How to choose a stepper motor for CNC?

Stepper motors relate to brushless devices. They are made with several windings. The main parameters of the devices can be called the threshold voltage and the number of poles. Also, the models differ in the resistance of the winding. Single-phase modifications are made with toothed stators. Magnets are most often used cylindrical type.

For CNC stepper motors are ideal. However, in this case, much depends on the equipment. In particular, modifications are installed on printers, machine tools and laser cutters. Also they can be found on the drives. However, this applies only to linear configurations. It is an average stepper motor in the region of 4500 rubles.

How to choose the engine?

How to choose a stepper motor for CNC? First of all, you should determine the type of modification. If we consider options for machine tools, then they often use two-phase models. Magnetic cores at them are established with good conductivity of a current. Directly, the rotors are made of steel. Cups for stators are made with a ledge.

In this case, the windings are made of a magnetically soft material. Stators in the presented devices are used with teeth. The retention rate must be at least 3 kg / cm. The winding resistance parameter depends on the type of CNC. If we talk about the modifications with the controller, then the above indicator is required to equal 7 ohms.

Devices for machine tools

How to choose a stepper motor for CNC machine? If we consider a conventional milling model, then first of all it is important to pay attention to the type of shaft. On average, it is installed with a diameter of 5 mm. In this case, the stator must be above the rotor in the cup, and the winding current itself should be equal to 2 A. For more stable operation of the motor, high conductivity magnetic conductors are used.

Also, before purchasing, evaluate the inductance of the winding. The specified parameter for the engine oscillates around 6 mH. In this case, the drivers for the devices must be bipolar type. It is an average stepper motor for the CNC machine in the region of 3 thousand rubles.

Models for drives

How to choose a stepper motor for the NC machine drive? In this case, many consumers prefer two-phase modifications. The stators are most often cogged. By the type of the rotor, the models are quite different. Often they are made of charge steel. The average shaft diameter is 5.5 mm. The pitch angle of the models for the drives is 1.2 degrees. The winding current in this case must be at least 3 A. If we consider single-phase modifications, then the driver for the motors is of the unipolar type.

The winding resistance on the average fluctuates around 5 ohms. It is also important to pay attention to the threshold voltage of the motors. This parameter, as a rule, does not exceed 6 V. However, there are also more powerful models on the market. The maximum inductance of the winding is 10 mH. At the same time, the current overload indicator is at the level of 4 A. A qualitative stepper motor for the drive in the region of 4500 rubles will go off.

Printers for printers

Stepper motor selection for the printer's CNC is performed only among three-phase modifications. Stators are more expedient to select a gear type. Magnetic cores should have a high current conductivity. Thanks to them, the engine will gain speed smoothly. If we talk about the parameters, then the retention of modifications for printers on average equals 4 kg / cm. The directly threshold voltage fluctuates around 10 V.

The minimum inductance of the winding must be 8.5 mH. The pitch angle of the device should be at 1.3 degrees. Magnets in the presented modifications are often used constant and in shape are cylindrical. The gear ratio depends on the type of rotor. For unipolar drivers, models on the market are rare. Buy a good engine for the printer user is able to price from 3 thousand rubles.

Modifications for laser cutters

Which engine to choose for a laser cutter? Many experts in this situation prefer the models to 10 V. Most often they are made with stator teeth. Magnetic conductors have a high conductivity. Directly the rotors in the engines are located in special bowls. Modifications of the bipolar type on the market are rare.

On average, the pitch angle of the models does not exceed 2 degrees. The ultimate current load of the device is maintained at a level of 5 A. The maximum inductance of the winding depends on the number of steps per revolution. The shaft diameter in the engine should be 5.5 mm. To date, quality devices for cutters are sold at a price of 4 thousand rubles.

Single-phase modifications

Single-phase models are most suitable for milling machines. On average, the step angle is 2.5 degrees. The maximum inductance of the device is maintained at 7 mH. By the number of steps per revolution, the models are quite different. The market has a lot of modifications to 5 and 10 V. The gear ratio they have about 1:54.

Two-pole modifications can boast of high current conductivity. Rotors are most commonly installed from charge steel. Cups for them are made with projections of different lengths. To buy in stores a set of stepper motors for CNC on 5 V can be for 4500 rubles.

Two-phase devices

The two-phase motor fits well for printers. The power of the model is quite different. Modifications for unipolar drivers are distinguished by increased conductivity of the current. The threshold voltage is an average of 5 V. The rotor is located in the cup in a standard way. The shafts of the models are set with a diameter of 5 mm. The step angle in the presented configurations does not exceed 2 degrees.

The winding current in this case equals 4.5 A. Directly, the moment of holding the motor depends on the magnetic circuit. If we consider models with a high-voltage winding, then this parameter averages 3 kg / cm. The gear ratio of the devices does not exceed 1:60. The winding resistance is on average 8 ohms. Four stems are provided for the stator in the submitted modifications for connection. The stepper motor controller for the CNC is only of the bipolar type. There is a good two-phase modification of about 5 thousand rubles.

Three-phase models

A three-phase motor is often used for linear drives. The indicator of the threshold voltage in it varies in the region of 5 V. Modifications with toothed stators are found on the market quite often. Magnetic cores in these models have a current conductivity index of 6 microns. Rotors are made, as a rule, from charge steel. The pitch angle of the models does not exceed 2.4 degrees. The moment of confinement in this case depends on the conductivity of the magnetic circuit. On average, this parameter fluctuates around 4 kg / cm.

The gear ratio of the models is 1:63. By the resistance parameter of the winding, the devices are very different. The minimum inductance of the motors is 8.5 mH. The devices are made for four and six pins. Buy a three-phase modification on the market can be only 5 thousand rubles.

Engines with driver ULN2003

Stepper motor for CNC of this type is used for milling machines. The rotor is made of charge steel. Directly the rotor cup is made with a high protrusion. The magnetic line is installed with a current conductivity of 4 μ. The stator in the device is of the toothed type, and the winding is provided with a low-voltage winding. The pitch angle in this case is 2.3 degrees. There are many modifications of the two-phase type on the market. The resistance index of the winding does not exceed 8 ohms. The minimum inductance parameter is 10 mH. Buy a model of this type can be for 3500 rubles.

Modifications to 5 V

The stepper motor for a 5-V CNC machine can be manufactured with a single-pole and bipolar driver. Magnetic cores in devices are used different. The current conductivity index is 5.5 μm on average. Stator cups are often made with projections. Thus, the shaft speed dials smoothly. The angle of a step of models on the average does not exceed 1.2 degrees.

The limiting current of the winding of the device is maintained at a level of 6 A. The torque retention index of the engines is on average 2 kg / cm. The minimum inductance of the winding does not exceed 6 mH. It is a good stepper motor for the CNC at 5 in the area of 4200 rubles.

10 V motors

Stepper motor for 10V CNC is often selected for printers that run on unipolar drivers. In this case, there are four pins in the devices. The conductivity of the current itself fluctuates around 6 microns. The maximum pitch angle in devices is 2.5 degrees. The inductance index of the winding is at least 8 mH.

It should also be noted that the presented configurations can be used for working with linear drives. Stators in devices are used cup type. Magnets are only suitable permanent. In form they are made of cylindrical form. The moment of retention of engines at 10 V on average is 4.5 kg / cm. To buy a good model for a printer in specialized stores can be priced at 5 thousand rubles.