Ivan Shmelev: biography, photography and creativity

Shmelev Ivan Sergeevich is a well-known Russian writer. In his work he reflected the life of various strata of society, but especially sympathetically he portrayed the life of the "little man". Photo by Ivan Shmelev is presented below.

The origin of Shmelev

Ivan Sergeevich was born on September 21, 1873. He was from the family of merchants from Zamoskvoretsk. Nevertheless, his father's trade was of little interest to him. It contained numerous baths and an artel of carpenters. The Shmelev family was an Old Believer, its way was peculiar, democratic. The Old Believers, both masters and ordinary workers, lived in a friendly community. They adhered to the rules common to all, spiritual and moral principles. Ivan Shmelev grew up in an atmosphere of common consent and friendliness. He absorbed all the best in relations between people. Years later, these childhood impressions were reflected in his works.

Familiarity with the works of classics

Ivan Sergeyevich's home education was mainly occupied by his mother. It was she who taught her son to read a lot. Therefore, from childhood, Ivan was familiar with the work of such writers as Pushkin, Gogol, Tolstoy, Turgenev, and others. Their study continued throughout his life. Ivan Shmelev studied in the gymnasium. His biography is marked by a deepening of literary knowledge. Ivan Sergeyevich gladly read the books of Leskov, Korolenko, Uspensky, Melnikov-Pechensky. In a sense, they became his literary idols. Of course, this did not stop the influence on the formation of the future writer of works by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. This is evidenced by Shmelev's later works: The Eternal Ideal, The Treasured Meeting, The Secret of Pushkin.

Literary debut

Ivan Shmelev, whose biography interests us, debuted as an author in 1895. In the magazine "Russian Review" was printed his story "At the mill." This work talks about the formation of personality, about the path of man to creativity through overcoming life's difficulties, comprehension of destinies and characters of ordinary people.

The book that brought disappointment

After the marriage, I went with my young wife to the island of Valaam, where there are ancient monasteries and monasteries, Shmelev Ivan Sergeevich.

Biography of many writers reflected in their work, and Shmelev - not an exception. The result of this journey was the book "On the rocks of Valaam ...". Her publication has brought the beginning author a lot of disappointments. The fact is that Pobedonostsev, the prosecutor's office of the Holy Synod, through which this book was to pass, found in the work seditious reasoning. Shmelev eventually had to shorten the text, redo the work, depriving his creation of author's raisins. This knocked Ivan Sergeyevich out of the rut. He decided that the literary career is not his path. After that, Ivan Sergeyevich did not write for almost 10 years. However, he needed to somehow support his family. Therefore, I decided to find a new source of income Shmelev Ivan Sergeevich. The biography of the further years of his life will still be connected with literature. But while he decided that it was necessary to do something else.

Ivan Shmelev becomes a lawyer

Ivan Sergeevich decided to go to Moscow University in order to obtain a profession of a lawyer. Much has changed since this moment, and most importantly - the environment of the writer. In this educational institution the generation of the new intelligentsia was trained. Ivan Sergeevich communicated with educated intelligent people, which enriched and developed his personality, as well as creativity. University he graduated in 1898. Ivan Shmelev for some time served in Moscow as an assistant attorney (minor position). Then he moved to Vladimir. Here, Ivan Sergeevich started working as a tax inspector. Even in this routine work Shmelev, being a creative person, was able to find his pluses. He drew experience and impressions during numerous trips around the province, visits to crowded inns. So gradually ideas accumulated for his future books.

Return to Literary Creativity

Shmelev in 1905 decided to return to writing. In the journals "Russian Thought" and "Children's Reading," his works began to appear. They were small, rather shy probes, a kind of test of Shmelev himself in the writers' field. Doubt, finally, disappeared. Ivan Sergeevich finally became firmly established in the choice made. He decided to leave the service. Ivan Shmelev came to the capital. In 1907, a new stage of his literary career began.

Then it was useful experience of communication with people, acquired during travel to the Vladimir province. The writer Ivan Shmelev even then realized that some new force is ripening among the people, protest moods are emerging, there is a readiness for change, including through the revolution. In the small prose of Ivan Sergeevich all these observations were reflected.

"Disintegration"

In 1906, his story appeared entitled "Disintegration". It describes the history of the relationship between the father and his son. Father does not want any changes, he is used to doing everything the old fashioned way. This is the owner of a brick factory. His son, on the contrary, yearns for change. It is filled with new ideas. Thus, a generational conflict occurs within a single family. To the death of both, the hero leads the circumstances. The tragic finale, however, does not inspire pessimism and feelings of hopelessness.

"The Man from the Restaurant"

"The Man from the Restaurant" is Shmelev's next novel. It is often called the calling card of this writer. The story appeared in 1910. It also touched upon the theme of fathers and children. However, this time the events unfold against the background of revolutionary moods raging in society. The center of attention of Ivan Sergeyevich, however, is not social problems, but human relationships, the problem of life choices.

"Turnover of life"

Shmelev together with his wife after the outbreak of World War I moved to the Kaluga estate. At this time, he made a new discovery for himself. It turns out that not only does a person physically mutilate a war, but also morally. The hero of Shmelev's new story "The Turnover of Life" is a carpenter. In the war years, his affairs improved significantly due to orders for crosses and coffins. The flow of money initially masters the master, but eventually he realized that the money earned on people's grief does not bring happiness.

Shooting my son

Sergei Shmelev, the son of Ivan Sergeyevich, soon went to the front. He served in the Alushta Commandant's Office, in Wrangel's army. The latter had already fled when the Red Army took Alushta. So was in captivity Sergei Shmelev. The father tried in vain to do everything to save his son. Sergei Shmelev was shot. This was a hard blow for his parents.

Emigration

Ivan Sergeyevich, after experiencing a famine in 1921, decided to emigrate. First, together with his wife, he moved to Berlin (in 1922), and then, at the invitation of Bunin, went to Paris (in 1923). Here he lived for the rest of his life. The years of emigration are a new stage not only in Shmelev's life, but also in his work.

"The Sun of the Dead"

"Sun of the Dead," a well-known novel-epic, was written at this time. This work has been translated into English, German, French and other languages. The book of Shmelev was a real discovery not only in the domestic, but also in the world literature. In the work of Ivan Sergeyevich, an attempt was made to honestly look at the very essence of the tragedy that befell Russian society.

"The Summer of the Lord" (Ivan Shmelev)

The works of Ivan Sergeevich were created in a difficult time for our country. Impressions of recent years in Russia formed the basis of Shmelev's next novel, "The Summer of the Lord." The writer, drawing pictures of Orthodox holidays, reveals the soul of the Russian people. Turning to childhood, Ivan Sergeyevich captured the perception of the world by a believing child, who trustingly accepted his God in the heart. The merchant and peasant environment in the book does not appear to be a "dark kingdom," but an organic and integral world full of inner culture, moral health, humanity and love. Shmelev is far from sentimental or romantic stylization. He depicts the true way of life, not obscuring its brutal and rude sides, its "sorrows". For the pure soul of a child, existence is revealed mainly by its joyful, bright side. The existence of heroes is closely connected with worship and church life. For the first time in domestic literary literature, an important layer of people's life-church and religious-was so fully and deeply reconstructed. In the prayer states of the heroes, their psychological experiences, the spiritual life of the Christian is revealed.

"Nanny from Moscow"

In the novel by Ivan Sergeevich "Nanny from Moscow" it is said about the fate of a simple woman who turned out to be the will of circumstances in Paris. The writer conducts his story using sympathetic soft tones with notes of mild irony. At the same time, the reader feels pain and great sorrow in relation to the author. The work is written in the form of a story, favorite Shmelev. It should be noted that the writer achieved unmatched mastery in it. Daria Stepanovna's nanny is characterized by inner peace, deep faith, spiritual health and boundless kindness. The nurse's nurse is a wayward, careless, capricious girl. The author shows her character with a good sense of humor.

"The Way of Heaven"

Shmelev Ivan Sergeevich, whose works we describe, began to work on his next novel called "The Ways of Heaven" and practically finished it. However, at this time Olga, his beloved wife, passed away after the illness. This happened in 1933. Shmelev Ivan Sergeevich did not represent his existence without this woman. The writer had to endure much after her death. He was going to continue his novel, but his life stopped a sudden heart attack.

Ivan Sergeyevich Shmelev died on June 24, 1950.