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How did the earth become man? Main stages and features

How did the earth become man? It was a very complex and lengthy process. Even now it can not be said that our planet has been studied 100%. Until now, there are corners of nature that the human foot has not stepped on.

He studies the development of the earth by a 7th grade general secondary school. This knowledge is very important and helps to better understand the history of the development of civilization.

How did the earth become man?

The first stage of settlement, during which the ancient bipedal people began to migrate from East Africa to Eurasia and to develop new lands, began about 2 million years ago and ended 500,000 years ago. Later, ancient people die, and with the advent of a reasonable man in Africa 200,000 years ago, the second stage started.

The main settling of people was observed along the mouth of large rivers - the Tigris, the Indus, the Euphrates, the Nile. It was in these places that the first civilizations appeared, which were called river ones.

Our ancestors chose such sites in order to break up settlements that would later become centers of state. Their life was subordinated to a clear natural regime. In the spring the rivers were flooded, and then, when they dried up, there was a fertile moist soil, ideally suited for sowing.

Settlement on continents

The overwhelming majority of historians and archaeologists consider the homeland of the first people to be Africa and South-West Eurasia. Over time, mankind has mastered almost all the continents, with the exception of Antarctica. Where the Bering Strait is now located , 30 thousand years ago there was a land that connected Eurasia and North America. It was on this bridge that people entered new places. So, hunters from Eurasia, having passed through North America, got into its southern part. In Australia, a man came from South-East Asia. Such conclusions scientists could make on the basis of excavation results.

Main areas of settlement

When considering the question of how the development of the land by man took place, it will be interesting to know how people chose places for their residence. Very often entire settlements left the usual corner and went to the unknown beyond the search for better conditions. The newly developed lands allowed the development of livestock and agriculture. The population of the planet increased very rapidly . If 15,000 years ago there were about 3,000,000 people on Earth, now this figure exceeds 6 billion. The overwhelming majority of people live in the plains of the area. On them it is convenient to break up fields, build factories and plants, equip populated areas.

On the globe, you can identify four areas where people are most densely settled. This is Western Europe, South and East Asia, the east of North America. There are reasons for this: favorable natural factors, prescription of settlement and developed economy. For example, in Asia, the population is still actively sowing and irrigating the soil. A fertile climate allows you to collect several crops a year to feed a large family.

In Western Europe and North America, urban settlement prevails. Here the infrastructure is very developed, many modern factories and factories are built, industry prevails over agriculture.

Types of economic activity

Economic activity affects the environment and changes it. And different branches affect the nature in different ways.

Thus, agriculture was the primary reason for the reduction of areas of the planet, which preserved natural conditions. For fields and pastures more and more space was required, forests were cut down, animals lost their homes. Due to the constant load, the soil partially loses its fertile qualities. Artificial irrigation allows you to get a good harvest, but this method also has its disadvantages. So, in arid regions too abundant watering of the earth can lead to its salinization and decrease in a crop. Pets trample the vegetation and compact the soil cover. Often, in an arid climate, pastures become desert.

Especially harmful to the environment is the rapid growth of industry. Solid and liquid substances penetrate into the soil and water, and gaseous substances are released into the air. Rapid growth of cities necessitates the development of new territories, on which vegetation is destroyed. Pollution of the environment is extremely unfavorable for people's health.

Mastering the Earth Man: Countries of the World

People who live in the same territory have a common language and one culture, they form an ethnos. It can consist of a nation, a tribe, a people. In the past great ethnic groups created entire civilizations.

Currently, there are more than 200 states on the planet. All of them differ among themselves. There are states occupying the whole continent (Australia), but there are very tiny ones consisting of one city (Vatican City). There are different countries in terms of population size. There are billionaire states (India, China), but there are also those in which no more than a few thousand live (San Marino).

So, considering the question of how the Earth was learned by man, we can conclude that this process has not yet been completed and we still have to learn a lot of interesting things about our planet.

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