devote to your youth and future life?

A brother, keen on theater and creating his own miniature theater, invited her to play on her stage. More than a year Lydia Ginzburg tried herself in the role of an actress, speaking along with Arkady Pogodin and Rina Zelena.

But the skill of acting was unnatural to the phlegmatic and balanced nature of young Lydia, although she had the necessary makings to become a famous actress.

The beginning of scientific activity

In 1922, after much hesitation and reflection, Lydia Ginzburg moved to Petrograd, whose biography and creativity now acquired a new direction.

A young girl enters the Institute of Art History at the Faculty of Verbal Medicine. After four years, after graduation, the management leaves it in this educational institution and translates it into scientific employees.

Since 1926, a young graduate student begins to work on her first scientific works in the field of literature and literature. Her early works refer to the "Russian formalism" - the society studying the theory of poetic language, and also close to the literary and artistic avant-garde - experimenting with new concepts, maximum simplification of the depicted subject. They even planned to publish the works of Lydia Ginzburg in the collections Radiks and Bath of Archimedes.

The beginning scientist was engaged in studying various essays, memoirs, diaries, autobiographies, thanks to which she created her own theory of "intermediate literature", its importance and influence on public culture.

Times of repression

The period of the late 1920s and early 1930s was characterized by harsh attacks on the teachings of the "formal school" on the part of the authorities, and later on the brutal persecution of adherents of this theory.

Therefore, according to the decree, the institute where Lydia Ginzburg worked was closed, and the young woman herself was forced to become an ordinary teacher in the work department. In 1933, Lydia Yakovlevna even survived a two-week arrest, which, however, had no serious consequences.

Formation of creativity

In 1935, Ginzburg Lydia Yakovlevna was admitted to the Writers' Union, and five years later she defended her doctoral dissertation at the Leningrad University with her own research work "The Creative Path of Lermontov."

The Great Patriotic War the woman met in Leningrad, experienced the worst in the history of the blockade, buried her mother, who died of hunger.

All horrors and nightmares of the blockade Lydia Ginzburg reflected in her subsequent memoirs, as well as in books based on the recollections of eyewitnesses.

Despite possible personal fears and feelings, during the occupation, Lydia Yakovlevna tried to benefit the motherland, she worked as an editor of the radio committee. Her inspirational programs and programs inspired cheerfulness and confidence in hungry, suffering people, were imbued with the spirit of true patriotism and love for their native land. For inexpressible courage and courage Ginzburg Lidia Yakovlevna was awarded the medal "For the defense of Leningrad." This happened in the summer of 1943.

Creativity in the post-war period

But only a year after the end of the bloody war, the brave woman fell under ideological purge as "unreliable". Because of this, she could not get a job in Leningrad University, she was forced to take the post of associate professor of the literature department in Petrozavodsk. If it had not been for Stalin's death, Lydia Ginzburg could have fallen under the terrible article "the enemy of the people" and lost not only work or freedom, but also life.

In 1957 Lidia Yakovlevna published a monograph on Herzen. Since then, the woman has declared herself not only as a progressive scientist, but also as a deeply thinking philologist of the Soviet Union, bringing to the masses literary and spiritual enlightenment.

Later, Ginzburg published such important literary works as "On psychological prose," "On the lyrics," "Literature in the search for reality," "On the old and the new."

"Notes of a blockade man"

That terrible time, which many experienced in the occupied city, was reflected in her work by Lydia Ginzburg - "The Notes of the Siege Man." The idea to write a book came to her not at once, but only with the time when she began to think about what those long days of the blockade of Leningrad meant for the people's memory.

The work is not based on the writer's memories alone. Before giving the book to the publishers, Lydia Ginzburg spent a lot of time talking with survivors of the blockade, she was deeply reflecting on how to mention a fact that should be described or explained to the uninitiated reader.

And although the narrative is conducted on behalf of a man with the original name of En, it immediately becomes clear that he is a conditional collective image, and that the main character of this book is a Woman with a capital letter.

A woman who was able to endure hunger and cold, who saw how her loved ones were dying, and tried to help them, who stood in long queues at a piece of bread and on which the life of the whole family depended.

And although this woman is sick and hungry, although she is almost unconsciously trudging home, she is a real winner in the struggle for the life of all relatives and the whole Fatherland.

And those who could not endure deprivation and suffering and died martyrically, they too are winners, as they left to their descendants an example of how important it is to fight and not give up.

About the period of the blockade, there are many different books and works written by eyewitnesses, historians, and political scientists. It is noteworthy how Lidia Ginzburg portrays the feelings and feelings of unfortunate people in her work. "Notes of a blockade man" are filled with bitterness and suffering, hunger and cold, but not fear. This is because the very brave woman, who has experienced everything on her personal experience, has never experienced horror. She always knew that it was necessary to keep and go ahead, no matter what it cost.

Talented, vital and truthful "Notes of the blockade man" were translated and published in many languages of the world.

"Notebooks"

Another important work written by Ginzburg is her "Notebooks". These are memoirs and memories of events and acquaintances from the life of both the writer herself and the people around her.

Lydia Yakovlevna was closely acquainted with many outstanding legendary personalities, such as Mayakovsky, Akhmatova, Mandelstam. She possessed a sharp mind and good observation, a living vivid syllable and an individual, profound manner of description. Therefore, "Notebooks" are very interesting and entertaining not only for literary scholars, but also for ordinary people.

From the pages of Ginzburg's memoirs you can find out what really were the famous poets, composers and writers, in which they were in the mood, what they were moving in those or other cases ...

Noting the slightest details and delving into all sorts of subtleties, Lydia Yakovlevna makes readers look at celebrities from the side that has been hidden from the public for many years.

The book also contains her in-depth analyzes and reflections on the surrounding world, on literature and art, which make one think about the obvious, to see the unremarkable, rethink their views and beliefs.

Practical Wisdom

The contribution that Ginzburg brought to the domestic literature is not limited to only her memoirs and memories.

Educated and sensible, noting small details and knowing how to instantly get to the heart of the matter, witty and concrete - that was the wonderful writer Lydia Yakovlevna Ginzburg, quotes and aphorisms of which are still considered relevant and instructive.

Here are some of them:

• "It's terrible that it's easy to be unhappy." Happiness, like everything beautiful, is given with difficulty. "
• "Perfect old age is a natural and reconciled eradication of forces."
• "A person who harms by virtue of his convictions can be persuaded: a person who harms one's personal anger can be mitigated." Only the one who is harmed for fear is invulnerable and adamant. "

Death of the writer

The writer's old age was happy and respected. Mature Lydia Ginzburg, whose photos and interviews appeared in many periodicals, whose books were published in significant editions and read in droves, died at the age of eighty-eight, surrounded by young, highly esteemed writers.

A talented memoirist has lived a long and difficult, but very meaningful and beneficial life.