Friction clutches: principle of operation, drawing

Friction clutches are devices that are designed to transmit rotational motion in the mechanism. Quite often, this type of elements are found in the car.

They are also used in drives. The main advantage of modifications lies in their compactness. There are many types of couplings. To learn more about them, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the drawings of the model.

Device model

A conventional clutch includes a drum and a set of discs. The body is directly used in the cup shape. Many modifications are made with clamping plates. Their fingers are fixed at the base of the device. There is a plug for connecting the model. The torque of the gear is ensured by the bearings.

How does the coupling work?

The principle of operation of friction clutches is built on the transfer of rotational motion from the shaft. This process is due to the drum. It is tightly connected to the disks that control it. To hold the mechanism along the axis there is a spring. The standard model is fixed to the shaft through the plug. It is also worth noting that the speed of rotation depends on the bearing types.

Types of models

In the form of disc, conical and cylindrical modifications. A multi-disc model belongs to a separate category. There are devices with one or more drums. They differ in size, as well as the coefficient of rotation.

Disk devices

The most common are disc friction clutches. They use a big drum. At the same time, the pressure plate is fixed through the post. Many models use several screeds. Also worth noting that there are devices with fingers. They have a fairly high friction force. These devices can be found in machine tools.

Cone modifications

The cone friction clutch (the drawing is shown below) is suitable for drive devices. It has several drums that connect through the plate. Forks are used in different sizes. It should also be noted that cone modifications are well suited for cars, often mounted on clutch mechanisms. The fingers in this case are attached at a slight angle of inclination. The driven plates are well ground and able to rotate at high speed.

Cylindrical devices

Cylindrical friction clutch is very rare in production. Most often, models are installed on cranes. The leading drums are of great width. In this case, the racks differ in size. Some experts point to the strength of springs. Couplings of this type are capable of withstanding large axle loads. They may have one or more bearings. Tightening fingers are installed in a large size.

Features of multi-disk models

The multi-plate friction clutch includes a wide drum, as well as three working plates. Tie fingers are used on the pads. Many models have several supports. Also worth noting that there are modifications to the two springs. They have a high clamping force, they use large diameter forks. The most common devices are installed on the drives. Shells are of cone shape.

Single-drum models

Friction clutches with one drum are made with one or more plates. The compression force in this case is regulated by the fingers. Some experts say that the modifications are suitable for cranes. However, they are still found in cars. Also it is worth noting that the models withstand large overloads. The driven discs are polished, they can rotate quickly. Forks are most often installed at the bottom of the mechanism.

Models with several drums

Quite often in the industry there is a safety clutch (friction) with several drums. Among the merits of the modification is worth noting the good stops and high downforce. Many models are capable of withstanding heavy loads. Mechanisms are rarely installed. It is also worth noting that the driving gears are of large size. Some couplings work from stretching fingers. They have two racks.

At the same time, the connection plug is in the front part of the structure. Devices are not suitable for drives, because they have a slow start. Also worth noting that there are models with a squeeze disc. The rod is in this case in a horizontal position. The fingers are small in size. In devices, high compression force. Drums can only rotate in one direction. The drive disc can be located behind the squeeze plate or in front of it.

Bushing models

The bushing friction clutches are suitable only for clutch mechanisms. Some modifications are used in the drive devices. Models can use several partitions. It is also worth noting that the tie fingers are installed above the release spring. The plates are in a horizontal position. The bushing is attached between the partitions and plays the role of a shock absorber.

If we talk about shortcomings, it is worth noting that the models have a low downforce. Also models are not capable of supporting high shaft speeds. Devices are not suitable for drives.

Advantages of flange devices

The advantages of flange couplings lie in the fact that they have a small wear of the drum. The discs are usually fixed behind the counter. The partitions are of small size. Clamping plates are used to hold the stand. Springs are most often fixed at the bottom of the couplings. Some models work with drives. The connection to the shaft is via the plug. It is also worth noting that there are modifications with wide pressing discs. They have cone cases, and they are very compact.

Models on hinges

Couplings on hinges are able to work in drive units of different power. Modifications are distinguished by wide partitions and short fingers. The discs are fixed at the base of the plate. Shells are produced in different sizes. Tie fingers are located in front of the stand. Partitions can be with cuts. It is also worth noting that the force of the torque depends on the size of the drum. As a rule, he has a wide wall. At the same time, the edges are sharpened and do not rub against the disks. This was achieved through the installation of hinges.

Cam devices

The friction clutch with cams is suitable for machine tools. Many models withstand a significant load, but in this case, much depends on the drum. For some devices, it is fixed between the partitions. Also it should be noted that there are models on the plates. A conical case is used to hold the parts.

The most common are couplings on the squeeze discs. They use drums of small width. Stocks in this case are connected to the plugs. Many models are used in clutch mechanisms. Tightening fingers can be fixed at the bottom of the partitions. The driven drum is almost not erased. Tightening fingers are used as standard in a small size.

Models for drives

The friction clutch for the drives can work with one or more drums. In this case, the rods are produced under small shafts. Drums are installed in a horizontal position. Many modifications are equipped with aluminum alloy wheels. Also worth noting that there are modifications with spring devices.

If we consider the standard modification, then it has two squeeze discs. Between them there is only one plate. The bushing in this case is attached to the rod. For the purpose of safety of the drum, bearings are installed. If we consider models for large drives, then they have a squeegee disk with a partition. The driven drum operates on a wide rack. Pressure springs can be with ties. The forks of the couplers are fixed at the base. Some models are made with tapered bodies. In addition, the couplings have compact working plates.